scholarly journals Flame Retarded Rigid Polyurethane Foams Composites Modified by Aluminum Diethylphosphinate and Expanded Graphite

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxiang Hu ◽  
Zijian Zhou ◽  
Shuisheng Li ◽  
Dong Yang ◽  
Shui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Expanded Graphite ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Fire Performance ◽  
Building Insulation ◽  
Flame Retarded ◽  
One Step ◽  
Combustible Gases

Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) was an organic porous material, which was applied in many fields for excellent thermal insulation and mechanical properties, especially in building insulation. However, the poor fire performance significantly suppresses its further application. In this work, aluminum diethylphosphinate (ADP) combined with expanded graphite (EG) to form a synergistic flame retarded system, which was introduced to fabricate flame retarded rigid polyurethane foam composites (FR-RPUF) by one-step water-blown method. Furthermore, thermal insulation, thermal stability, fire performance, and decomposition products of RPUF and FR-RPUF composites were systematically investigated. It was found that FR-RPUF composites possessed LOI of 25.9 vol% with V-1 rating in UL-94 test when 10 php of ADP and 20 php of EG were added, which were better than RPUF composites with ADP or EG added alone. MCC test showed that RPUF/ADP24/EG6 had the lowest PHRR value of 159.85 W/g, which was 52.01 W/g lower than that of pure RPUF. Gas phase products investigation implied that the combination of ADP and EG could decrease toxic and combustible gases intensities, thus significantly enhancing fire safety of FR-RPUF composites. SEM test indicated that ADP and EG promoted the formation of dense and continuous char residue, which significantly inhibited heat and substance transfer in combustion, thus significantly enhancing fire performance of FR-RPUF composites.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Fire Safety and Smoke Safety of Bio–Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam via Inserting a Reactive Flame Retardant Containing P@N and Blending Silica Aerogel Powder

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2140
Author(s):  
Guangxu Bo ◽  
Xiaoling Xu ◽  
Xiaoke Tian ◽  
Jiao Wu ◽  
Yunjun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Silica Aerogel ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Total Heat Release ◽  
Building Insulation ◽  
Reactive Flame Retardant

Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) are widely used in many fields, but they are easy to burn and produce a lot of smoke, which seriously endangers the safety of people’s lives and property. In this study, tetraethyl(1,5–bis(bis(2–hydroxypropyl)amino)pentane–1,5–diyl)bis(phosphonate) (TBPBP), as a phosphorus–nitrogen–containing reactive–type flame retardant, was successfully synthesized and employed to enhance the flame retardancy of RPUFs, and silica aerogel (SA) powder was utilized to reduce harmful fumes. Castor oil–based rigid polyurethane foam containing SA powder and TBPBP was named RPUF–T45@SA20. Compared with neat RPUF, the obtained RPUF–T45@SA20 greatly improved with the compressive strength properties and the LOI value increased by 93.64% and 44.27%, respectively, and reached the V–0 rank of UL–94 testing. The total heat release (THR) and total smoke production (TSP) of RPUF–T45@SA20 were, respectively, reduced by 44.66% and 51.89% compared to those of the neat RPUF. A possible flame–retardant mechanism of RPUF–T45@SA20 was also proposed. This study suggested that RPUF incorporated with TBPBP and SA powder is a prosperous potential composite for fire and smoke safety as a building insulation material.

Synthesis and Characterization of Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Varying Amount of Blowing Agent

2019 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 346-350
Author(s):  
Jessalyn C. Grumo ◽  
Lady Jaharah Y. Jabber ◽  
Arnold A. Lubguban ◽  
Rey Y. Capangpangan ◽  
Arnold C. Alguno
Keyword(s):  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Average Cell Size ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Blowing Agent

We report on the rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) with varying amount of blowing agent. The effects of blowing agent in the formation of polyurethane will be characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. SEM images revealed that varying the amount of blowing agent will significantly change the surface morphology of the resulting RPUF. The average cell size of the RPUF increases with increasing amount of blowing agent. Moreover, FTIR results revealed the presence of functional group related to formation of urethane bonds such as N-H, C=O, C=N and C-O-C stretching suggesting that polyurethane foam was successfully synthesized. This simple and straightforward process of RPUF using water as blowing agent will be economical.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a DOPO-triazine additive and its flame-retardant effect in rigid polyurethane foam

e-Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Liu ◽  
Rui Lv
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Flame Resistance ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Flame Retarded ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Halogen Free

AbstractA DOPO (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphen-anthrene-10-oxide)-based halogen-free flame retardant (ODOPM-CYC) was synthesized and incorporated in rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF). The structure of ODOPM-CYC was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), 1H NMR and 31P NMR. The effects of ODOPM-CYC on the flame resistance, mechanical performances, thermal properties and cell structure of RPUF were also investigated. The results showed that the incorporation of ODOPM-CYC strikingly enhanced flame retardant properties of RPUF. The flame retarded RPUF acquired a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 26% and achieved UL-94 V-0 rating with the phosphorus content of 3 wt%. The smoke production rate (SPR) also showed an obvious decrease and total smoke release (TSR) was 39.8% lower than that of neat RPUF. Besides, the results demonstrated that the incorporation of ODOPM-CYC provided RPUF better thermal stability but did not show any obvious influence on its thermal conductivity.

Preparation of open cell rigid polyurethane foams and modified with organo-kaolin

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-447
Author(s):  
Guojian Wang ◽  
Tao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Silane Coupling Agent ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Compressive Property ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Open Cell ◽  
Silane Coupling ◽  
Cell Opening

The open cell rigid polyurethane foam (ORPUF) was prepared by adding chemical cell openers including O-500 and AK-9903. The FTIR results of cell openers and open cell rate of ORPUFs showed that O-500 has more effective cell opening capacity. In the ORPUF foaming formulation using O-500 as cell opener, silane coupling agent (KH-550) modified kaolin (organo-kaolin) was introduced into ORPUF with different weight loadings. The cellular morphology, apparent density, and compressive strength of the foams were tested in order to investigate the effects of organo-kaolin on the open cell rate and compressive property of the foams. The results showed that the open cell rate of ORPUFs slightly increased from 83.9% to 92.9% with the content of organo-kaolin. Meanwhile, compared to neat ORPUF, the compressive strength of foams increased by 72.8% when the content of introduced organo-kaolin was 4 parts per hundred of polyol by mass (php).

Research on Impact Factors of Thermal Insulation Material Based on Grey Relational Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 328-330 ◽  
pp. 1377-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Gang Zhao ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Shi Xiang Pan
Keyword(s):  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Insulation Quality

According to application of thermal insulation materials in the practical construction of electrical heat tracing in viscous oil pipeline, impact factors of rigid polyurethane foam widely used as new insulation material are systemically analyzed by Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) in the theory of Grey System to find out priorities among those factors. To further study their performances and to improve the quality of constructions, ten field experiments were carried out in Tanggula Mountain. The foaming conditions and the performances of the rigid polyurethane foam were recorded to be analyzed by GRA. The analysis results, acting as scientific guidance for construction, show that the insulation quality of rigid polyurethane foam is mainly determined by the ratio of components, thus the priority is to control such dominant factor and overall consideration of other factors should be taken to ensure insulation quality in the foaming process. More field experiments prove that the ratio should be controlled between 1.15 and 1.18 to ensure the thermal insulation.

Fire-performance of a ventilated facade insulated with a B2-classified rigid polyurethane foam

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. F. Jeffs ◽  
H. G. Klingelhöfer ◽  
F. H. Prager ◽  
H. Rosteck
Keyword(s):  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Fire Performance ◽  
Ventilated Facade

Applications of Rigid Polyurethane Foam Insulation Materials in Architectural Energy Conservation

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 1783-1785
Author(s):  
Xiao Ying Zhang ◽  
Guo Hui Wang ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
Ying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Price ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Smoke Toxicity ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Paper Briefly

This paper briefly introduces the main properties and four systems of rigid polyurethane thermal insulation foam intended for use in buildings for energy conservation purposes, and application development at home and abroad. Although the applications of polyurethane are widespread in architectural energy conservation, there are some problems just as high price, smoke toxicity, fire safety and so on thus it still occupies a small proportion in buildings for energy conservation purposes. It is no doubt that the function with high efficiency of thermal insulation, fireproof and low smoke density of rigid polyurethane foam conservation products is our goal.

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