scholarly journals A Novel In-House Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Genotype 3 Hepatitis E Virus Reveals High Seroprevalence in Blood Donors in Northern Argentina

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Paola Arce ◽  
Melisa Florencia Müller ◽  
Alfredo Martinez ◽  
Armin Baiker ◽  
Gabriela Marranzino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Genotype 3

scholarly journals Good Performance of Immunoglobulin M Assays in Diagnosing Genotype 3 Hepatitis E Virus Infections

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 772-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Legrand-Abravanel ◽  
Isabelle Thevenet ◽  
Jean-Michel Mansuy ◽  
Karine Saune ◽  
Françoise Vischi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Genotype 3

ABSTRACT We have evaluated three anti-hepatitis E virus (anti-HEV) immunoglobulin M (IgM) assays, the EIAgen HEV IgM assay (Adaltis), the HEV IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 3.0, and the Assure HEV IgM rapid test (MP Diagnostics), for the routine detection of acute genotype 3 HEV. Their sensitivities were fairly good (90%, 88%, and 82%), and their specificities were excellent (100%, 99.5%, and 100%).

scholarly journals Prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies in Serbian blood donors

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1322-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamaš Petrović ◽  
Diana Lupulović ◽  
Nereida Jiménez de Oya ◽  
Svetlana Vojvodić ◽  
Ana-Belén Blázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Introduction: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is rarely reported in industrialized countries, but recent studies have revealed quite variable seroprevalence rates among European populations, including blood donors. In Serbia, very limited data about HEV seroprevalence are available. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anti-HEV IgG antibodies and HEV RNA in the sera of volunteer blood donors in Serbia. Methodology: Serum samples from 200 volunteer blood donors were tested for the presence of anti-HEV IgG by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using ORF-2 HEV genotype 3 recombinant proteins as antigen, and for the presence of HEV RNA by nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: In total, 15% of the volunteer blood donors were seropositive. The prevalence increased with age; 21.5%, 14.2%, and 5.4% HEV seroprevalence rates were found in individuals older than 51 years, between 31 and 50 years, and in those younger than 30 years of age, respectively. However, no HEV RNA was detected in any of the individuals analyzed. Conclusions: The prevalence of anti-HEV IgG among blood donors as representatives of the general population is quite high in Serbia compared to data from many European countries. One of the reasons for this could be the high prevalence of HEV among Serbian pigs and the traditional consumption of piglet meat in the country. The relatively high HEV seroprevalence found among Serbian blood donors indicates the need for further investigation.

scholarly journals Hepatitis E Virus Occurrence in Pigs Slaughtered in Italy

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Eleonora Chelli ◽  
Elisabetta Suffredini ◽  
Paola De Santis ◽  
Dario De Medici ◽  
Santina Di Bella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Wild Boar Meat ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Frequent Exposure

In Europe, foodborne transmission has been clearly associated to sporadic cases and small clusters of hepatitis E in humans linked to the consumption of contaminated pig liver sausages, raw venison, or undercooked wild boar meat. In Europe, zoonotic HEV-genotype 3 strains are widespread in pig farms but little information is available on the prevalence of HEV positive pigs at slaughterhouse. In the present study, the prevalence of HEV-RNA positive pigs was assessed on 585 animals from 4 abattoirs located across Italy. Twenty-one pigs (3.6%) tested positive for HEV in either feces or liver by real-time RT-PCR. In these 21 pigs, eight diaphragm muscles resulted positive for HEV-RNA. Among animals collected in one abattoir, 4 out of 91 plasma tested positive for HEV-RNA. ELISA tests for the detection of total antibodies against HEV showed a high seroprevalence (76.8%), confirming the frequent exposure of pigs to the virus. The phylogenetic analyses conducted on sequences of both ORF1 and ORF2 fragments, shows the circulation of HEV-3c and of a novel unclassified subtype. This study provides information on HEV occurrence in pigs at the slaughterhouse, confirming that muscles are rarely contaminated by HEV-RNA compared to liver, which is the most frequently positive for HEV.

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E virus among Japanese blood donors: Identification of three blood donors infected with a genotype 3 hepatitis E virus

2004 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoko Fukuda ◽  
Junko Sunaga ◽  
Nobuo Saito ◽  
Kuniko Fujimura ◽  
Yaeko Itoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Genotype 3

scholarly journals High prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus antibodies among blood donors in central Italy, February to March 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Lucarelli ◽  
Enea Spada ◽  
Gloria Taliani ◽  
Paola Chionne ◽  
Elisabetta Madonna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
Prevalence Rate Ratio

Prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies is highly variable in developed countries, which seems partly due to differences in assay sensitivity. Using validated sensitive assays, we tested 313 blood donors attending a hospital transfusion unit in central Italy in January and February 2014 for anti-HEV IgG and IgM and HEV RNA. Data on HEV exposure were collected from all donors. Overall anti-HEV IgG prevalence was 49% (153/313). Eating raw dried pig-liver sausage was the only independent predictor of HEV infection (adjusted prevalence rate ratio = 2.14; 95% confidence interval: 1.23–3.74). Three donors were positive for either anti-HEV IgM (n = 2; 0.6%) or HEV RNA (n = 2; 0.6%); they were completely asymptomatic, without alanine aminotransferase (ALT) abnormalities. Of the two HEV RNA-positive donors (both harbouring genotype 3), one was anti-HEV IgG- and IgM-positive, the other was anti-HEV IgG- and IgM-negative. The third donor was positive for anti-HEV IgG and IgM but HEV RNA-negative. HEV infection is therefore hyperendemic among blood donors (80% men 18–64 years-old) from central Italy and associated with local dietary habits. Nearly 1% of donors have acute or recent infection, implying potential transmission to blood recipients. Neither ALT nor anti-HEV IgM testing seems useful to prevent transfusion-transmitted HEV infection.

scholarly journals Low Hepatitis E Virus Prevalence Among Blood Donor in Dali in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Fu ◽  
Baochai Lin ◽  
Bingting Wu ◽  
Ling Ke ◽  
Tianfu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Positive Rate

Abstract BACKGROUND: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a nonenveloped RNA virus causing Hepatitis E worldwide. An increasing transfusion transmission cases of HEV infections from asymptomatic blood donors which causing serious illnesses in immunosuppressed recipients have been reported in the past few years. China is one of the highly prevalent regions of HEV, it is important to evaluate the risk of HEV transmission from blood transfusion. METHODS: A total of 1864 serum samples from blood donors and demographic characteristics were randomly collected from Feb to Mar 2018 in Dali city. Anti-HEV IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies and HEV antigen were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HEV RNA was detected by real-time PCR. Multivariable logistic regression modelling was used to examine risk factors associated with HEV prevalence.RESULTS: Overall, the positive rate of anti-HEV IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies was 13.36% (249/1864), 1.13%(21/1864), and 1.82%(34/1864), respectively. However, none of the 1864 serum samples was detected as HEV antigen-positive nor HEV RNA positive. The positive rate of anti-HEV IgG antibody is high as 28.57% (2/7) in the donors with isolated elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Females (16.69%) had a significantly higher HEV seroprevalence than males (13.04%) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.34 [95% CI, 1.02-1.75]). Other ethnic minority (24.32%) and Bai (18.85%) donors had a significantly higher HEV seroprevalence when compared to Han (12.21%) blood donors (odds ratio [OR], 2.25 [95% CI, 1.04-4.88] for other ethnic minority, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.24-2.19] for Bai). Conclusions: Dali, Yunnan province, China is an endemic region for HEV and have a relatively low risk of HEV transmission via blood transfusion. Whether to formulate the strategy for HEV screening in blood center needed further researched.

scholarly journals Detection of Hepatitis E Virus-Specific Immunoglobulin A in Patients Infected with Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 1 or 3

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Herremans ◽  
E. Duizer ◽  
E. Jusic ◽  
M. P. G. Koopmans
Keyword(s):  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Route Of Transmission

ABSTRACT Currently, diagnosis of acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) in patients is primarily based on anti-HEV immunoglobulin M (IgM) detection. However, several investigations suggest the use of HEV-specific IgA for diagnosing acute HEV infections. We evaluated two commercially available assays, an IgA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Diacheck) and an adapted immunoblot protocol (Mikrogen) for IgA detection and compared the performance in genotype 1- and 3-infected patients. The specificity of the IgA assays was high, with no positive reactions in a control group of 18 acute hepatitis patients who were negative for HEV. The sensitivity calculated in nine PCR-positive type 1-infected patients was 100% in both assays but was clearly lower in genotype 3-infected patients (n = 14), with sensitivities of only 67% and 57% for the ELISA and immunoblot assay, respectively. The lower IgA responses detected in genotype 3-infected patients could be caused by the use of only the genotype 1 and 2 antigens in the serological assays. Interestingly in two patients with possible infection through blood transfusion no response or intermediate IgA responses were detected, and this might confirm the parenteral route of transmission. In both the type 1- and type 3-infected patients both the IgA and IgM responses disappeared simultaneously. We conclude that IgA detection is of limited value for the serodiagnosis of acute HEV cases, particularly with genotype 3.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of anti-HEV and HEV RNA among volunteer blood donors and patients with Hepatitis B and C in Iran

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Keyvani ◽  
Mahmood Shamsi Shamabadi ◽  
Saeed Najafifard ◽  
Bashir Hajibeigi ◽  
Farahnaz Fallahian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Blood Transfusion Center ◽  
Infected Cells

Aim: To assess seroprevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E virus (HEV) in healthy blood donors and hepatitis B, C patients. Methods: 450 subjects consisted of 200 blood donors in Tehran blood transfusion center, 100 subjects with hepatitis C and 150 subjects with hepatitis B infection enrolled in this study. The A549 cell line was grown in mixed medium. Cells were infected with hepatitis E virus that was purified from stool sample of a patient confirmed for hepatitis E infection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Supernatant of infected cells was used as positive control in our RT- PCR assay. Results: In a total of 450 subjects, 33 (7.3%) had positive anti-HEV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anti-HEV was seen in (9/200) 4.5%, (7/100) 7%, and (17/150) 11.3% of healthy blood donors, hepatitis C, and hepatitis B subjects, respectively. Difference between two groups was statistically significance (P = 0.028). Difference between frequency of anti-HEV in hepatitis B in relation to healthy blood donors was significant (P = 0.014). Conclusions: HEV infection is more common in subjects with hepatitis B. Keywords: Hepatitis E virus, Seroprevalence, Transmission, Iran   doi: 10.3329/blj.v1i1.2623 Bangladesh Liver Journal Vol.1(1) 2009 p.34-37 

scholarly journals Comparison of Hepatitis E Virus Sequences from Humans and Swine, the Netherlands, 1998–2015

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1265
Author(s):  
Boris M. Hogema ◽  
Renate W. Hakze-van der Hakze-van der Honing ◽  
Michel Molier ◽  
Hans L. Zaaijer ◽  
Wim H. M. van der van der Poel
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Sequence Comparison ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Transmission Route ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Predominant Subtype

Pigs are suspected to be a major source of zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in industrialized countries, but the transmission route(s) from pigs to humans are ill-defined. Sequence comparison of HEV isolates from pigs with those from blood donors and patients in 372 samples collected in the Netherlands in 1998 and 1999 and between 2008 and 2015 showed that all sequences were genotype 3 except for six patients (with travel history). Subgenotype 3c (gt3c) was the most common subtype. While the proportion of gt3c increased significantly between 1998 and 2008, it remained constant between 2008 and 2015. Among the few circulating HEV subtypes, there was no difference observed between the human and the pig isolates. Hepatitis E viruses in humans are very likely to originate from pigs, but it is unclear why HEV gt3c has become the predominant subtype in the Netherlands.

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