scholarly journals Circulating Nucleosomes as Potential Markers to Monitor COVID-19 Disease Progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Cavalier ◽  
Julien Guiot ◽  
Katharina Lechner ◽  
Alexander Dutsch ◽  
Mark Eccleston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mechanical Ventilators ◽  
Treatment Allocation ◽  
Extracorporal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Extracellular Trap ◽  
Clinical Drug

The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) varies significantly with cases spanning from asymptomatic to lethal with a subset of individuals developing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and death from respiratory failure. To determine whether global nucleosome and citrullinated nucleosome levels were elevated in COVID-19 patients, we tested two independent cohorts of COVID-19 positive patients with quantitative nucleosome immunoassays and found that nucleosomes were highly elevated in plasma of COVID-19 patients with a severe course of the disease relative to healthy controls and that both histone 3.1 variant and citrullinated nucleosomes increase with disease severity. Elevated citrullination of circulating nucleosomes is indicative of neutrophil extracellular trap formation, neutrophil activation and NETosis in severely affected individuals. Importantly, using hospital setting (outpatient, inpatient or ICU) as a proxy for disease severity, nucleosome levels increased with disease severity and may serve as a guiding biomarker for treatment. Owing to the limited availability of mechanical ventilators and extracorporal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) equipment, there is an urgent need for effective tools to rapidly assess disease severity and guide treatment selection. Based on our studies of two independent cohorts of COVID-19 patients from Belgium and Germany, we suggest further investigation of circulating nucleosomes and citrullination as biomarkers for clinical triage, treatment allocation and clinical drug discovery.

scholarly journals Plasma neutrophil extracellular trap level is modified by disease severity and inhaled corticosteroids in chronic inflammatory lung diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsófia Gál ◽  
András Gézsi ◽  
Éva Pállinger ◽  
Tamás Visnovitz ◽  
Adrienne Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Trap Level ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Extracellular Trap

AbstractA flow cytometry-based method was developed to quantify in vivo circulating neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) levels in plasma and compare them in patients with different chronic inflammatory lung diseases. Seventeen asthmatic and 11 control children, 12 adult controls, 46 asthmatic, 6 COPD and 6 adult patients with asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) were recruited in the study. The presence of NETs in unstimulated cell-free plasma was confirmed and visualized by confocal laser-scanning microscopy. No significant differences were found in plasma NET levels between children and adults, children with or without asthma and adults with or without asthma, COPD or ACOS. When asthmatic patients were stratified according to their disease severity the average plasma NET level was significantly higher in asthmatic patients with more serious symptoms (adjusted p = 0.027). Patients with poorer pulmonary functions had higher plasma NET levels which negatively correlated with the FEV1 values (r = −0.39, p = 0.002). Patients who were medicated daily with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) had significantly lower average plasma NET level than patients who did not or just occasionally used ICS (p = 0.027). If further studies confirm the NET-lowering effect of ICS in the circulation, it can be utilized in diseases where NETosis contributes to the pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Serum C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 Levels as Biomarkers for Disease Severity and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2077
Author(s):  
Yi-Min Huang ◽  
Chiao Lo ◽  
Chiao-Feng Cheng ◽  
Cheng-Hsun Lu ◽  
Song-Chou Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Granulomatous Mastitis ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis ◽  
Reactive Protein

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare inflammatory breast disease mimicking breast cancer. Limited research has been conducted on the application of serum biomarkers. This study aims to investigate the association of serum biomarkers with disease severity in patients with IGM. From November 2011 to March 2020, medical records of patients with IGM were reviewed. Serum cytokine levels were measured in patients and healthy controls between July 2018 and March 2020. A total of 41 patients with histologically proven IGM were found. Serum interleukin (IL)-6 level was significantly higher in patients with IGM (n = 11) than healthy controls (n = 7). Serum IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly higher in patients with severe disease than mild and moderate disease. Serum IL-6 (Spearman’s ρ = 0.855; p < 0.001) and CRP (Spearman’s ρ = 0.838; p = 0.001) levels were associated with time to resolution. A higher serum CRP level was associated with a longer time to resolution (B = 0.322; p < 0.001) in multiple linear regression analysis. Serum IL-6 and CRP levels can be used as biomarkers for the evaluation of disease severity in IGM. IL-6 may play a crucial role in the immunopathology of IGM.

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