scholarly journals Event-Related Potential Correlates of Valence, Arousal, and Subjective Significance in Processing of an Emotional Stroop Task

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil K. Imbir ◽  
Joanna Duda-Goławska ◽  
Maciej Pastwa ◽  
Marta Jankowska ◽  
Jarosław Żygierewicz
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Emotional Stroop Task ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Subjective Significance

The present study is the first to measure event-related potentials associated with the processing of the emotional Stroop task (EST) with the use of an orthogonal factorial manipulation for emotional valence, arousal, and subjective significance (the importance of the current experience for goals and plans for the future). The current study aimed to investigate concurrently the role of the three dimensions describing the emotion-laden words for interference control measured in the classical version of the EST paradigm. The results showed that reaction times were affected by the emotional valence of presented words and the interactive effect of valence and arousal. The expected emotional arousal effect was only found in behavioral results for neutrally valenced words. Electrophysiological results showed valence and subjective significance correlated with the amplitude differences in the P2 component. Moreover, the amplitude of the N450 component varied with the level of subjective significance. This study also demonstrated that exploratory event-related potential analysis provides additional information beyond the classical component-based analysis. The obtained results show that cognitive control effects in the EST may be altered by manipulation in the subjective significance dimension.

scholarly journals Event-related potentials during an emotional Stroop task

2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Thomas ◽  
Stuart J. Johnstone ◽  
Craig J. Gonsalvez
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Emotional Stroop Task ◽  
Related Potentials

scholarly journals Attentional Bias Deficits in Adolescent Suicide Attempters During an Emotional Stroop Task: An ERP Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paniz Tavakoli ◽  
Emily Jerome ◽  
Addo Boafo ◽  
Kenneth Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Stroop Task ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Emotional Stroop Task ◽  
Early Posterior Negativity ◽  
Related Potentials

There is increasing evidence that, in adolescence, attentional bias plays a critical role in the vulnerability for suicidal behaviour. No studies to date have investigated the neurophysiological correlates of attentional bias in adolescent suicidality. The present study uses event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate such processing in inpatient adolescents admitted for an acute suicide crisis using an Emotional Stroop Task (EST). In this task, participants are asked to name the colour of words varying in emotional valence (positive, negative, neutral, suicide-related). Suicidal individuals are hypothesised to be more preoccupied by the context of the suicide-related stimuli, which may interfere with their ability to perform the colour naming task. Seventeen adolescents with acute suicidal behaviour and 17 age- and gender-matched healthy controls performed an EST while ERPs were recorded. Suicide attempters showed increased reaction times to suicide-related words compared to other emotion categories, while the controls did not. The amplitude of the early posterior negativity (EPN) was not significantly different across groups or emotional valence. A double peak P3 (early-P3 and late-P3) was observed in both groups. Both the early- and late-P3 were significantly reduced in amplitude in the suicide attempter group compared to the control group, regardless of emotional valence. The late-P3 latency was also significantly delayed in the suicide attempters compared to controls. The behavioural findings support the attentional bias theories of suicide attempters and extend these findings to adolescents. Furthermore, large early- and late-P3 provide evidence that cognitive strategies employed by two groups did markedly differ.

Semantic Conflict Processing in the Color-Word Stroop and the Emotional Stroop

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 149-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Zurrón ◽  
Marta Ramos-Goicoa ◽  
Fernando Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Color Word ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Semantic Equivalence ◽  
Incongruent Color ◽  
Semantic Conflict ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Temporal Locus

With the aim of establishing the temporal locus of the semantic conflict in color-word Stroop and emotional Stroop phenomena, we analyzed the Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) elicited by nonwords, incongruent and congruent color words, colored words with positive and negative emotional valence, and colored words with neutral valence. The incongruent, positive, negative, and neutral stimuli produced interference in the behavioral response to the color of the stimuli. The P150/N170 amplitude was sensitive to the semantic equivalence of both dimensions of the congruent color words. The P3b amplitude was smaller in response to incongruent color words and to positive, negative, and neutral colored words than in response to the congruent color words and colored nonwords. There were no differences in the ERPs induced in response to colored words with positive, negative, and neutral valence. Therefore, the P3b amplitude was sensitive to interference from the semantic content of the incongruent, positive, negative, and neutral words in the color-response task, independently of the emotional content of the colored words. In addition, the P3b amplitude was smaller in response to colored words with positive, negative, and neutral valence than in response to the incongruent color words. Overall, these data indicate that the temporal locus of the semantic conflict generated by the incongruent color words (in the color-word Stroop task) and by colored words with positive, negative, and neutral valence (in the emotional Stroop task) appears to occur in the range 300–450 ms post-stimulus.

scholarly journals N450 and LPC Event-Related Potential Correlates of an Emotional Stroop Task with Words Differing in Valence and Emotional Origin

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil K. Imbir ◽  
Tomasz Spustek ◽  
Joanna Duda ◽  
Gabriela Bernatowicz ◽  
Jarosław Żygierewicz
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Emotional Stroop Task

scholarly journals Decline in attentional inhibition among migraine patients: an event‐related potential study using the Stroop task

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Su ◽  
Rongfei Wang ◽  
Zhao Dong ◽  
Dengfa Zhao ◽  
Shengyuan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Migraine Group ◽  
Attentional Inhibition

Abstract Background As a disorder of brain dysfunction, migraine has been associated with cognitive decline. However, no consistent results with respect to the attention function in migraineurs have been found, and the relationship between attentional inhibition and migraine is also unclear. In this study, the attentional inhibition function was evaluated using event-related potentials (ERPs) while migraine patients and healthy controls were performing the color–word Stroop task. Methods In this study, 75 migraine patients and 41 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls were enrolled. The Stroop task was performed, and both behavioral and ERP data were analyzed. Results As to the behavioral data, the migraine group had a longer reaction time compared to the control group, but no difference in Stroop effect was observed. With respect to ERP components, the amplitudes of both early and late medial frontal negativity (MFN) were decreased in the migraine group. Additionally, obvious differences in the early MFN and sustained potential (SP) amplitudes were found between patients with and without allodynia. Conclusions At the behavioral level, migraine patients exhibited decreased executive ability but no obvious decline in inhibition. By contrast, a decline in attentional inhibition during the migraine interictal phase was confirmed by the analysis of ERP components, mainly those associated with changes in the conflict-monitoring stage, independent of confounding factors such as age, education, medication and mood disorders. Migraine patients with allodynia exhibited some significant differences in early MFN and SP compared to those without, supporting the hypothesis that migraine chronification aggravates the decline in attentional inhibition.

scholarly journals Attentional bias during public speaking anxiety revealed using event-related potentials

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Farah Shahnaz Feroz ◽  
Ahmad Rifhan Salman ◽  
Muhammad Hairulnizam Mat Ali ◽  
Afiq Idzudden Ismail ◽  
S. Indra Devi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Attention Bias ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Public Speaking Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Speaking Anxiety ◽  
Related Potentials

<p>Analysis of brain signals and their properties provides valuable information regarding the underlying neural deficiencies and enables the diagnosis of attention bias related to public speaking anxiety (PSA). Although 25% people around the world suffer from PSA, currently, there exists a lack of standard assessment in diagnosing the severity of attention bias in individuals with PSA. This study aims to distinguish behavioral and neural abnormalities related to attentional bias during PSA by comparing reaction time (RT) and event-related potential (ERP) correlates of high (H) PSA and low (L) PSA individuals. 12 individuals suffering from HPSA and 12 individuals with LPSA participated in the modified emotional Stroop experiment. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded with the low cost, 14-channel Emotiv Epoc+. RT showed slower responses, linked to attentional deficits in HPSA individuals. ERP results revealed the P200 emotional Stroop biomarker, found to be linked to attentional bias in HPSA, but not in LPSA individuals. These results revealed significant RT and P200 ERP abnormalities related to attentional bias in HPSA individuals using the low-cost Emotiv Epoc+.</p>

scholarly journals Event-Related Potential Correlates of the Retrieval of Emotional and Nonemotional Context

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 760-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam P. R. Smith ◽  
Raymond J. Dolan ◽  
Michael D. Rugg
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Recognition Memory Test ◽  
Visual Objects ◽  
Related Potentials

In two experiments, we examined event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited in an old/new recognition memory test by emotionally neutral visual objects that, at encoding, had been associated with neutrally, negatively, or positively valenced background contexts. In Experiment 2, subjects also judged the context in which the item had been studied. In Experiment 1, “left parietal” old/new ERP effects were elicited by correctly recognized items. Items encoded in emotional contexts, but not those studied in neutral contexts, elicited additional effects early in the recording epoch over lateral temporal scalp and, later, over left temporo-frontal scalp. In Experiment 2, “left parietal” and “right frontal” ERP effects were elicited by recognized items that attracted correct source judgments. Additional effects, an early lateral temporal positivity and a late-onset, left-sided positivity, were elicited by items studied in emotionally valenced contexts and attracting correct source judgments. Together, the findings indicate that retrieval processing is influenced by the emotional valence of the context in which an item is encoded, regardless of whether contextual information is task relevant.

scholarly journals Emotional Modulation of Episodic Memory in School-Age Children and Adults: An Event-Related Potential Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1598
Author(s):  
Sarah Massol ◽  
Cora Caron ◽  
Nicolas Franck ◽  
Caroline Demily ◽  
Hanna Chainay
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Emotional Modulation ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Impact

The Emotional Enhancement of Memory (EEM) has been well-demonstrated in adults, but less is known about EEM in children. The present study tested the impact of emotional valence of pictures on episodic memory using behavioral and neurophysiological measures. Twenty-six 8- to 11-year-old children were tested and compared to 30 young adults. Both groups participated in pictures’ intentional encoding tasks while event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded, followed by immediate free recall tasks. Behavioral results revealed a general EEM in free recall performances in both groups, along with a negativity effect in children. ERP responses revealed a particular sensitivity to negative pictures in children with a late emotion effect at anterior clusters, as well as a greater successful encoding effect for emotional pictures compared to neutral ones. For adults, the emotion effect was more pronounced for positive pictures across all time windows from the centro-parietal to the frontal part, and localized in the left hemisphere. Positive pictures also elicited a greater successful encoding effect at anterior clusters in adults. By combining behavioral and neurophysiological measures to assess the EEM in children compared with adults, our study provides new knowledge concerning the interaction between emotional and memory processes during development.

scholarly journals Electrophysiological correlates of interference control in the modified emotional Stroop task with emotional stimuli differing in valence, arousal, and subjective significance

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258177
Author(s):  
Kamil K. Imbir ◽  
Maciej Pastwa ◽  
Joanna Duda-Goławska ◽  
Adam Sobieszek ◽  
Marta Jankowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Stroop Task ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Interference Control ◽  
Emotional Stroop Task ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Emotional Interference ◽  
Subjective Significance

The role of emotional factors in maintaining cognitive control is one of the most intriguing issues in understanding emotion-cognition interactions. In the current experiment, we assessed the role of emotional factors (valence, arousal, and subjective significance) in perceptual and conceptual inhibition processes. We operationalised both processes with the classical cognitive paradigms, i.e., the flanker task and the emotional Stroop task merged into a single experimental procedure. The procedure was based on the presentation of emotional words displayed in four different font colours flanked by the same emotional word printed with the same or different font colour. We expected to find distinct effects of both types of interference: earlier for perceptual and later for emotional interference. We also predicted an increased arousal level to disturb inhibitory control effectiveness, while increasing the subjective significance level should improve this process. As we used orthogonal manipulations of emotional factors, our study allowed us for the first time to assess interactions within emotional factors and between types of interference. We found on the behavioural level the main effects of flanker congruency as well as effects of emotionality. On the electrophysiological level, we found effects for EPN, P2, and N450 components of ERPs. The exploratory analysis revealed that effects due to perceptual interference appeared earlier than the effects of emotional interference, but they lasted for an extended period of processing, causing perceptual and emotional interference to partially overlap. Finally, in terms of emotional interference, we showed the effect of subjective significance: the reduction of interference cost in N450 for highly subjective significant stimuli. This study is the first one allowing for the investigation of two different types of interference in a single experiment, and provides insight into the role of emotion in cognitive control.

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