scholarly journals Effectiveness of Low-Dose Continuous Gaseous Ozone in Controlling Listeria innocua on Red Delicious Apples During 9-Month Commercial Cold Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoye Shen ◽  
Yuan Su ◽  
Zi Hua ◽  
Lina Sheng ◽  
Manoella Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Listeria Innocua ◽  
Gaseous Ozone ◽  
Soft Scald ◽  
Apple Quality

This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-dose continuous ozone gas in controlling Listeria innocua and quality attributes and disorders of Red Delicious apples during long-term commercial cold storage. Red Delicious apples were inoculated with a three-strain L. innocua cocktail at ∼6.2 log10 CFU/apple, treated with or without 1-methylcyclopropene, and then subjected to controlled atmosphere (CA) storage with or without continuous gaseous ozone in a commercial facility for 36 weeks. Uninoculated Red Delicious apples subjected to the above storage conditions were used for yeast/mold counts and quality attributes evaluation. The 36 weeks of refrigerated air (RA) or CA storage caused ∼2.2 log10 CFU/apple reduction of L. innocua. Ozone gas application caused an additional > 3 log10 CFU/apple reduction of L. innocua compared to RA and CA storage alone. During the 36-week CA storage, low-dose continuous gaseous ozone application significantly retarded the growth of yeast/mold, delayed apple firmness loss, and had no negative influence on ozone burn, lenticel decay, russet, CO2 damage, superficial scald, and soft scald of Red Delicious apples compared to CA-alone storage. In summary, the application of continuous low-dose gaseous ozone has the potential to control Listeria on Red Delicious apples without negatively influencing apple quality attributes.

scholarly journals Assessment of Shelf-Life Ability of Apples cv. ‘Auksis’ after Long-term Storage Under Different Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Juhņeviča-Radenkova ◽  
Vitalijs Radenkovs
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Market Condition ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Long Term Storage

Abstract The objective of the current research was to ascertain the shelf-life ability of apple ‘Auksis’ after 6 months of cold storage under different conditions. The effect of storage conditions such as: cold storage under normal atmosphere (NA), 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) + cold storage, and ultra-low oxygen (ULO)-controlled atmosphere (CA) [2.0% CO2 and 1.0% O2 (ULO1) and 2.5% CO2 and 1.5% O2 (ULO2)] on the quality of apples during shelf-life was evaluated. Apple fruits immediately after cold storage and after 25 days of maintaining at market condition had been evaluated. The physical (firmness, weight losses), chemical (total soluble solids and acid contents), and sensory (aroma, taste, acidity, sweetness, juiciness, and color) characteristics of apples had been evaluated after 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days to ascertain maximal shelf-life. Results from sensory evaluation indicated that apples treated with 1-MCP and stored at NA were characterized with distinctive aroma, whereas apples stored under CA were poor in sweetness and had remarkable acidity and juiciness. Apples that were stored in cold had pronounced aroma and color but without taste. Based on the evaluation by panelist, maximum shelf-life of apples that were kept under cold storage and ULO1 was 15 days, whereas that of apples that had been treated with 1-MCP and stored at NA and those stored in ULO2 was 25 days.

scholarly journals Harvest Maturity and Storage Affect Quality of `Cripps Pink' (Pink Lady®) Apples

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Drake ◽  
D.C. Elfving ◽  
T.A. Eisele
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Peel Color ◽  
Harvest Maturity ◽  
Apple Quality

Quality of `Cripps Pink' apples (Malu × domestica) harvested at a starch index of 2 and 4 was evaluated over three crop seasons. Apple quality was evaluated after harvest and after regular atmosphere (RA) and controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage at 1% O2 and 1% CO2, 1% O2 and 3% CO2, and 1% O2 and 5% CO2 (1 year only) at 1 ºC (33 to 34 ºF). Over three seasons, commercially acceptable fruit quality was achieved on either harvest date following both long-term RA and CA storage. Fruit size was not different between apples harvested at a starch index of 2 or 4. Firmness and acids remained at acceptable levels [62 N (14 lb) and ≥0.50%, respectively] in `Cripps Pink' apples regardless of maturity, storage time or storage conditions. Delaying harvest after a starch index of 2 was achieved increased soluble solids concentration (SSC), SSC to TA (titratable acidity) ratio, peel color, malic acid and citric acid concentrations but decreased fructose content. `Cripps Pink' apples responded well to CA storage conditions of 1% O2 with 1% or 3% CO2, but displayed significant firmness loss and greatly increased internal breakdown at 1% O2 and 5% CO2 at 1 ºC.

Survival of Listeria innocua on Fuji apples under commercial cold storage with or without low dose continuous ozone gaseous

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Sheng ◽  
Ines Hanrahan ◽  
Xiaofei Sun ◽  
Michael H. Taylor ◽  
Manoella Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Listeria Innocua

scholarly journals Persistence of Listeria innocua on Fresh Apples During Long-Term Controlled Atmosphere Cold Storage with Postharvest Fungal Decay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Hamilton ◽  
Blanca Ruiz-Llacsahuanga ◽  
Manoella Mendoza ◽  
James Mattheis ◽  
Ines Hanrahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Listeria Innocua ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Apple Variety

Recent apple-related recall and outbreak events have exposed a need for better food safety controls along the supply chain. Following harvest apples can be stored under a controlled atmosphere for up to one year after harvest before packing and distribution, making the crop susceptible to many opportunities for contamination that increase the quantity of postharvest losses. Botrytis cinerea (BC) and Penicillium expansum (PE) cause significant rot-associated losses to the apple industry. These fungi can colonize and destroy apple tissue as storage duration increases, which may also impact the growth of saprophytic foodborne pathogens like Listeria monocytogenes . Thus the objective of this study was to observe population changes of Listeria innocua (LI) as a surrogate for L. monocytogenes on apples inoculated with BC or PE under long-term controlled atmosphere cold storage conditions to identify the effect of postharvest mold growth on growth patterns of a food safety-relevant microorganism. ‘Gala’ and ‘WA 38’ apples (n = 1,080) were harvested, treated with pyrimethanil, and inoculated with LI only, or LI and one of the mold species on wounded and unwounded portions of the apple equator. Apples were treated with 1-methylcyclopropene and stored at a controlled atmosphere (2kPa O 2 , 1kPa CO 2 , 1°C) for 1 week and 1, 3, 6, 9 and 11 months before enumeration. After three months LI consistently fell below the limit of detection (2.35 log CFU/g) and samples were enriched following a modified BAM method with PCR confirmation. Listeria persistence was dependent on the storage duration and type of fungal contamination ( p < 0.05). Surface wounding may impact these trends, depending on the apple variety.   Prevalence of LI was greater in ‘Gala’ apples. Future studies should more closely examine the interactions on the fruit surface that occur during the seemingly critical timeframe of three-to-six months in storage.

Ovarian Dysfunction in Fetally Irradiated Beagles

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
T. M. Seed ◽  
M. H. Sanderson ◽  
D. L. Gutzeit ◽  
T. E. Fritz ◽  
D. V. Tolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ovarian Dysfunction ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Ovarian Pathology ◽  
Normal Offspring

The developing mammalian fetus is thought to be highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. However, dose, dose-rate relationships are not well established, especially the long term effects of protracted, low-dose exposure. A previous report (1) has indicated that bred beagle bitches exposed to daily doses of 5 to 35 R 60Co gamma rays throughout gestation can produce viable, seemingly normal offspring. Puppies irradiated in utero are distinguishable from controls only by their smaller size, dental abnormalities, and, in adulthood, by their inability to bear young.We report here our preliminary microscopic evaluation of ovarian pathology in young pups continuously irradiated throughout gestation at daily (22 h/day) dose rates of either 0.4, 1.0, 2.5, or 5.0 R/day of gamma rays from an attenuated 60Co source. Pups from non-irradiated bitches served as controls. Experimental animals were evaluated clinically and hematologically (control + 5.0 R/day pups) at regular intervals.

The Acute Effect of Alcohol on Various Memory Processes

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márk Molnár ◽  
Roland Boha ◽  
Balázs Czigler ◽  
Zsófia Anna Gaál
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Legal Consequences

This review surveys relevant and recent data of the pertinent literature regarding the acute effect of alcohol on various kinds of memory processes with special emphasis on working memory. The characteristics of different types of long-term memory (LTM) and short-term memory (STM) processes are summarized with an attempt to relate these to various structures in the brain. LTM is typically impaired by chronic alcohol intake but according to some data a single dose of ethanol may have long lasting effects if administered at a critically important age. The most commonly seen deleterious acute effect of alcohol to STM appears following large doses of ethanol in conditions of “binge drinking” causing the “blackout” phenomenon. However, with the application of various techniques and well-structured behavioral paradigms it is possible to detect, albeit occasionally, subtle changes of cognitive processes even as a result of a low dose of alcohol. These data may be important for the consideration of legal consequences of low-dose ethanol intake in conditions such as driving, etc.

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