scholarly journals Targeting the Gut Microbiota in Chagas Disease: What Do We Know so Far?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Duarte-Silva ◽  
Livia H. Morais ◽  
Gerard Clarke ◽  
Wilson Savino ◽  
Christina Peixoto
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Chagas disease (CD) is a tropical and still neglected disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi that affects >8 million of people worldwide. Although limited, emerging data suggest that gut microbiota dysfunction may be a new mechanism underlying CD pathogenesis. T. cruzi infection leads to changes in the gut microbiota composition of vector insects, mice, and humans. Alterations in insect and mice microbiota due to T. cruzi have been associated with a decreased immune response against the parasite, influencing the establishment and progression of infection. Further, changes in the gut microbiota are linked with inflammatory and neuropsychiatric disorders, comorbid conditions in CD. Therefore, this review article critically analyses the current data on CD and the gut microbiota of insects, mice, and humans and discusses its importance for CD pathogenesis. An enhanced understanding of host microbiota will be critical for the development of alternative therapeutic approaches to target CD, such as gut microbiota-directed interventions.

Altered Gut Microbiota Composition and Immune Response in Experimental Steatohepatitis Mouse Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuaki Ishioka ◽  
Kouichi Miura ◽  
Shinichiro Minami ◽  
Yoichiro Shimura ◽  
Hirohide Ohnishi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

scholarly journals Host–MicroRNA–Microbiota Interactions in Colorectal Cancer

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ce Yuan ◽  
Clifford J. Steer ◽  
Subbaya Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Cell Fractions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Changes in gut microbiota composition have consistently been observed in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Yet, it is not entirely clear how the gut microbiota interacts with tumor cells. We know that tumor cells undergo a drastic change in energy metabolism, mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs), and that tumor-derived miRNAs affect the stromal and immune cell fractions of the tumor microenvironment. Recent studies suggest that host intestinal miRNAs can also affect the growth and composition of the gut microbiota. Our previous CRC studies showed a high-level of interconnectedness between host miRNAs and their microbiota. Considering all the evidence to date, we postulate that the altered nutrient composition and miRNA expression in the CRC microenvironment selectively exerts pressure on the surrounding microbiota, leading to alterations in its composition. In this review article, we present our current understanding of the role of miRNAs in mediating host–microbiota interactions in CRC.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota in Canine Idiopathic Epilepsy: Effects of Disease and Treatment

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3121
Author(s):  
Sylvia García-Belenguer ◽  
Laura Grasa ◽  
Olga Valero ◽  
Jorge Palacio ◽  
Isabel Luño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Idiopathic Epilepsy ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Probiotic Intervention ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in humans and dogs. The structure and composition of gut microbiome associated to this disorder has not yet been analyzed in depth but there is evidence that suggests a possible influence of gut bacteria in controlling seizures. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in gut microbiota associated to canine idiopathic epilepsy (IE) and the possible influence of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on the modulation of this microbiota. Faecal microbiota composition was analyzed using sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene in a group of healthy controls (n = 12) and a group of epileptic dogs both before (n = 10) and after a 30-day single treatment with phenobarbital or imepitoin (n = 9). Epileptic dogs showed significantly reduced abundance of GABA (Pseudomonadales, Pseudomonadaceae, Pseudomonas and Pseudomona_graminis) and SCFAs-producing bacteria (Peptococcaceae, Ruminococcaceae and Anaerotruncus) as well as bacteria associated with reduced risk for brain disease (Prevotellaceae) than control dogs. The administration of AEDs during 30 days did not modify the gut microbiota composition. These results are expected to contribute to the understanding of canine idiopathic epilepsy and open up the possibility of studying new therapeutic approaches for this disorder, including probiotic intervention to restore gut microbiota in epileptic individuals.

scholarly journals Dysbiosis of gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: Current therapies and potential for microbiota-modulating therapeutic approaches

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dikhnah Alshehri ◽  
Omar Saadah ◽  
Mahmoud Mosli ◽  
Sherif Edris ◽  
Rashad Alhindi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

There is a growing body of evidence reinforcing the unique connections between the host microbiome, health and diseases. Due to the extreme importance of the symbiotic relationship between the intestinal microbiome and the host, it is not surprising that any alteration in the gut microbiota would result in various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBD is a chronic, relapsing-remitting condition that is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, compromised quality of life and costly medical care. Dysbiosis is believed to exacerbate the progression of IBD. One of the currently used treatments for IBD are anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drugs, representing a biologic therapy that is reported to have an impact on the gut microbiota composition. The efficacy of anti-TNF agents is hindered by the possibility of non-response, which occurs in 10-20% of treated patients, and secondary loss of response, which occurs in up to 30% of treated patients. This underscores the need for novel therapies and studies that evaluate the role of the gut microbiota in these conditions. The success of any therapeutic strategy for IBD depends on our understanding of the interactions that occur between the gut microbiota and the host. In this review, the health and disease IBD-associated microbiota patterns will be discussed, in addition to the effect of currently used therapies for IBD on the gut microbiota composition, as well as new therapeutic approaches that can be used to overcome the current treatment constraints.

Effects of polysaccharides from wild morels on immune response and gut microbiota composition in non-treated and cyclophosphamide-treated mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 4291-4303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyan Huo ◽  
Zhengping Feng ◽  
Suying Hu ◽  
Langjun Cui ◽  
Ting Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Proliferation Of Lymphocytes ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Polysaccharides from wild morels alter gut microbiota, increase the production of SCFAs and promote the proliferation of lymphocytes in mice.

Effects of polysaccharides from purple sweet potatoes on immune response and gut microbiota composition in normal and cyclophosphamide treated mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 937-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Tang ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Changhai Jin ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Three polysaccharides were extracted from purple sweet potatoes and then administered to normal and cyclophosphamide treated mice by gavage.

scholarly journals No interplay between gut microbiota composition and the lipopolysaccharide‐induced innate immune response in humans in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quirine LM Habes ◽  
Prokopis Konstanti ◽  
Harmke D Kiers ◽  
Rebecca M Koch ◽  
Roeland F Stolk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition
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