Immunological Homeostasis at the Ovine Placenta May Reflect the Degree of Maternal Fetal Interaction

AbstractInteractions between host and gut microbial communities are modulated by diets and play pivotal roles in immunological homeostasis and health. We show that exchanging the protein source in a high fat, high sugar, westernized diet from casein to whole-cell lysates of the non-commensal bacterium Methylococcus capsulatus Bath is sufficient to reverse western diet-induced changes in the gut microbiota to a state resembling that of lean, low fat diet-fed mice, both under mild thermal stress (T22 °C) and at thermoneutrality (T30 °C). Concomitant with microbiota changes, mice fed the Methylococcus-based western diet exhibit improved glucose regulation, reduced body and liver fat, and diminished hepatic immune infiltration. Intake of the Methylococcu-based diet markedly boosts Parabacteroides abundances in a manner depending on adaptive immunity, and upregulates triple positive (Foxp3+RORγt+IL-17+) regulatory T cells in the small and large intestine. Collectively, these data point to the potential for leveraging the use of McB lysates to improve immunometabolic homeostasis.

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The effect of fetal thyroparathyroidectomy on the transport of calcium across the ovine placenta to the fetus

Placenta ◽

10.1016/s0143-4004(86)80029-7 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 417-424 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

A.D. Care ◽

I.W. Caple ◽

S.K. Abbas ◽

D.W. Pickard

Keyword(s):

Ovine Placenta

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The Effect of Melatonin or Maternal Nutrient Restriction on Cell Proliferation in the Ovine Placenta

10.33915/etd.3609 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Adam Walter Eifert

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Nutrient Restriction ◽

Ovine Placenta

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Transplacental innate immune training via maternal microbial exposure: the XBP1-ERN1 axis in programming dendritic cell precursors

10.1101/848242 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kyle T. Mincham ◽

Anya C. Jones ◽

Marie Bodinier ◽

Naomi M. Scott ◽

Jean-Francois Lauzon-Joset ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Postnatal Period ◽

Innate Immune ◽

Treatment Target ◽

Tissue Microenvironment ◽

Enhanced Resistance ◽

Pathogen Challenge ◽

Immunological Homeostasis ◽

Progenitor Compartment ◽

Airways Inflammation

AbstractWe recently reported that the offspring of mice treated during pregnancy with the microbial-derived immunomodulator OM-85 manifest striking resistance postnatally to allergic airways inflammation, and localised the potential treatment target to the fetal cDC progenitor compartment which expands to increase the pool of precursors available at birth, enabling accelerated postnatal seeding of the lung mucosal cDC network required for establishment of immunological homeostasis in the airways. Here, we profile maternal OM-85 treatment-associated transcriptomic signatures in fetal bone marrow, and identify a series of immunometabolic pathways which provide essential metabolites for accelerated myelopoiesis, that are hallmarks of classical “immune training”. In addition, the cDC progenitor compartment displayed treatment-associated activation of the XBP1-ERN1 signalling axis which has previously been shown to be essential for tissue survival of cDC, particularly within the lung microenvironment. Our forerunner studies indicate uniquely rapid turnover of airway mucosal cDCs at baseline, with further large-scale upregulation of population dynamics during aeroallergen and/or pathogen challenge. XBP1-ERN1 signalling plays a key role in mitigation of ER stress-associated toxicity which frequently accompanies DC hyper-activation during intense immunoinflammatory responses, and we suggest that enhanced capacity for XBP1-ERN1-dependent cDC survival within the airway mucosal tissue microenvironment may be a crucial element of the OM-85-mediated transplacental “innate immune training” process which results in enhanced resistance to airway inflammatory disease during the high-risk early postnatal period.

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Pre- and Neonatal Imprinting on Immunological Homeostasis and Epithelial Barrier Integrity by Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 Prevents Allergic Poly-Sensitization in Mice

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2020.612775 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Priya J. Sarate ◽

Dagmar Srutkova ◽

Nora Geissler ◽

Martin Schwarzer ◽

Irma Schabussova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Grass Pollen ◽

Allergic Airway Inflammation ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Lung Epithelial Cells ◽

Probiotic Bacteria ◽

Allergy Prevention ◽

Lactation Period ◽

Gnotobiotic Mice ◽

Immunological Homeostasis

A steady rise in the number of poly-sensitized patients has increased the demand for effective prophylactic strategies against multi-sensitivities. Probiotic bacteria have been successfully used in clinics and experimental models to prevent allergic mono-sensitization. In the present study, we have investigated whether probiotic bacteria could prevent poly-sensitization by imprinting on the immune system early in life. We used two recombinant variants of probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN): i) EcN expressing birch and grass pollen, poly-allergen chimera construct (EcN-Chim), and ii) an “empty” EcN without allergen expression (EcN-Ctrl). Conventional mice (CV) were treated with either EcN-Chim or EcN-Ctrl in the last week of the gestation and lactation period. Gnotobiotic mice received one oral dose of either EcN-Chim or EcN-Ctrl before mating. The offspring from both models underwent systemic allergic poly-sensitization and intranasal challenge with recombinant birch and grass pollen allergens (rBet v 1, rPhl p 1, and rPhl p 5). In the CV setting, the colonization of offspring via treatment of mothers reduced allergic airway inflammation (AAI) in offspring compared to poly-sensitized controls. Similarly, in a gnotobiotic model, AAI was reduced in EcN-Chim and EcN-Ctrl mono-colonized offspring. However, allergy prevention was more pronounced in the EcN-Ctrl mono-colonized offspring as compared to EcN-Chim. Mono-colonization with EcN-Ctrl was associated with a shift toward mixed Th1/Treg immune responses, increased expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in the lung, and maintained levels of zonulin-1 in lung epithelial cells as compared to GF poly-sensitized and EcN-Chim mono-colonized mice. This study is the first one to establish the model of allergic poly-sensitization in gnotobiotic mice. Using two different settings, gnotobiotic and conventional mice, we demonstrated that an early life intervention with the EcN without expressing an allergen is a powerful strategy to prevent poly-sensitization later in life.

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