scholarly journals Hip Adductor Intramuscular Nerve Distribution Pattern of Children: A Guide for BTX-A Treatment to Muscle Spasticity in Cerebral Palsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Yan ◽  
Xiaoyun Fu ◽  
Xiadan Xie ◽  
Songling Ji ◽  
Huaixiang Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Muscle Spasticity ◽  
Intramuscular Nerve

A DYNAMIC SEATING SYSTEM FOR CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Hahn ◽  
Sheri L. Simkins ◽  
Jacob K. Gardner ◽  
Gaurav Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Muscle Spasticity ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Dynamic Seating

The study's aim was to determine the initial effects of a dynamic seating system as a therapeutic intervention in children with cerebral palsy. A two-factor, repeated-measures design was used. Twelve children with neuromuscular dysfunction (mean age 6.0, SD 2.7 years) were included in the study, randomly assigned to an experimental or a control group. At study initiation the experimental group received a wheelchair with dynamic seating components that allows limited range of motion in the hip and knee, and the control group received a static setting wheelchair. Participants were evaluated for range of motion, muscle spasticity (Modified Ashworth Scale), motor function (Gross Motor Function Measure), and level of disability (Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory) at study initiation, 3-months, and 6-months post intervention. Both groups improved in motor function over time, particularly in the categories of Sitting and Crawl/Kneel. Measures of disability improved in both groups for the categories of self-care, mobility, and social function. A larger, more homogeneous sample would likely show significant group differences in measures of muscle spasticity, gross motor function and disability.

A Controlled Trial of Baclofen in Children with Cerebral Palsy

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Milla ◽  
A D M Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Muscle Spasticity ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Better Than

A double-blind crossover trial against placebo was conducted to assess the effects of the GABA derivative, baclofen, on the disabilities due to muscle spasticity in twenty children suffering from cerebral palsy. Baclofen performed very significantly better than placebo in reducing spasticity and significantly better than placebo in allowing both active and passive limb movements to be carried out. Notable improvement was also seen in scissoring. Side-effects were minimal and responded promptly to dose reduction. The evaluation of drug effects on muscle spasticity and the pharmacodynamics of baclofen are discussed. Recommendations are made regarding dosage of baclofen in childhood.

scholarly journals Measurement of Muscle Thickness as Quantitative Muscle Evaluation for Adults With Severe Cerebral Palsy

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 1231-1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Ohata ◽  
Tadao Tsuboyama ◽  
Noriaki Ichihashi ◽  
Satosi Minami
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Triceps Surae ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Muscle Spasticity

Abstract Background and Purpose. The muscle strength of people with severe cerebral palsy (CP) is difficult to quantify because of cognitive and selective motor control problems. However, if muscle strength is related to muscle atrophy caused by activity limitation, quantitative morphological analysis such as analysis of muscle thickness (MTH), measured by ultrasound imaging, may be used to examine the muscle condition in daily use. The primary purpose of this investigation was to clarify the difference in MTH of several muscles by the motor functions used in daily activity in adults with CP with different levels of severity of involvement. The secondary purpose was to examine whether MTH is associated with age, body characteristics, and muscle spasticity. Subjects. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 25 adults with severe CP. Methods. The MTH of the biceps brachii (BB), quadriceps femoris (QF), triceps surae (TS), and longissimus (LO) muscles was measured with an ultrasound imaging device. The severity of the condition was classified with the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and functional status in sitting and standing was evaluated with a questionnaire administered to the staff assisting in the care of the subjects. Muscle spasticity was assessed with the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). Results. The MTH of the QF, LO, and TS showed significant differences according to the GMFCS level, and the MTH of the QF and LO differed significantly depending on functional status during activities of daily living. Age and body mass index showed no significant correlation with the MTH of any muscle. Body weight was correlated with the MTH of the BB and LO. The girth of the extremity was correlated only with the MTH of the BB. There was no relationship between MTH and MAS scores. Discussion and Conclusion. These results suggest that the MTH of the QF and LO differed significantly depending on the subjects' motor function during daily activity. The measurement of MTH may be an alternative method of quantitative muscle evaluation for people with severe CP for whom direct measurement of muscle strength is difficult. [Ohata K, Tsuboyama T, Ichihashi N, Minami S. Measurement of muscle thickness as quantitative muscle evaluation for adults with severe cerebral palsy. Phys Ther. 2006;86:1231–1239.]

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFICACY OF CRYOTHERAPY AND MYOFASCIAL RELEASE TECHNIQUE IN CALF MUSCLE SPASTICITY IN SPASTIC DIPLEGIC CEREBRAL PALSY CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3404-3407
Author(s):  
Ashish W. Bele
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Muscle Stiffness ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Central Nervous System Damage ◽  
Randomized Sampling ◽  
Muscle Spasticity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Group A

The greatest substantial consequence of juvenile impairment is cerebral palsy (CP). Spasticity of numerous muscle groupings is common after Central Nervous System damage. Spasticity causes functioning issues. For individuals suffering from CP ankle anomalies seem strongly tied to workable limits. Spastic CP is highest frequent type of CP, which limits child's responsive status and prohibits them from participating in communal activities. Soft tissue mobilisation procedures would be used in variety ways. Cryotherapy is interventional method for stiffness in neurological patients that has narrow advantage. MFR can potentially utilised against spasticity. The focus of this investigation is to evaluate Cryotherapy and MFR influence over calf muscle stiffness in participants who have Spastic Diplegic CP. The survey's goal is to determine efficacy of Cryotherapy and MFR in calf muscle spasticity in Spastic diplegic CP subjects. Thirty individuals suffering spastic diplegic CP were chosen using randomized sampling procedure. The subjects was categorised onto 3 subgroups, each of ten individuals. Cryotherapy was applied to Group A, MFR was applied to B and C Group was applied with combination of cryotherapy and MFR. Both before and after therapy, MAS and goniometry are used to assess calf muscle spasticity and ankle PROM. Overall validity of MAS and PROM comparing before and after in subgroup was determined using Tukey Test. Spasticity was reduced and range of motion was improved (p<0.05) in intra group comparison. Cumulative influence of cryotherapy and MFR is beneficial in reducing calf muscle stiffness in spastic diplegic CP children, as per this investigation.

Effects of whole body vibration on muscle spasticity for people with central nervous system disorders: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meizhen Huang ◽  
Lin-Rong Liao ◽  
Marco YC Pang
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Muscle Spasticity ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders ◽  
Leg Muscle

Objectives: To examine the effects of whole-body vibration on spasticity among people with central nervous system disorders. Methods: Electronic searches were conducted using CINAHL, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and Scopus to identify randomized controlled trials that investigated the effect of whole-body vibration on spasticity among people with central nervous system disorders (last search in August 2015). The methodological quality and level of evidence were rated using the PEDro scale and guidelines set by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Results: Nine trials with totally 266 subjects (three in cerebral palsy, one in multiple sclerosis, one in spinocerebellar ataxia, and four in stroke) fulfilled all selection criteria. One study was level 1b (PEDro⩾6 and sample size>50) and eight were level 2b (PEDro<6 or sample size ⩽50). All three cerebral palsy trials (level 2b) reported some beneficial effects of whole-body vibration on reducing leg muscle spasticity. Otherwise, the results revealed no consistent benefits on spasticity in other neurological conditions studied. There is little evidence that change in spasticity was related to change in functional performance. The optimal protocol could not be identified. Many reviewed studies were limited by weak methodological and reporting quality. Adverse events were minor and rare. Conclusion: Whole-body vibration may be useful in reducing leg muscle spasticity in cerebral palsy but this needs to be verified by future high quality trials. There is insufficient evidence to support or refute the notion that whole-body vibration can reduce spasticity in stroke, spinocerebellar ataxia or multiple sclerosis.

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