scholarly journals Potential Value of Expiratory CT in Quantitative Assessment of Pulmonary Vessels in COPD

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianxian Cao ◽  
Xiaoyan Gao ◽  
Nan Yu ◽  
Meijuan Shi ◽  
Xia Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Airway Wall ◽  
Airway Wall Thickness ◽  
Gold Stage ◽  
Copd Patients

Objective: To investigate the associations between intrapulmonary vascular volume (IPVV) depicted on inspiratory and expiratory CT scans and disease severity in COPD patients, and to determine which CT parameters can be used to predict IPVV.Methods: We retrospectively collected 89 CT examinations acquired on COPD patients from an available database. All subjects underwent both inspiratory and expiratory CT scans. We quantified the IPVV, airway wall thickness (WT), the percentage of the airway wall area (WA%), and the extent of emphysema (LAA%−950) using an available pulmonary image analysis tool. The underlying relationship between IPVV and COPD severity, which was defined as mild COPD (GOLD stage I and II) and severe COPD (GOLD stage III and IV), was analyzed using the Student's t-test (or Mann-Whitney U-test). The correlations of IPVV with pulmonary function tests (PFTs), LAA%−950, and airway parameters for the third to sixth generation bronchus were analyzed using the Pearson or Spearman's rank correlation coefficients and multiple stepwise regression.Results: In the subgroup with only inspiratory examinations, the correlation coefficients between IPVV and PFT measures were −0.215 ~ −0.292 (p < 0.05), the correlation coefficients between IPVV and WT3−6 were 0.233 ~ 0.557 (p < 0.05), and the correlation coefficient between IPVV and LAA%−950 were 0.238 ~ 0.409 (p < 0.05). In the subgroup with only expiratory scan, the correlation coefficients between IPVV and PFT measures were −0.238 ~ −0.360 (p < 0.05), the correlation coefficients between IPVV and WT3−6 were 0.260 ~ 0.566 (p < 0.05), and the correlation coefficient between IPVV and LAA%−950 were 0.241 ~ 0.362 (p < 0.05). The multiple stepwise regression analyses demonstrated that WT were independently associated with IPVV (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The expiratory CT scans can provide a more accurate assessment of COPD than the inspiratory CT scans, and the airway wall thickness maybe an independent predictor of pulmonary vascular alteration in patients with COPD.

scholarly journals Diffusion capacity and CT measures of emphysema and airway wall thickness – relation to arterial oxygen tension in COPD patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirunn Waatevik Saure ◽  
Per Sigvald Bakke ◽  
Tomas Mikal Lind Eagan ◽  
Marianne Aanerud ◽  
Robert Leroy Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Tension ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Airway Wall ◽  
Diffusion Capacity ◽  
Airway Wall Thickness ◽  
Copd Patients

scholarly journals Effect of smoking cessation on CT imaging in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl Cheng ◽  
Siddharth Agarwal ◽  
Joseph Jacob ◽  
John R Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Airway Wall ◽  
Lung Density ◽  
Airway Wall Thickness ◽  
Copd Patients

AbstractBackgroundSmoking cessation is the only intervention known to affect disease progression in patients with COPD as measured by the rate of change in forced expiratory volume/1s (FEV1) over time. The need for new drugs to modify the progression of COPD is well recognised. We hypothesised that changes on CT in relation to smoking cessation may relate to changes in response to disease-modifying drugs, and therefore as a novel quantitative biomarker of drug efficacy. CT biomarkers of emphysema and airway wall thickness are increasingly used in research, but there has not been a systematic appraisal of the evidence to assess how these biomarkers evolve with a change in smoking exposure in COPD patients.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)), and Web of Science to 10th September 2019. We included longitudinal studies of smoking COPD patients who had CT scans before and after smoking cessation. Two review authors (DC, SA) independently screened studies, extracted outcome data and assessed the risk of bias, with a third reviewer (JRH) arbitrating conflicts.ResultsFour studies were included in the final analysis. Three studies measured CT markers of lung density, which all, perhaps counter-intuitively, showed a significant decrease with smoking cessation. One study measured CT markers of airway wall thickness, which also significantly decreased with smoking cessation.Authors’ conclusionsSmoking cessation in COPD patients causes a fall in lung density, but the magnitude of the effect has not been rigorously assessed. One study has reported a decrease in airway wall thickness with smoking cessation. The number of studies is small, with some risk of bias. This question remains important for COPD researchers and requires further studies, in particular to assess whether changes with smoking cessation may model changes in response to novel pharmaceutical agents, and how to handle change in smoking status in relation to longitudinal observational imaging studies in COPD.

MDCT assessment of airway wall thickness in COPD patients using a new method: correlations with pulmonary function tests

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2731-2738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Achenbach ◽  
Oliver Weinheimer ◽  
Alexander Biedermann ◽  
Sabine Schmitt ◽  
Daniela Freudenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
New Method ◽  
Airway Wall ◽  
Airway Wall Thickness ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Copd Patients

scholarly journals Airway wall thickness is increased in COPD patients with bronchodilator responsiveness

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Kim ◽  
Parag Desai ◽  
John D Newell ◽  
Barry J Make ◽  
George R Washko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Airway Wall ◽  
Airway Wall Thickness ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Bronchodilator Responsiveness

Asthma with Irreversible Airway Obstruction in Smokers and Nonsmokers: Links between Airway Inflammation and Structural Changes

Respiration ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Louis-Philippe Boulet ◽  
Marie-Eve Boulay ◽  
Harvey O. Coxson ◽  
Cameron J. Hague ◽  
Joanne Milot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Airway Wall ◽  
Tobacco Exposure ◽  
Airway Wall Thickness ◽  
Irreversible Airway Obstruction

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The development of irreversible airway obstruction (IRAO) in asthma is related to lung/airway inflammatory and structural changes whose characteristics are likely influenced by exposure to tobacco smoke. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To investigate the interplay between airway and lung structural changes, airway inflammation, and smoking exposure in asthmatics with IRAO. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We studied asthmatics with IRAO who were further classified according to their smoking history, those with ≥20 pack-years of tobacco exposure (asthmatics with smoking-related IRAO [AwS-IRAO]) and those with &#x3c;5 pack-years of tobacco exposure (asthmatics with nonsmoking-related IRAO [AwNS-IRAO]). In addition to recording baseline clinical and lung function features, all patients had a chest computed tomography (CT) from which airway wall thickness was measured and quantitative and qualitative assessment of emphysema was performed. The airway inflammatory profile was documented from differential inflammatory cell counts on induced sputum. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Ninety patients were recruited (57 AwS-IRAO and 33 AwNS-IRAO). There were no statistically significant differences in the extent of emphysema and gas trapping between groups on quantitative chest CT analysis, although Pi10, a marker of airway wall thickness, was significantly higher in AwS-IRAO (<i>p</i> = 0.0242). Visual analysis showed a higher prevalence of emphysema (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) and higher emphysema score (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001) in AwS-IRAO compared to AwNS-IRAO and distribution of emphysema was different between groups. Correlations between radiological features and lung function were stronger in AwS-IRAO. In a subgroup analysis, we found a correlation between airway neutrophilia and emphysematous features in AwS-IRAO and between eosinophilia and both airway wall thickness and emphysematous changes in AwNS-IRAO. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Although bronchial structural changes were relatively similar in smoking and nonsmoking patients with asthma and IRAO, emphysematous changes were more predominant in smokers. However, neutrophils in AwS-IRAO and eosinophils in AwNS-IRAO were associated with lung and airway structural changes.

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