Reappraising social emotions: the role of inferior frontal gyrus, temporo-parietal junction and insula in interpersonal emotion regulation

The COVID-19 outbreak has forced individuals to adjust to a new order in which their liberties are restricted and uncertainty rules. The current work examined the role of other-focusedemotion regulation (ER) training in enhancing coping efficacy and reducing COVID-19 worries. For that, during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Israel, we trained 59 young individuals to perform other-focused emotion regulation, by reappraising others’ written upsetting events. We compared this procedure to a self-reappraisal training, in which 49 participants were asked to reappraise own upsetting events. Both procedures were performed every other day for three weeks. Participants’ coping efficacy was assessed at the daily level, while worries concerning theCOVID-19 effects on health, economic status, and social life were assessed following the training and at a two-month follow-up. The results demonstrated that other-focused ER surpassed self-focused ER. Specifically, participants in the other-reappraisal group exhibited an increase in coping efficacy across the training sessions and a reduction in COVID-19 worries that persisted two months after the training. These findings highlight the role of interpersonal emotion regulation at times of crisis and social isolation.

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Dissociable Self Effects for Emotion Regulation: A Study of Chinese Major Depressive Outpatients

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/390865 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiaoxia Wang ◽

Zhengzhi Feng ◽

Daiquan Zhou ◽

Xu Lei ◽

Tongquan Liao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽

Group Differences ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Amygdala Activation ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

Ventral Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Emotion Regulation Strategy

Reappraisal is an adaptive emotion regulation strategy while the role of self-perspective in reappraisal process of depressed patients is largely unknown in terms of goals (valence/arousal) and tactics (detachment/immersion). In this study, 12 depressed individuals and 15 controls were scanned with MRI during which they either attend naturally to emotional stimuli, or adopt detachment/immersion strategy. Behaviorally, no group differences in self-reported emotion regulation effectiveness were found. In addition, we observed that (1) patients were less able to downregulate amygdala activation with recruitment of more dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) when adopting detachment strategy regardless of valence, and this preserved ability to regulate emotion was inversely associated with severity of symptoms; (2) patients had deficits in upregulating amygdala activation when adopting immersion strategy, with less inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activation and strengthening coupling of dlPFC and ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) with amygdala; (3) comparison between groups yielded that patients showed stronger vmPFC activation under either self-detached or self-immersed condition. In conclusion, impaired modulatory effects of amygdala in depressed patients are compensated with strengthening cognitive control resources, with dissociable effects for different self-perspectives in reappraisal. These results may help clarify the role of self-perspective underlying reappraisal in major depression.

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Integrating Empathy and Interpersonal Emotion Regulation

Annual Review of Psychology ◽

10.1146/annurev-psych-010419-050830 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 517-540 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jamil Zaki

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Close Relationships ◽

Real Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Social Emotions ◽

Interpersonal Emotion Regulation

When individuals experience empathy , they often seek to bolster others’ well-being. But what do empathizers want others to feel? Though psychologists have studied empathy and prosociality for decades, this question has yet to be clearly addressed. This is because virtually all existing research focuses on cases in which improving others’ well-being also comprises heightening their positive affect or decreasing their negative affect and helping them reach their own emotional goals. In this review, I argue that real-life empathic goals encompass a broader range—including sometimes worsening targets’ affect or contravening their wishes in order to improve their well-being—that can be productively integrated into the framework of interpersonal emotion regulation (IER). I review the empathic IER spectrum in a number of contexts, including close relationships, professional caregiving, and group-based emotions. Integrating empathy and IER provides a synthetic and generative way to ask new questions about how social emotions produce prosocial actions.

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Regulating own and teammates’ emotions prior to competition

Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité ◽

10.1051/sm/2019014 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 5-15

Author(s):

Andrew Friesen ◽

Damian Stanley ◽

Tracey Devonport ◽

Andrew M. Lane

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽

Athletic Competition ◽

Difference Variable ◽

Individual Difference Variable ◽

Interpersonal Emotion Regulation ◽

Regulation Strategies ◽

Reporting Frequency

We examined intra- and interpersonal emotion regulation in the hour prior to athletic competition. Specifically, we investigated the extent to which differences between experienced and desired emotions were related to emotion regulation processes. Participants (n = 114) from team/doubles sport rated their experienced and desired emotions before a recent competition, and listed strategies used to regulate emotions reporting frequency, effectiveness, and self-efficacy for each strategy used. They followed the same procedure in relation to perceived emotions in a teammate. Results show athletes who experienced emotions close to their desired states reported significantly higher regulatory emotional self-efficacy than those further from their desired states. Further, their emotion regulation strategies were used more frequently and were more effective. Qualitative results indicated that participants attempted to regulate similar emotions in themselves and others, but used different strategies to accomplish these tasks to different degrees of frequency. The findings highlight the role of self-efficacy in emotion regulation; an individual difference variable which merits attention in future emotion regulation interventions.

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The Relationship between Interpersonal Emotion Regulation and Interpersonal Competence Controlled for Emotion Dysregulation

International Journal of Higher Education ◽

10.5430/ijhe.v8n1p69 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

Asude Malkoç ◽

Meltem Aslan Gördesli ◽

Reyhan Arslan ◽

Ferah Çekici ◽

Zeynep Aydın Sünbül

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Emotion Dysregulation ◽

Private University ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Interpersonal Competency ◽

Male Undergraduate ◽

Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽

Interpersonal Emotion Regulation

The aim of this study is to examine the role of interpersonal emotion regulation on interpersonal competency when controlled for emotion dysregulation. The sample of the study consists of 342 (235 female; 107 male) undergraduate students attending to the various departments of a private university in Turkey. The average age of participants was 20.81 (SD=2.29). The Interpersonal Emotion Regulation Scale, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and Interpersonal Competency Scale were used. Analyses were conducted through the SPSS 20 (IBM, 2011). Results of hierarchical regression analysis revealed that interpersonal emotion regulation and emotion dysregulation seem to predict interpersonal competency. After controlling for the effect of emotion dysregulation, interpersonal emotion regulation alone explains 18% of the overall variance in interpersonal competency. Interpersonal emotion has the highest contribution on interpersonal competency followed by emotion dysregulation.

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Interpersonal Emotion Regulation and Psychological Distress: What Is the function of Negative Mood Regulation Expectancies in This Relationship?

Psychological Reports ◽

10.1177/0033294120968086 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 003329412096808

Author(s):

Elcin Ray-Yol ◽

Ayse Altan-Atalay

Keyword(s):

Emotion Regulation ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Negative Mood ◽

Mood Regulation ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Negative Mood Regulation Expectancies ◽

Interpersonal Emotion Regulation ◽

Negative Mood Regulation ◽

Relationship Of

Individuals’ tendency to use their interactions with others in the management of their own emotions is called Interpersonal Emotion Regulation (IER). Limited studies have explored the association between IER and psychological distress with none focusing on the role of mediating variables in this relationship. The current study aims to explore the role of negative mood regulation expectancies (NMRE), which is defined as one’s confidence in the effectiveness of their coping skills while dealing with difficult emotions, as a possible mechanism underlying the association between IER and psychological distress. The data were collected from 204 (164 women) Turkish speaking individuals whose age ranges between 18 and 32 ( M = 22.78, SD = 3.21). The participants completed measures of IER, NMRE and psychological distress. The results have indicated that NMRE has a significant mediating role in the relationship of Soothing dimension of IER with psychological distress. The present findings highlighted the maladaptive function of Soothing as an IER strategy in addition to shedding light on the important role of NMRE in this relationship.

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