scholarly journals CERN-MEDICIS: A Review Since Commissioning in 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Duchemin ◽  
Joao P. Ramos ◽  
Thierry Stora ◽  
Essraa Ahmed ◽  
Elodie Aubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
High Specific Activity ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Mass Separation ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Laser Ion Source ◽  
Isotope Separator

The CERN-MEDICIS (MEDical Isotopes Collected from ISolde) facility has delivered its first radioactive ion beam at CERN (Switzerland) in December 2017 to support the research and development in nuclear medicine using non-conventional radionuclides. Since then, fourteen institutes, including CERN, have joined the collaboration to drive the scientific program of this unique installation and evaluate the needs of the community to improve the research in imaging, diagnostics, radiation therapy and personalized medicine. The facility has been built as an extension of the ISOLDE (Isotope Separator On Line DEvice) facility at CERN. Handling of open radioisotope sources is made possible thanks to its Radiological Controlled Area and laboratory. Targets are being irradiated by the 1.4 GeV proton beam delivered by the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB) on a station placed between the High Resolution Separator (HRS) ISOLDE target station and its beam dump. Irradiated target materials are also received from external institutes to undergo mass separation at CERN-MEDICIS. All targets are handled via a remote handling system and exploited on a dedicated isotope separator beamline. To allow for the release and collection of a specific radionuclide of medical interest, each target is heated to temperatures of up to 2,300°C. The created ions are extracted and accelerated to an energy up to 60 kV, and the beam steered through an off-line sector field magnet mass separator. This is followed by the extraction of the radionuclide of interest through mass separation and its subsequent implantation into a collection foil. In addition, the MELISSA (MEDICIS Laser Ion Source Setup At CERN) laser laboratory, in service since April 2019, helps to increase the separation efficiency and the selectivity. After collection, the implanted radionuclides are dispatched to the biomedical research centers, participating in the CERN-MEDICIS collaboration, for Research & Development in imaging or treatment. Since its commissioning, the CERN-MEDICIS facility has provided its partner institutes with non-conventional medical radionuclides such as Tb-149, Tb-152, Tb-155, Sm-153, Tm-165, Tm-167, Er-169, Yb-175, and Ac-225 with a high specific activity. This article provides a review of the achievements and milestones of CERN-MEDICIS since it has produced its first radioactive isotope in December 2017, with a special focus on its most recent operation in 2020.

scholarly journals Production of Sm-153 With Very High Specific Activity for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel Van de Voorde ◽  
Charlotte Duchemin ◽  
Reinhard Heinke ◽  
Laura Lambert ◽  
Eric Chevallay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Irradiation ◽  
Radionuclide Therapy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
High Specific Activity ◽  
Mass Separation ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Targeted Radionuclide Therapy ◽  
Very High

Samarium-153 (153Sm) is a highly interesting radionuclide within the field of targeted radionuclide therapy because of its favorable decay characteristics. 153Sm has a half-life of 1.93 d and decays into a stable daughter nuclide (153Eu) whereupon β− particles [E = 705 keV (30%), 635 keV (50%)] are emitted which are suitable for therapy. 153Sm also emits γ photons [103 keV (28%)] allowing for SPECT imaging, which is of value in theranostics. However, the full potential of 153Sm in nuclear medicine is currently not being exploited because of the radionuclide's limited specific activity due to its carrier added production route. In this work a new production method was developed to produce 153Sm with higher specific activity, allowing for its potential use in targeted radionuclide therapy. 153Sm was efficiently produced via neutron irradiation of a highly enriched 152Sm target (98.7% enriched, σth = 206 b) in the BR2 reactor at SCK CEN. Irradiated target materials were shipped to CERN-MEDICIS, where 153Sm was isolated from the 152Sm target via mass separation (MS) in combination with laser resonance enhanced ionization to drastically increase the specific activity. The specific activity obtained was 1.87 TBq/mg (≈ 265 times higher after the end of irradiation in BR2 + cooling). An overall mass separation efficiency of 4.5% was reached on average for all mass separations. Further radiochemical purification steps were developed at SCK CEN to recover the 153Sm from the MS target to yield a solution ready for radiolabeling. Each step of the radiochemical process was fully analyzed and characterized for further optimization resulting in a high efficiency (overall recovery: 84%). The obtained high specific activity (HSA) 153Sm was then used in radiolabeling experiments with different concentrations of 4-isothiocyanatobenzyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (p-SCN-Bn-DOTA). Even at low concentrations of p-SCN-Bn-DOTA, radiolabeling of 0.5 MBq of HSA 153Sm was found to be efficient. In this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrated the potential to combine neutron irradiation with mass separation to supply high specific activity 153Sm. Using this process, 153SmCl3 suitable for radiolabeling, was produced with a very high specific activity allowing application of 153Sm in targeted radionuclide therapy. Further studies to incorporate 153Sm in radiopharmaceuticals for targeted radionuclide therapy are ongoing.

scholarly journals The CERN-MEDICIS Isotope Separator Beamline

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yisel Martinez Palenzuela ◽  
Vincent Barozier ◽  
Eric Chevallay ◽  
Thomas E. Cocolios ◽  
Charlotte Duchemin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Mass Separation ◽  
Isotope Separator ◽  
Dipole Magnet ◽  
Transport Efficiency ◽  
Ion Extraction ◽  
Magnetic Field Modeling ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Photo Ionization

CERN-MEDICIS is an off-line isotope separator facility for the extraction of radioisotopes from irradiated targets of interest to medical applications. The beamline, between the ion source and the collection chamber, consists of ion extraction and focusing elements, and a dipole magnet mass spectrometer recovered from the LISOL facility in Louvain-la-Neuve. The latter has been modified for compatibility with MEDICIS, including the installation of a window for injecting laser light into the ion source for resonance photo-ionization. Ion beam optics and magnetic field modeling using SIMION and OPERA respectively were performed for the design and characterization of the beamline. The individual components and their optimal configuration in terms of ion beam extraction, mass separation, and ion transport efficiency is described, along with details of the commissioning and initial performance assessment with stable ion beams.

scholarly journals SPES: EXOTIC BEAMS FOR NUCLEAR PHYSICS STUDIES

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 1460145 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALBERTO ANDRIGHETTO ◽  
MATTIA MANZOLARO ◽  
STEFANO CORRADETTI ◽  
DANIELE SCARPA ◽  
JESU VASQUEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Laser Ion Source ◽  
The Status ◽  
Direct Target ◽  
Neutron Rich Isotopes ◽  
Plasma Ion Source

The SPES project at Laboratori di Legnaro of INFN (Italy) is concentrating on the production of neutron-rich radioactive nuclei for nuclear physics experiments using uranium fission at a rate of 1013 fission/s. The emphasis on neutron-rich isotopes is justified by the fact that this vast territory has been little explored. The Radioactive Ion Beam (RIB) will be produced by the ISOL technique using proton induced fission on a direct target of UCx. The most critical element of the SPES project is the Multi-Foil Direct Target. Up to the present time, the proposed target represents an innovation in terms of its capability to sustain the primary beam power. This talk will present the status of the project financed by INFN, which is actually in the construction phase at Legnaro. In particular, developments related to the target and the ion-source activities using the surface ion source, plasma ion source, and laser ion source techniques will be reported.

Laser ion source development at Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 02A904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Liu ◽  
T. Gottwald ◽  
C. C. Havener ◽  
J. Y. Howe ◽  
J. Kiggans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Laser Ion Source ◽  
Radioactive Ion Beam

Gas-discharge ion sources for electromagnetic mass separation on a heavy-ion beam II. operating speed of ion source

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 999-1000
Author(s):  
A. P. Kabachenko ◽  
I. V. Kuznetsov ◽  
Li Hen Su ◽  
N. I. Tarantin
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gas Discharge ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Ion Sources ◽  
Mass Separation ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
Electromagnetic Mass ◽  
Heavy Ion Beam

scholarly journals Laser ion source of multicharged ions for ITEP accumulator facility

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.D. MESCHERYAKOV ◽  
N.N. ALEXEEV ◽  
A.N. BALABAEV ◽  
S.A. KONDRASHEV ◽  
K.V. KONYUKOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Laser Cavity ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Target Chamber ◽  
Laser Ion Source ◽  
State Institute ◽  
Energy Beam ◽  
Term Operation

In this article, we present the results of the laser ion source (LIS) for heavy ion high charge state Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics terawatt accumulator facility. This LIS is a duty ion source of C+4 for the injector. The main parameters of CO2 laser, vacuum target chamber, ion beam high voltage extraction system, and low energy beam transport line are shown. The stability of the LIS operation is discussed and measured ion beam parameters (ion current, pulse duration, emittance) for different charge states are presented. After the upgrading of the laser cavity, high voltage capacitors, and spark gaps and the installation of a new catalyst regenerator system, the CO2 laser became much more stable and allows long term operation. LIS works about 1 × 106 shots without intervention.

Laser ion source for the Leuven Isotope Separator On‐Line

1996 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 938-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Kudryavtsev ◽  
J. Andrzejewski ◽  
N. Bijnens ◽  
S. Franchoo ◽  
M. Huyse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Source ◽  
Laser Ion Source ◽  
Isotope Separator ◽  
On Line
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