scholarly journals Sonographic Measurement of Brainstem Through the Foramen Magnum in Premature Neonates Can Predict Neurodevelopment Outcome?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyi-Jou Chen ◽  
Chih-Fen Hu ◽  
Chiung-Hsi Tien ◽  
Cheng-Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Premature Neonates ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Brain Ultrasound ◽  
Growth Profiles ◽  
Term Newborns

Background: To investigate whether serial morphometric measurements of the brainstem using high resolution trans-foramen-magnum ultrasound (US) in premature neonates correlate with neurological outcomes.Methods: Serial brain ultrasound scans were performed in 36 consecutive preterm infants born at <34 weeks of gestation from birth until term-equivalent age. Two-dimensional brainstem measurements of the pons and medulla oblongata were compared with those in a cohort of 67 healthy full-term newborns. Neurologic assessment of the premature infants was assessed at 5 years of age.Results: Of the 36 preterm infants born between 25 and 34 weeks of gestation, eight had significantly delayed growth profiles in both the pons and medulla and developed neurological sequelae by 5 years of age.Conclusions: Morphometric measurements of the developing brainstem using high resolution trans-foramen-magnum ultrasound (US) may help predict neurological outcome in high-risk neonates, particularly in those who are born extremely premature.

Reliability of Hammersmith Examination in Prediction of Neurological Outcomes (REHAPENO) - Research Protocol (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Fleifel ◽  
Rawya Abdelghani ◽  
Mohamed Ameen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Image ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Research Protocol ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Mri Brain ◽  
Brain Ultrasound

BACKGROUND Background: Studying the neurological developmental outcomes and comparing correlations with MRI (Magnetic resonance image) versus the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) OBJECTIVE Objective: To investigate the non-inferiority of MRI to HINE in infant developmental outcomes METHODS Settings: Hospital settings including pediatrics and neonatal care units Intervention: No medical or surgical intervention is planned, only correlation and extra analyses would take place to standardize the current practice Measurements: HINE, Brain MRI, Brain Ultrasound and developmental outcomes after 12 months RESULTS Results: The observations collected and correlations measured to figure out the reliability of both HINE and MRI in order to figure to what extent can we rely on HINE alone in expecting the developmental outcomes CONCLUSIONS The more reliability would expressed by HINE assessment the accurate expectation of developmental in preterm infants CLINICALTRIAL https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03580252

Early Electroencephalography Suppression and Postnatal Morbidities Correlate with Cerebral Volume at Term-Equivalent Age in Very Preterm Infants

Neonatology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Sverre Wikström ◽  
Holger Hövel ◽  
Ingrid Hansen Pupp ◽  
Vineta Fellman ◽  
Petra S. Hüppi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Very Preterm

scholarly journals Altered white matter diffusion anisotropy in normal and preterm infants at term-equivalent age

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen E. Rose ◽  
Xanthy Hatzigeorgiou ◽  
Mark W. Strudwick ◽  
Gail Durbridge ◽  
Peter S.W. Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Diffusion Anisotropy ◽  
Equivalent Age

scholarly journals Preterm birth disrupts the development of feeding and breathing coordination

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 1681-1686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Mayerl ◽  
Francois D. H. Gould ◽  
Laura E. Bond ◽  
Bethany M. Stricklen ◽  
Randal K. Buddington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Postnatal Maturation ◽  
Gestation Time

All mammals must breathe and breathe continuously from birth. Similarly, all mammals, including infants, have high functional demands for feeding. However, the pathway that food takes through the pharynx interrupts respiration. The coordination between swallowing and breathing is therefore critical for all infant mammals. Clinically, this coordination differs between term and preterm infants. However, the neurological mechanisms underlying this coordination and how it matures as infants grow are poorly understood. Here, we integrate high-resolution data from multiple physiologic processes across a longitudinal time frame to study suck-swallow-breathe dynamics in a preterm animal model, the infant pig. In doing so, we test the hypothesis that preterm birth will have an impact on some, but not all, behaviors associated with suck-swallow-breath performance. We hypothesize that coordination will be disrupted, reflecting incomplete connections in the brainstem. We found that preterm pigs became rhythmic and mature in sucking and swallowing behaviors, suggesting substantial postnatal maturation in the coordination of these behaviors. However, their ability to coordinate swallowing and breathing never developed. These results have implications for the nature of clinical care of human infants, as well as for how feeding processes develop in mammals. Clinically, they provide a foundation for developing interventions for preterm infants. Additionally, these results suggest that the lack of coordination between swallowing and breathing may be a significant factor in determining the minimum gestation time across mammals. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Preterm infants face a variety of challenges associated with safe feeding, but obtaining high-resolution longitudinal data to understand these challenges in humans is challenging. We used a pig model to acquire high-speed videofluoroscopic and respiratory inductance plethysmograph data throughout the nursing period to show that preterm birth does not have substantial impacts on the ability of infants to perform isolated behaviors. However, it does decrease the ability of preterm infants to coordinate among behaviors during feeding.

scholarly journals Extremely Preterm Infants Have a Higher Fat Mass Percentage in Comparison to Very Preterm Infants at Term-Equivalent Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlies Bruckner ◽  
Zahra Khan ◽  
Christoph Binder ◽  
Nicholas Morris ◽  
Bernadette Windisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Infants

scholarly journals Habituation as Parameter for Prediction of Mental Development in Healthy Preterm Infants

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (14) ◽  
pp. 1591-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Weber ◽  
Antoinette Depoorter ◽  
Patrick Hetzel ◽  
Sakari Lemola
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Learning Capability ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Developmental Index ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mental Developmental Index

The aim of this prospective pilot study was to evaluate the predictive value of discrimination and habituation, which was measured by mismatch negativity in 17 healthy very preterm (mean gestational age 27.4 weeks; range 25.0-31.3) and 16 term (mean gestational age 40.3 weeks; range 37.9-41.7) born infants at term equivalent age. Developmental outcome was measured by Bayley Scales of Infant Development–I in 13 preterm and 13 term-born children at a mean age of 21.7 months (±2.18) and 18.5 months (±1.9), respectively. No differences in amplitude and latency of the mismatch negativity were found between both groups at term equivalent age. Within the preterm group habituation capacity was positively correlated with the Mental Developmental Index ( r = .654, P = .008) and Performance Developmental Index ( r = .482, P = .048) at 21 months. Early learning capability, as measured by habituation, may be associated with a better prognosis for early mental development in healthy preterm infants.

scholarly journals Morphometric Measurements of Cranio-Vertebral Junction among Nepalese Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Kajan Ranabhat ◽  
Suresh Bishokarma ◽  
Prity Agrawal ◽  
Ram Kumar Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Craniovertebral Junction ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Junction Region ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Junction Area ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Metric Measurement ◽  
Morphology Parameters

The craniovertebral junction area refers to the osseous structures consisting of the occipital bone that surrounds the foramen magnum, the atlas, and the axis vertebrae. There is sparse literature about the morph metric measurement of craniovertebral junction region. We aim to derive a range of various measurements incraniovertebral junction area. This is a hospital based single center retrospective study conducted in our center among 100 consecutive computed tomography scans of craniovertebral junction obtained in adult patients who were admitted to our tertiary hospital for treatment of non-craniovertebraljunction conditions between 2017 and 2018.Various craniovertebral junction morphology parameters were measured and confidence interval at 95% were obtained the range at 2standard deviation. Among 100 patients studied, 51% of them were males while 49% were females. Mean age was 35.1±10.4 years with range from 15 to50 years. Computed tomography measurement of craniovertebral junction revealed meanders height of 30.8±2.5 mms, dento-clivaldistance was 5.9±1.6 mms and mean McRae’s distance of 34.2±2.49 mms. Similarly, anterioratlantodental interval was calculated to be1.83±0.47 mms and posterior atlantodentalinterval was 17.72±0.21 mms while Modified RW distance was 24.43±2.09 mms and Redlund Johnell distance was calculated to be 31.5±4.29mms. Normal morphometric measurements ofcraniovertebral junction can be useful for evaluating abnormalities of the craniovertebraljunction which can potentially improve the diagnostic criteria of most abnormalities.

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