scholarly journals Effects of Ellagic Acid Supplementation on Jejunal Morphology, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Antioxidant Capacity, and Microbiota in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuying Xu ◽  
Mingkang Shen ◽  
Yuxin Han ◽  
Hui Diao
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities ◽  
Standard Pellet Diet

Ellagic acid (EA), a plant polyphenol mainly found in nuts and fruits, exhibits various biological effects. However, the effects of EA on intestinal health remain poorly understood. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the effects of EA supplementation on jejunal morphology, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant capacity, and microbiota in C57BL/6J mice. A total of 144 mice were randomly assigned to three treatments groups: the control (CON) group received a standard pellet diet, the 0.1% EA group received a standard pellet diet plus 0.1% EA, and the 0.3% EA group received a standard pellet diet plus 0.3% EA. The mice were killed at the end of the experimental period, and jejunal samples were collected. The results revealed that the mice in the 0.3% EA group had higher (P < 0.05) average daily gain and greater (P < 0.05) jejunal villus height than those in the CON group. In addition, the jejunal lactase and sucrase activities were higher (P < 0.05) in the 0.1% EA and 0.3% EA groups, and the alkaline phosphatase activity was higher (P < 0.05) in the 0.3% EA group than in the CON group. Compared with the CON group, the administration of EA increased (P < 0.05) the superoxide dismutase and catalase activities but decreased (P < 0.05) the malonaldehyde content in the jejunum. Moreover, the jejunal messenger RNA expression levels of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were higher (P < 0.05) in the 0.3% EA group than in the CON group. Furthermore, compared with the CON group, the count of Escherichia coli decreased (P < 0.05), and that of Lactobacillus species increased (P < 0.05) in the 0.3% EA group. In general, our findings indicate that the administration of EA can enhance the growth of mice, promote intestinal development, increase the antioxidant capacity, and regulate the intestinal microbiota.

scholarly journals PSIX-7 Grazing toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue does not influence pancreatic or small intestinal digestive enzyme activities in beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 410-411
Author(s):  
Ronald J Trotta ◽  
James L Klotz ◽  
James Matthews ◽  
Kendall C Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Intestinal Protein ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities ◽  
Small Intestinal

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to determine the influence of toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue exposure on pancreatic and small intestinal digestive enzyme activities in steers. Twelve fescue-naive beef steers [693 ± 42.7 kg of body weight (BW)] were stratified by BW and randomly assigned within BW ranks to graze non-toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue (NTE, n = 6; 0.01 ± 0.009 mg ergovaline + ergovalinine/kg) or toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue (TE, n = 6; 0.50 ± 0.048 mg ergovaline + ergovalinine/kg) pastures for 84 d. After the grazing period, steers were weighed and then slaughtered in three groups for tissue collection. A 1-m segment of the small intestine was collected 5-m distal to the pyloric sphincter. Subsamples of the small intestinal mucosa and pancreas were collected, homogenized in saline, and assayed for protein concentration. Pancreatic and small intestinal digestive enzyme activities were assayed. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS as a randomized complete block design for effects of treatment and slaughter group (blocking factor). Steers grazing NTE pastures had a greater (P < 0.001) average daily gain (0.282 vs -0.631 kg/d) and final BW at slaughter (739 vs 620 kg) than steers grazing TE pastures. Small intestinal segment mass and mucosal density (P ≥ 0.16) were not influenced by treatment. Grazing TE pasture did not influence (P ≥ 0.21) pancreatic or small intestinal protein concentrations. Pancreatic α-amylase and trypsin activity per gram pancreas (P ≥ 0.21) or per gram pancreatic protein (P ≥ 0.30) were not influenced by fescue treatment. Small intestinal glucoamylase, isomaltase, and maltase activities did not differ between steers grazing NTE or TE pastures when expressed per gram of intestinal tissue (P ≥ 0.47) or per gram of intestinal protein (P ≥ 0.60). These data indicate that decreased gains observed in cattle consuming TE are not a result of decreased pancreatic or small intestinal digestive enzyme activities.

scholarly journals Effects of spermine on ileal physical barrier, antioxidant capacity, metabolic profile and large intestinal bacteria in piglets

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (45) ◽  
pp. 26709-26716
Author(s):  
Guangmang Liu ◽  
Weiwei Mo ◽  
Wei Cao ◽  
Xianjian Wu ◽  
Gang Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Physical Barrier ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities

Spermine, a polyamine, exerts important roles in alleviating oxidative damage, improving immunity, increasing antioxidant status and digestive enzyme activities, and promoting the development of small intestine.

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