Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Non-infectious Uveitis: A Systematic Review

Purpose: Non-infectious uveitis is a leading cause of vision loss in the developed world. The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the epidemiology and risk factors of non-infectious uveitis over the last 50 years.Methods: A systematic literature search of Pubmed/MEDLINE database was performed in the 50-year period from January 1971 to January 2021, according to the PRISMA guidelines. Studies that assessed the epidemiology and risk factors for non-infectious uveitis were included.Results: Few epidemiologic studies focus specifically on non-infectious uveitis. In the Unites States, the estimated prevalence of non-infectious uveitis is 121/100,000. The incidence and prevalence varies considerably worldwide. Females and the working age group (20–50 years) appear to be the most affected. Smoking and vitamin D deficiency are the biggest risk factors for non-infectious uveitis, while pregnancy appears to be protective. Additional risk factors include presence of other autoimmune diseases (thyroid disease, diabetes, celiac), pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, psychological stress, and certain medications (bisphosphonates, immune checkpoint inhibitors, female hormone therapy, and etanercept).Discussion: Our systematic review summarizes the incidence and prevalence of non-infectious uveitis and associated modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.

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Behavioural Interventions for Obese Adults with Additional Risk Factors for Morbidity: Systematic Review of Effects on Behaviour, Weight and Disease Risk Factors

Obesity Facts ◽

10.1159/000323076 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 377-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Stephan U. Dombrowski ◽

Alison Avenell ◽

Falko F. Sniehott

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Additional Risk ◽

Behavioural Interventions

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Identifying active ingredients in complex behavioural interventions for obese adults with obesity-related co-morbidities or additional risk factors for co-morbidities: a systematic review

Health Psychology Review ◽

10.1080/17437199.2010.513298 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 7-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 244

Author(s):

Stephan U. Dombrowski ◽

Falko F. Sniehotta ◽

Alison Avenell ◽

Marie Johnston ◽

Graeme MacLennan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Active Ingredients ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Additional Risk ◽

Behavioural Interventions

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T1146 A Systematic Review of the Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Complications Among Patients on Low-Dose Aspirin With Additional Risk Factors

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(10)62301-3 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 138 (5) ◽

pp. S-498

Author(s):

Angel Lanas ◽

Katherine Osenenko ◽

Jennie Medin ◽

Adrian R. Levy

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Low Dose ◽

Gastrointestinal Complications ◽

Additional Risk ◽

Dose Aspirin ◽

Low Dose Aspirin ◽

Upper Gastrointestinal

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Risk factors for adverse events induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy ◽

10.1007/s00262-021-02996-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

E. Suazo-Zepeda ◽

M. Bokern ◽

P. C. Vinke ◽

T. J. N. Hiltermann ◽

G. H. de Bock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Immune Checkpoint ◽

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽

Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽

Small Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can cause serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs). This study aimed to identify risk factors for all types of irAEs induced by ICIs in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), by systematic review and meta-analyses. Methods A systematic search was performed in Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science by two independent reviewers. Studies were selected that included patients with NSCLC and evaluated characteristics of patients with and without irAEs induced by ICIs. Quality and risk of bias of the selected studies were assessed. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) for risk factors of developing all type of irAEs, and separately for pneumonitis, interstitial lung disease and severe irAEs. With the objective of exploring sources of heterogeneity, stratified analyses were performed by quality and region. Results 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. In total, the data of 6696 patients were pooled. 33 different risk factors for irAEs were reported. irAEs of interest were reported for 1653 (25%) of the patients. Risk factors related to the development of irAEs were: C-reactive protein, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), use of PD-1 inhibitor, high PD-L1 expression, an active or former smoking status, ground glass attenuation, and a better treatment response. Conclusion The identified risk factors for the development of these irAEs are mostly related to the alteration of the immune system, proinflammatory states and loss of immunological self-tolerance. Patients identified as having a higher risk for irAEs should be monitored more closely.

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Effectiveness of the Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant for Treatment of Patients with Diabetic Macular Oedema

European Ophthalmic Review ◽

10.17925/eor.2014.08.01.67 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 08 (01) ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

Marco Dutra Medeiros ◽

Micol Alkabes ◽

Paolo Nucci ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Macular Oedema ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Diabetic Macular Oedema ◽

Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Intravitreal Implant ◽

Working Age ◽

Infectious Uveitis ◽

Corticosteroid Drugs ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is a leading cause of vision loss in the working-age population worldwide. Corticosteroid drugs have been demonstrated to inhibit the expression of both the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene and other anti-inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandins. Triamcinolone, fluocinolone and dexamethasone are the main steroids that have been studied for the treatment of macular oedema. Over the last few years, several studies have suggested an important role for dexamethasone in the management of DMO. The dexamethasone intravitreal implant (DEX implant) (Ozurdex®; Allergan, Inc., Irvine, CA) is a novel approach approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and by the EU for the intravitreal treatment of macular oedema after branch or central retinal vein occlusion, and for the treatment of non-infectious uveitis affecting the posterior segment of the eye. We reviewed manuscripts that had investigated the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of the DEX implant regarding DMO treatment.

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Effectiveness of the Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant for Treatment of Patients with Diabetic Macular Oedema

European Endocrinology ◽

10.17925/ee.2014.10.02.111 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 111 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marco Dutra Medeiros ◽

Micol Alkabes ◽

Paolo Nucci ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Macular Oedema ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Diabetic Macular Oedema ◽

Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Intravitreal Implant ◽

Working Age ◽

Infectious Uveitis ◽

Corticosteroid Drugs ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

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Prognostic Value and Risk Factors of Treatment-Related Lymphopenia in Malignant Glioma Patients Treated With Chemoradiotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.726561 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yongchao Zhang ◽

Shichao Chen ◽

Hualei Chen ◽

Shanshan Chen ◽

Zhen Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cancer Control ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Poor Overall Survival ◽

Lower Baseline ◽

Circulating Lymphocytes ◽

The Impact

Background: Immunotherapy has shown promising therapeutic efficacy in various cancers but not gliomas. Circulating lymphocytes play critical roles in cancer control and responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Treatment-related lymphopenia has been associated with poor survival in patients with various tumors. This meta-analysis evaluated the risk and impact of lymphopenia in patients with glioma.Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were comprehensively searched. Eligible studies were included if they reported the incidence and risk factors of lymphopenia and the impact of lymphopenia on survival. Stata 16.0 was used for this meta-analysis.Results: A total of 21 studies were included in the final systematic review and 20 were included in the quantitative analysis. The overall incidence of grade III/IV lymphopenia was 31.6% [95% confidence interval (CI), 22.3–40.8%]. Pooled results based on pathology of glioma revealed that the incidence in astrocytoma and astrocytoma oligodendroglioma patients was 20.2% (95% CI:5.9–34.4%), and the incidence in glioblastoma patients was 27.6% (95% CI:16.2–38.9%). Lymphopenia was associated with poor overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.74–2.27; P< 0.001) compared to no lymphopenia. Brain receiving radiation dose of 20 or 25 Gy, female sex, older age, lower baseline lymphocyte count, and dexamethasone dose > 2 mg instead of baseline use were risk factors for lymphopenia.Conclusions: Treatment-related lymphopenia was associated with decreased survival in patients with glioma. Optimization of chemoradiation regimens, particularly in patients with concurrent risk factors, can reduce lymphopenia and potentially improve survival in the era of immunotherapy.

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