scholarly journals The Effect of High-Fat Diet and Exercise Intervention on the TNF-α Level in Rat Spleen

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Feng ◽  
Yinan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Total Cell ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Abnormal Expression ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Α Level

High-fat diet (HFD) consumption can trigger chronic inflammation in some tissues. However, it remains unclear if HFD induces chronic inflammation in the spleen. This investigation aims to address the effect of HFD consumption and exercise intervention on the level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the spleen. Rats were subjected to HFD feeding and/or moderate-intensity treadmill running. The TNF-α levels in plasma and spleen were detected by ELISA. The mass and total cell numbers of the spleen were measured. In addition, the expression of TNF-α and its relevant gene mRNAs in macrophages from the spleen were analyzed by qRT-PCR. We found that HFD consumption did not significantly affect the mass and total cell numbers of the spleen. However, HFD consumption significantly increased splenic TNF-α level, the expression of TNF-α, toll-like receptor 4, and nuclear factor κB p65 mRNAs. In contrast, the expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 7 subunit (α7nAChR) mRNA in macrophages was downregulated. Additionally, exercise abolished the increase in splenic TNF-α level as well as the abnormal expression of TNF-α and related gene mRNAs in macrophages in HFD-fed rats. In conclusion, our results reveal that HFD consumption increases TNF-α level in the spleen, which is along with upregulation of the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB mRNAs as well as downregulation of the expression of α7nAChR mRNA in splenic macrophages in rats. Exercise abolished detrimental effects of HFD on TNF-α level in the spleen and prevented abnormal expression of these genes in the macrophages from rat spleen.

scholarly journals Green Coffee Extract Modifies Body Weight, Serum Lipids and TNF-α in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fajar Fitri ◽  
Zelly Dia Rofinda ◽  
Mohamad Reza ◽  
Cimi Ilmiawati
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Α Level

Abstract Objective: Currently there are many efforts to find functional nutrients for obesity management and green coffee extract is a potential candidate. This study aimed to examine the effect of green coffee extract on body weight, serum lipids and TNF-α level in obese rats. Results: Administration of green coffee extract to high-fat diet-induced male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) reduced body weight, serum total cholesterol, and triglyceride at the dose of 2, 4, and 8 mg/kgBW/day; lowered LDL-cholesterol and TNF-α at the dose of 4 mg/kgBW/day (p<0.05), in a dose–dependent manner. The effective dose to decrease serum TNF-α level was 4 mg/kgBW/day, while the effective dose to improve the lipid profile was 2 mg/kgBW/day. These results supported the potential use of green coffee extract as a functional nutrient in the management of obesity.

scholarly journals Green Coffee Extract Modifies Body Weight, Serum Lipids and TNF-α in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cimi Ilmiawati ◽  
Fajar Fitri ◽  
Zelly Dia Rofinda ◽  
Mohamad Reza
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Α Level

Abstract Objective: Currently, there are many efforts to find functional nutrients for obesity management, and the green coffee extract is a potential candidate. This study aimed to examine the effect of the green coffee extract on body weight, serum lipids, and TNF-α level in obese rats. Results: Administration of green coffee extract to high-fat diet-induced male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) reduced body weight, total serum cholesterol, and triglyceride at the dose of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg BW/day; lowered LDL-cholesterol at the treatment of 20 mg/kg BW/day (p<0.05). The effective dose to decrease serum TNF-α level was 40 mg/kg BW/day, while the effective dose to improve the lipid profile was 10 mg/kg BW/day. These results supported the potential use of green coffee extract as a functional nutrient in the management of obesity

scholarly journals Effects of 12 Weeks of Exercise on Hepatic TNF-α and PPARα in an Animal Model of High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Zhang ◽  
Yuxiu He ◽  
Pak Kwong Chung ◽  
Tom K. Tong ◽  
Frank H. Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tnf Α

scholarly journals The Effect of High-fat Diet and Exercise on KISS-1/GPR54 Expression in Testis of Growing Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junpeng Feng ◽  
Rui Xu ◽  
Yafei Li ◽  
Qishu Zhou ◽  
Ge Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Mrna Content ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Testis Tissue

Abstract Purpose: To find the expression of KISS-1 and G protein-coupled receptor 54 in rats testis from PND 21st to 56th. Method: 128 three-week-old weaned rats underwent high-fat diet and exercise (60%–70% VO2max, 1 h/day, 5 days/week) intervention and were randomly divided into group C, CE, HC, or HE. Sample time points were set on the PND 21st, 35th, 43rd, and 56th. The testicular testosterone and the mRNA content, and protein content of KISS-1 and GPR54 in testis tissue were detected by ELISA, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting. Result: (1) The protein of KISS-1 and GPR54 increased gradually during the growing period. KISS-1 mRNA peaked at 35D and GPR54 peaked at 43D. (2) High-fat diet affected the expression of the KISS-1/GPR54 system in rat testis and reduced the expression level of KISS-1 protein. (3) 60%–70% VO2max exercise decreased the KISS-1/GPR54 expression level. Exercise intervention improved testicular development in rats with a high-fat diet.Conclusion: The expression of KISS-1/GPR54 increased during the growing period. High-fat diet can downregulate the protein and gene expression of KISS-1/GPR54 and change the expression trend. 60%–70% VO2max exercise decreased the expression of KISS-1/GPR54, which may be involved in the effects of exercise on high-fat dietary sex hormone disorders.

scholarly journals Chlorogenic Acid and Geniposide Combination Prevents NASH in Rats Fed High-fat diet via Microbiota and TLR4-LPS Pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijia Zhou ◽  
Lingxia Xu ◽  
Shaoliang Zhang ◽  
Shilin Xu ◽  
Yanmiao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Factor Α

Abstract Objective: Chlorogenic acid and geniposide (CG) are derived from traditional Chinese medicine, Yinchenhao Recipe (QCHR), and can improve the clinical efficacy of NASH patients. This study investigated the effects of CG on NASH and expounded its Potential mechanism of action through the LPS-TLR4 pathway and microbiota. Methods: Rats were randomized into Control (C), Model (M), Chlorogenic Acid and Geniposide (CG), Pioglitazone (PH) and Bifico (B) groups. After an 8-week high-fat diet (HFD), CG, PH and B oral treatment were initiated and carried out for a further 8 weeks. The stool samples were used in a16S rDNA V4 highly variable region measurement method in order to regulate the role of CG in gut microbiota. The concentrations of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in LPS were detected by the corresponding methods. Results: Observations were made that CG significantly improved the pathology of the liver and terminal ileum tissue. The accumulation of TG and the content of inflammatory cytokines in the liver were significantly decreased and the abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly down-regulated. The expression of TLR4, AP-1, MyD88, and phosphorylated NF-κB p65 were significantly decreased. All the findings above indicated that CG was highly effective in improving the composition of gut microbiota, decreasing the production of endogenous LPS, and reducing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines through the gut-liver axis.Conclusion: CG can regulate the abundance and diversity of the intestinal microbial community and improve liver inflammation and steatosis in NASH rats by reducing LPS-TLR4-mediated inflammation.

The Effects of Yerba Maté (Ilex Paraguariensis) Consumption on IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10 Production by Bone Marrow Cells in Wistar Rats fed a High-Fat Diet

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Simão Carmo ◽  
Marcelo Macedo Rogero ◽  
Mayara Cortez ◽  
Monica Yamada ◽  
Patrícia Silva Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Marrow Cells

An excessive consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) results in becoming overweight or obese, which triggers a chronic inflammatory condition that is associated with a high white blood cell count. Because of the potential for yerba maté (Ilex paraguariensis) (YM) to impact obesity, this study aimed to investigate the effects of YM consumption on the hematological response and on the production of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-10 by bone marrow cells from Wistar rats fed a HFD. Male Wistar rats were fed a control (CON) or HFD diet for twelve weeks. At the end of this period, the rats received YM (1 g/kg/day body weight) for 4 weeks. After euthanasia, hemograms and myelograms were evaluated, while the bone marrow cells were cultured in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to evaluate the production of IL-1α, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10. The consumption of YM reduced the body weight, the body adiposity, and the cholesterol levels in HFD-fed rats. Bone marrow cells from the HFD group produced more IL-1α, IL-6, and TNF-α, and less IL-10, when compared to cells from the control group, and YM consumption reduced the IL-1α, IL-6, and TNF-α production by the cells. However, cells from the HFD rats that were stimulated with LPS increased their IL-1α, IL-6, and TNF-α production, but YM consumption did not change this result. In summary, the consumption of YM affects the production of IL-1α, IL-6, and TNF-α by bone marrow cells, promotes weight loss, decreases the number of white blood cells, and significantly improves serum cholesterol level in HFD-fed rats. However, the bone marrow cells from the HFD+YM-fed rats challenged with LPS did not show improvement in the inflammatory response compared to the cells from animals fed only a HFD that were also challenged with LPS.

Abstract 16456: Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Phenotypic Switch and Suppression of Atherosclerosis by c-Kit/SCF Expression in Hyperlipidemic Mice

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Song ◽  
Annia Mesa ◽  
Natasha Fernandez ◽  
Guillermo Selman ◽  
Nieves Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Phenotypic Switching ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Phenotypic Switch ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Synthetic Phenotype ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Introduction: This study provides our novel evidence that stem cell factor (SCF) receptor c-Kit regulates vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype and is potently anti-atherogenic. Methods and Results: Atherosclerotic plaque was quantified in transgenic mice deficient for c-Kit (c-Kit W/Wv ApoE -/- ) or SCF (c-Kitl sl /+ ApoE -/- ) after 16 weeks of high fat diet (HFD). Both mutant strains displayed substantially greater atherosclerosis compared with control (ApoE -/- ) littermates ( p <0.01 and <0.05 respectively). Transplantation of c-Kit positive bone marrow into c-Kit W/Wv ApoE -/- mice failed to rescue the atherogenic phenotype indicating that increased atherosclerosis was associated with reduced arterial c-Kit. To investigate the mechanism, SMC organization and morphology were analyzed in aorta by histopathology and electron microscopy. Remarkably, SMCs were more abundant, disorganized and vacuolated in aortas of c-Kit mutant mice compared with controls ( p <0.05). Markers of the “contractile” SMC phenotype (Calponin, SM22α) were downregulated in parallel with decreased c-Kit ( p <0.05). Reconstitution of c-Kit in synthetic cultured SMCs conferred increased spindle-shaped morphology, reduced proliferation and elevated levels of contractile markers Calponin and SM22α, each characteristic of a resumed contractile phenotype ( p <0.05). Conversely, aortas of c-Kit W/Wv ApoE -/- accumulated more pro-inflammatory cytokines (MCP-1, RANTES, MIP-1β, G-CSF, p <0.01) and elevated monocytes compared with control mice treated equivalently. Additionally, quantitative mRNA screening and western blot analysis revealed elevated levels of atherosclerotic and inflammatory biomarkers Toll Like Receptors (TLR4, 6, 9) and TNF-α in cultures of c-Kit W/Wv VS c-Kit +/+ SMC. Conclusion: c-Kit/SCF expression prevents phenotypic switching of contractile SMC to the pro-inflammatory, synthetic phenotype and markedly suppresses atherosclerosis in this murine model.

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