scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of High-Efficiency Rhizobia From Western Kenya Nodulating With Common Bean

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clabe Simiyu Wekesa ◽  
Alexandra C. U. Furch ◽  
Ralf Oelmüller
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Rhizobium Tropici ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
The Media ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Genome Analyses

Common bean is one of the primary protein sources in third-world countries. They form nodules with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia, which have to be adapted to the local soils. Commercial rhizobial strains such as Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 are often used in agriculture. However, this strain failed to significantly increase the common bean yield in many places, including Kenya, due to the local soils’ low pH. We isolated two indigenous rhizobial strains from the nodules of common bean from two fields in Western Kenya that have never been exposed to commercial inocula. We then determined their ability to fix nitrogen in common beans, solubilize phosphorus, and produce indole acetic acid. In greenhouse experiments, common bean plants inoculated with two isolates, B3 and S2 in sterile vermiculite, performed better than those inoculated with CIAT899 or plants grown with nitrogen fertilizer alone. In contrast to CIAT899, both isolates grew in the media with pH 4.8. Furthermore, isolate B3 had higher phosphate solubilization ability and produced more indole acetic acid than the other two rhizobia. Genome analyses revealed that B3 and S2 are different strains of Rhizobium phaseoli. We recommend fieldwork studies in Kenyan soils to test the efficacy of the two isolates in the natural environment in an effort to produce inoculants specific for these soils.

Isolation, Culture and Plant Regeneration From Protoplasts of Nicotiana debneyi

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 635 ◽  
Author(s):  
WR Scowcroft ◽  
PJ Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Protoplast Culture ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Dna Uptake ◽  
Mesophyll Protoplasts ◽  
Nicotiana Debneyi ◽  
Protoplast Division

Mesophyll protoplasts of two genetically distinct genotypes of N. debneyi were cultured with sustained division following a plating efficiency in excess of 50%. Fully fertile mature plants were regenerated from callus cultures derived from protoplasts. Shoots were induced in medium containing 1 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.5 mg/I indole acetic acid. The repeatably high efficiency of protoplast culture was used to evaluate the quantitative effects of two drugs, kanamycin and trimethoprim, which effectively inhibited colony formation at concentrations of 100 and 50 �g/ml, respectively. An enhancer of DNA uptake, poly-L-ornithine, had virtually no effect on sustained protoplast division at a concentration of 7.5 �g/ml or less.

scholarly journals Screening of bacterial isolates for phosphate solubilizing capability in a ferruginous ultisol in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
S.I. Musa ◽  
I. Beckley
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
The Media ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Acidic And Alkaline Media ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Phosphorus is a major growth-llimiting nutrient which plays important biochemical role in living system. It is widely distributed in minerals as phosphates. It reacts easily with Fe3+ in ferruginous ultisols and therefore not bioavailable for plant usage. Many bacteria have the ability to solubilize phosphate minerals and make it bioavailable to plants.Thus this research investigates the culturable bacterial composition of ferruginous ultisol, comparative to control soils as well as the phosphate solubilizing capabilities of the isolates for future use in soil improvements. Six soil samples of different ferruginous levels and a control were assayed for physicochemical parameters prior to the experiment. Culturable bacteria as well as the phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were assayed in Pikovskaya’s medium at 27oC with 7.5 pH for 7days. Six distinct isolates were observed which proved to be Proteus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., Bacillus spp. and Serratia spp. based on biochemical and morphological characteristics. Of these six isolates, three isolates(EMBF2-Klebsiella spp, BCAF1- Proteus spp and BCAC2- Bacillus spp) were identified to solubilize phosphate by releasing a considerable amount of phosphate (12.01-21.23 ppm) and lowering the pH of the media. The three isolates showed tolerance to acidic and alkaline media and also showed plant growth promoting capabilities by releasing indole acetic acid and siderophores. The result revealed that the three isolates had potential to chelate the ion bond in identified to solubilize phosphate by releasing a considerable amount of phosphate (12.01-21.23 ppm) and lowering the pH of the media. The three isolates showed tolerance to acidic and alkaline media and also showed plant growth promoting capabilities by releasing indole acetic acid and siderophores. The result revealed that the three isolates had potential to chelate the ion bond in Fe3+ in ferruginous ultisol by releasing low molecular weight organic acid, making phosphate to be bioavailable for plant usage. This will serve as biofertilizer in improving yield of crops in ferruginous ultisol and improve soil fertility.

Isolation and Characterization of Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) Produced by a Halo Tolerant Marine Bacterium Isolated from Coastal Sand Dune Plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (SE) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
M. Jayaprakashvel ◽  
K. Abishamala ◽  
C. Mathan Periasamy ◽  
J Satheesh ◽  
A. Jaffar Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Coastal Sand Dune ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Coastal Sand ◽  
Dune Plants

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Fungi from the Roots of Dendrobium moniliforme

Plants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujit Shah ◽  
Roshani Shrestha ◽  
Sabitri Maharjan ◽  
Marc-Andre Selosse ◽  
Bijaya Pant
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Fungal Elicitor ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Growth Assay ◽  
Growth Promoting

The present study aims to identify the diverse endophytic fungi residing in the roots of Dendrobium moniliforme and their role in plant growth and development. Nine endophytic fungi were isolated from the root sections and characterized by molecular technique. Quantification of the indole acetic acid (IAA) compound by these endophytes was done. Further, Chemical profiling of R11 and R13 fungi was done by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Asymbiotic seed derived protocorms of Rhynchostylis retusa was used for the plant growth assay to investigate the growth promoting activities of the fungal elicitor prepared from the isolated fungi from D. moniliforme. Among the isolated fungi, the relative dominant fungus was Fusarium sp. The R13 and R6 fungi were identified only at the genus level which concludes the fungi are of new species or strain. The indole acetic acid production was relatively higher in R10. Bioactive compound diversity was observed in the organic extract of R11 and R6. The presence of phenolic compound and essential oil suggest their contribution for the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties to their host plant, D. moniliforme. The plant growth assay result concluded, the fungal elicitor prepared from R10, Colletotrichum alatae was the best among all other for the plant growth activities.

Indole Acetic Acid Producing And Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Native To Kenyan Soils Promote Growth of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hezekiah Korir ◽  
Nancy W. Mungai ◽  
Victor W. Wasike
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and rhizobia can have a positive effect on the growth of common bean. This study aimed at determining the mechanisms of action of native bacterial strains; and to determine their effect in enhancing growth of common bean. The strains were screened for their ability to solubilize insoluble inorganic phosphates and production of indole acetic acid in vitro. A greenhouse experiment was set up to evaluate the response of common bean to inoculation with selected bacterial strains. Six of the bacterial isolates tested showed a positive result for IAA production. Rhizobium pusense showed the greatest solubilization efficiency of 648 followed by Bacillus megaterium (322.3) and Rhizobium phaseoli (308.7). Inoculation of common bean with Rhizobia and PSB had a significant effect on the number of nodules per plant. The highest shoot biomass was observed when Rhizobium phaseoli was co-inoculated with P. polymyxa (4.3g plant-1) compared to the single Rhizobium phaseoli inoculation (1.14 g plant-1). The shoot tissue nitrogen and phosphorous concentration was increased as a results of co-inoculation up to 32.5% and 75.4% respectively. Therefore, tested bacterial strains have great potential in being formulated and used as biofertilizers that can be evaluated under varying field conditions.

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