scholarly journals A Review of Global Policy Mechanisms Designed for Tropical Forests Conservation and Climate Risks Management

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennedy Muthee ◽  
Lalisa Duguma ◽  
Priscilla Wainaina ◽  
Peter Minang ◽  
Judith Nzyoka
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Tropical Forest Conservation ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Policy Mechanisms

Deforestation and forest degradation of tropical forests are major global concerns due to their ecological, social, and economic roles. In the wake of climate change and its diverse global effects, fragmentation and degradation of tropical forests have jeopardized their ability to support livelihoods and regenerate climate regulating services. Concerted efforts by local, national, and international players, which are primarily scientific, technological, or economic, have borne minimal results in safeguarding these forests from destruction, necessitating a more integrated and inclusive approach. The Rio Earth Summit (1992) brought together world leaders to set targets and priorities on the global sustainability agenda and laid a strong foundation for international policy cooperation in the future. This study employed a systematic review of articles published between 1992 and 2020 to establish how various policy mechanisms have been developed and evolved to bridge forests and climate change discourse in tropical forests while highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. The initial search of peer-reviewed publications and gray literature yielded 2622 records, which were subjected to inclusion and exclusion criteria based on The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analyses guidelines, resulting in a final list of 65 records for in-depth qualitative analysis. The study establishes that the mechanisms in place have contributed mainly to more coordination and incentives to manage climate risks, primarily through tropical forests conservation. However, hurdles such as inadequate participation and involvement of the local and indigenous people, insufficient national and local policy frameworks and bureaucracies around emissions monitoring, measuring, reporting, and verification processes continue to slow tropical forest conservation. Thus, there is a need for more integrated, multilevel, and diverse stakeholder engagement to achieve the set global targets effectively.

scholarly journals Choices of Research Methodologies on Climate Change Adaptation Especially Focusing on Agriculture Sector: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Shree Kumar Maharjan ◽  
Keshav Lall Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Research Methodologies ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Agriculture Sector

A rapid increase in climate researches by applying diverse methodologies and approaches in recent decades. These researches have directly or indirectly contributed in better understanding of climate issues, risks and vulnerabilities. It has improved awareness and capacities of the public and communities to adapt to the vulnerabilities and impacts. It, further, contributes in formulation of climate policies and plans to address climate risks and vulnerabilities at the local and national levels. Appropriate methodologies lead to better results in the researches. This paper has applied systematic review of the published papers (2010 -2017) to understand the general and specific research methodologies in climate discourse especially in Web of Science (WS), Springer Link (SL) and Science Direct (SD). Altogether, 37 journal papers (10 WS, 13 SL and 14 SD) were selected for the detail analysis based on the assessment of abstracts, which was mainly concentrated on research methodologies specializing in agriculture. In the process, the authors have analyzed the contents, research methodologies, data analysis, and geographical coverages. The analysis, further, concentrated on the scope and limitations of the research methodologies used.  Wide-ranging research methodologies are found that are applied by the researchers in the climate change discourse. Some researchers have applied general research methodologies whereas others have used specific research methodologies and model analysis. Furthermore, it is comprehended that the combination of research methodologies and approaches through focus group discussion together with household survey and model analysis is the effective way for the research by using quantitative and qualitative data. 

Building the Forest-Climate Bandwagon: REDD+ and the Logic of Problem Amelioration

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance L. McDermott ◽  
Kelly Levin ◽  
Benjamin Cashore
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Decline ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
Climate Regime ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Forest Stewardship ◽  
Institutional Solution ◽  
Policy Mechanisms

For those championing an international institutional solution to climate change, the forest-climate linkage through reduced emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and forest enhancement (REDD+) may be one of the most promising strategic linkages to date. Following a series of forest-focused interventions that did not live up to their promise, global forest politics have now, through REDD+ deliberations, been institutionally subsumed into the climate regime. We argue that to realize its potential, REDD+ policy mechanisms must be careful to move away from the commodification of forest stewardship that reinforces short-term strategic positions of powerful producing and consuming interests whose current activities are the culprits of global forest decline. To achieve such an outcome, we argue that institutions must develop on the basis of a “logic of problem amelioration” in which the rationale for achieving clearly defined environmental and social goals is rendered transparent. This could be achieved through the formalization of a “dual effectiveness test” in which interventions are evaluated for their potential to simultaneously ameliorate both global climate change and forest degradation.

scholarly journals Generating carbon finance through avoided deforestation and its potential to create climatic, conservation and human development benefits

2008 ◽  
Vol 363 (1498) ◽  
pp. 1917-1924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Ebeling ◽  
Maï Yasué
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Carbon Markets ◽  
Conservation And Development ◽  
Tropical Forest Conservation ◽  
Formidable Challenge ◽  
Change Mitigation

Recent proposals to compensate developing countries for reducing emissions from deforestation (RED) under forthcoming climate change mitigation regimes are receiving increasing attention. Here we demonstrate that if RED credits were traded on international carbon markets, even moderate decreases in deforestation rates could generate billions of Euros annually for tropical forest conservation. We also discuss the main challenges for a RED mechanism that delivers real climatic benefits. These include providing sufficient incentives while only rewarding deforestation reductions beyond business-as-usual scenarios, addressing risks arising from forest degradation and international leakage, and ensuring permanence of emission reductions. Governance may become a formidable challenge for RED because some countries with the highest RED potentials score poorly on governance indices. In addition to climate mitigation, RED funds could help achieve substantial co-benefits for biodiversity conservation and human development. However, this will probably require targeted additional support because the highest biodiversity threats and human development needs may exist in countries that have limited income potentials from RED. In conclusion, how successfully a market-based RED mechanism can contribute to climate change mitigation, conservation and development will strongly depend on accompanying measures and carefully designed incentive structures involving governments, business, as well as the conservation and development communities.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on Adaptation Practices in Aquaculture towards Climate Change Impacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11410
Author(s):  
Asnarulkhadi Abu Samah ◽  
Hayrol Azril Mohamed Shaffril ◽  
Mohd Fauzi Fadzil ◽  
Nobaya Ahmad ◽  
Khairuddin Idris
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Searching Strategy ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
The Many ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Adaptation Practices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The impact of climate change is one of the many challenges faced by aquaculture communities nowadays. Only a limited number of articles have attempted to systematically review available literature in this field, which has led to the current study, aiming to develop a systematic review related to the practice of adapting to climate change among aquaculture communities. This systematic review was guided by the PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) in its systematic searching strategy on Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, resulting in the selection of 20 related studies. All selected articles were assessed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Employing thematic analysis, five main themes resulted, namely Governmental (five subthemes), Community (three subthemes), Facilities (five subthemes), Temperature (two subthemes) and Financial (three subthemes), along with 18 subthemes. Based on the pattern of previous studies, the review presented several recommendations for scholars, agencies, and communities to consider in future.

Bringing Local Voices to the Global Negotiation Table: Norm Dissemination and Consensus Building on Tropical Forests and Climate Change

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria G. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Consensus Building ◽  
Transnational Advocacy ◽  
Transnational Advocacy Networks ◽  
Advocacy Network ◽  
The Impact

AbstractInitially rejected by the parties to the Kyoto Protocol, efforts to protect tropical forests are now an accepted strategy to mitigate the impact of climate change. Inspired by long-standing demands of Amazonia’s forests peoples, the notion of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) has been embraced in global arenas. What accounts for this shift in perceptions about the relation between forests and climate change? Answers lie in the efforts of a transnational advocacy network (TAN) at norm dissemination and consensus-building within Brazil and in the Kyoto Protocol. This study highlights the importance of domestic activism unfolding in democratizing societies to enhance the influence of transnational advocacy networks in norm dissemination and consensus building in global arenas. It enlarges the explanatory power of normative approaches by documenting a case in which the idea and set of values being globally propagated do not emanate from a Western liberal tradition.

scholarly journals Housing for Now and the Future: A Systematic Review of Climate-Adaptive Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6744
Author(s):  
Ma Katrina Rañeses ◽  
Alice Chang-Richards ◽  
Kevin I-Kai Wang ◽  
Kim Natasha Dirks
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
Passive Design ◽  
Adaptive Ability ◽  
Meta Analyses

Climate change requires our built environment to be adaptable in order to serve the community well. Among the components of the built environment, housing and its occupants are especially vulnerable. Over the years, there have been variations in the designs and building techniques used in the construction of houses able to adapt to these changes. In this study, a systematic review with the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses (PRISMA) protocol was conducted to identify, classify, and investigate existing climate-adaptive measures for housing on the basis of 65 articles selected. In total, 21 climate-adaptive measures were identified and classified into three categories, namely, passive design, building technology, and building performance assessment tools. From the identified climate-adaptive measures, 16 distinct benefits were identified, the majority of which are related to improved thermal comfort and energy efficiency. This review lays the foundation for further research examining the roles of existing, new, and emerging technologies in enhancing building performance and the adaptive ability of houses in response to climate change.

Psychological and Cognitive Aspects of Borderline Intellectual Functioning

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastianina Contena ◽  
Stefano Taddei
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Borderline Intellectual Functioning ◽  
General Quality ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF) refers to a global IQ ranging from 71 to 84, and it represents a condition of clinical attention for its association with other disorders and its influence on the outcomes of treatments and, in general, quality of life and adaptation. Furthermore, its definition has changed over time causing a relevant clinical impact. For this reason, a systematic review of the literature on this topic can promote an understanding of what has been studied, and can differentiate what is currently attributable to BIF from that which cannot be associated with this kind of intellectual functioning. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria, we have conducted a review of the literature about BIF. The results suggest that this condition is still associated with mental retardation, and only a few studies have focused specifically on this condition.

Vaccination in childhood and the risk of childhood cancer – a systematic review and meta-analyses

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Sadre Dadras ◽  
LK Brackmann ◽  
I Langner ◽  
U Haug ◽  
W Ahrens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Meta Analyses

Local Policy for a Protected Environmental Area Management: The Case of Limiting Motorized Vehicles in Park of Canigou in Pyrenées Orientales

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Individual Action ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Motorized Vehicles ◽  
Local Levels

“We regard the recent science –based consensual reports that climate change is, to a large extend, caused by human activities that emit green houses as tenable, Such activities range from air traffic, with a global reach over industrial belts and urban conglomerations to local small, scale energy use for heating homes and mowing lawns. This means that effective climate strategies inevitably also require action all the way from global to local levels. Since the majority of those activities originate at the local level and involve individual action, however, climate strategies must literally begin at home to hit home.”

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