scholarly journals Decline in attentional inhibition among migraine patients: an event‐related potential study using the Stroop task

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Su ◽  
Rongfei Wang ◽  
Zhao Dong ◽  
Dengfa Zhao ◽  
Shengyuan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Migraine Group ◽  
Attentional Inhibition

Abstract Background As a disorder of brain dysfunction, migraine has been associated with cognitive decline. However, no consistent results with respect to the attention function in migraineurs have been found, and the relationship between attentional inhibition and migraine is also unclear. In this study, the attentional inhibition function was evaluated using event-related potentials (ERPs) while migraine patients and healthy controls were performing the color–word Stroop task. Methods In this study, 75 migraine patients and 41 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls were enrolled. The Stroop task was performed, and both behavioral and ERP data were analyzed. Results As to the behavioral data, the migraine group had a longer reaction time compared to the control group, but no difference in Stroop effect was observed. With respect to ERP components, the amplitudes of both early and late medial frontal negativity (MFN) were decreased in the migraine group. Additionally, obvious differences in the early MFN and sustained potential (SP) amplitudes were found between patients with and without allodynia. Conclusions At the behavioral level, migraine patients exhibited decreased executive ability but no obvious decline in inhibition. By contrast, a decline in attentional inhibition during the migraine interictal phase was confirmed by the analysis of ERP components, mainly those associated with changes in the conflict-monitoring stage, independent of confounding factors such as age, education, medication and mood disorders. Migraine patients with allodynia exhibited some significant differences in early MFN and SP compared to those without, supporting the hypothesis that migraine chronification aggravates the decline in attentional inhibition.

Abnormal Neural Basis of Emotional Conflict Control in Treatment-Resistant Depression

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Xue ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Xia Kong ◽  
Jiang Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Frontal Region ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Emotional Conflict ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Resistant Depression

Emotional conflict has received increased attention as a research topic. The objective of this study is to confirm that the processing of emotional conflict is impaired in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). We compared the event-related potentials of 17 patients with TRD and 17 healthy controls during the face-word Stroop task, which is an effective way of assessing the effects of emotional conflict directly. Compared with healthy controls, the accuracy scores of the TRD patients were lower in both “congruent stimuli” and “incongruent stimuli” conditions, and their response times were longer. The TRD patients also had larger N2 amplitudes over the frontal region, regardless of stimulus condition, which might reflect that TRD patients pay more attention to emotional information. A larger P3 amplitude over the frontal region for “incongruent stimuli minus congruent stimuli” was also found among patients with TRD, which indicates interference effects in the Stroop task. The results of this study provide novel behavioral and neurophysiological evidence of anomalies in cognitive inhibition among patients with TRD using the word-face task. These findings not only improve our understanding of deficient inhibition in TRD, but also pave the way for a cognitive neuropsychiatric model of depression.

scholarly journals Changes in face and face pareidolia processing in patients with migraine: an ERP study

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 876-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülsüm Akdeniz ◽  
Sadiye Gumusyayla ◽  
Gonul Vural ◽  
Hesna Bektas ◽  
Orhan Deniz
Keyword(s):  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Positive Potential ◽  
Cortical Hyperexcitability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Related Potentials

Migraine is a multifactorial brain disorder characterized by recurrent disabling headache attacks. One of the possible mechanisms in the pathogenesis of migraine may be a decrease in inhibitory cortical stimuli in the primary visual cortex attributable to cortical hyperexcitability. The aim of this study was to investigate the neural correlates underlying face and face pareidolia processing in terms of the event-related potential (ERP) components, N170, vertex positive potential (VPP), and N250, in patients with migraine. In total, 40 patients with migraine without aura, 23 patients with migraine and aura, and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. We recorded ERPs during the presentation of face and face pareidolia images. N170, VPP, and N250 mean amplitudes and latencies were examined. N170 was significantly greater in patients with migraine with aura than in healthy controls. VPP amplitude was significantly greater in patients with migraine without aura than in healthy controls. The face stimuli evoked significantly earlier VPP responses to faces (168.7 ms, SE = 1.46) than pareidolias (173.4 ms, SE = 1.41) in patients with migraine with aura. We did not find a significant difference between N250 amplitude for face and face pareidolia processing. A significant difference was observed between the groups for pareidolia in terms of N170 [F(2,86) = 14,75, P < 0.001] and VPP [F(2,86) = 16.43, P < 0.001] amplitudes. Early ERPs are a valuable tool to study the neural processing of face processing in patients with migraine to demonstrate visual cortical hyperexcitability. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Event-related potentials (ERPs) are important for understanding face and face pareidolia processing in patients with migraine. N170, vertex positive potential (VPP), and N250 ERPs were investigated. N170 was revealed as a potential component of cortical excitability for face and face pareidolia processing in patients with migraine.

scholarly journals S46. IMPAIRED ERROR-PROCESSING IN PATIENTS WITH FIRST-EPISODE PSYCHOSIS: AN EVENT-RELATED POTENTIAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S50-S50
Author(s):  
Jihye Park ◽  
Minah Kim ◽  
Wu Jeong Hwang ◽  
Jun Soo Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Correct Response ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Electrode Site ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Error Related Negativity ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Related Potentials

Abstract Background Impaired error/conflict monitoring as reflected in the event-related potentials (ERPs) has consistently reported in patients with schizophrenia. However, whether this impairment exist from the early phase of psychosis such as first-episode psychosis (FEP) is not yet been clearly reported. To investigate the presence of error/conflict monitoring deficit in early psychosis, we examined the error-related negativity (ERN), error-related positivity (Pe), and correct-response negativity (CRN) during the Go/Nogo task in the patients with FEP. Methods 25 patients with and 25 age, sex matched healthy controls (HCs) were participated in electroencephalographic recording during the Go/Nogo task. Trials with error response was analyzed to define ERN at Fz electrode site and Pe at Pz electrode site. Trials with correct response was used for CRN analysis at Fz electrode site. Independent samples t-test was used to compare the amplitudes of ERP components between FEP and HC groups. Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed to reveal the relationship of altered ERP component with symptomatic severity in patients with schizophrenia. Results FEP patients showed significantly smaller ERN amplitude at Fz electrode site compared to HCs (t=-3.294, p=0.002). However, there was no difference of CRN (t=0.017, p=0.986) and Pe (t=1.806, p=0.077) amplitudes between FEP and HC groups. There was no significant correlation of symptomatic severity and ERN amplitude at Fz electrode site in FEP patients. Discussion These findings suggest that impairments in error/conflict monitoring as reflected by ERN amplitude exist from the early course of psychotic disorder. Future study with larger sample size and subjects at earlier phase such as clinical high risk for psychosis would be needed to confirm the findings of current study.

scholarly journals Event-related potential examination of facial affect processing in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Wynn ◽  
C. Jahshan ◽  
L. L. Altshuler ◽  
D. C. Glahn ◽  
M. F. Green
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Affect Processing

BackgroundPatients with bipolar disorder exhibit consistent deficits in facial affect identification at both behavioral and neural levels. However, little is known about which stages of facial affect processing are dysfunctional.MethodEvent-related potentials (ERPs), including amplitude and latency, were used to evaluate two stages of facial affect processing: N170 to examine structural encoding of facial features and N250 to examine decoding of facial features in 57 bipolar disorder patients, 30 schizophrenia patients and 30 healthy controls. Three conditions were administered: participants were asked to identify the emotion of a face, the gender of a face, or whether a building was one or two stories tall.ResultsSchizophrenia patients' emotion identification accuracy was lower than that of bipolar patients and healthy controls. N170 amplitude was significantly smaller in schizophrenia patients compared to bipolar patients and healthy controls, which did not differ from each other. Both patient groups had significantly longer N170 latency compared to healthy controls. For N250, both patient groups showed significantly smaller amplitudes compared with controls, but did not differ from each other. Bipolar patients showed longer N250 latency than healthy controls; patient groups did not differ from each other.ConclusionsBipolar disorder patients have relatively intact structural encoding of faces (N170) but are impaired when decoding facial features for complex judgments about faces (N250 latency and amplitude), such as identifying emotion or gender.

scholarly journals Electroencephalographic Parameters Differentiating Melancholic Depression, Non-melancholic Depression, and Healthy Controls. A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Fussing Bruun ◽  
Caroline Juhl Arnbjerg ◽  
Lars Vedel Kessing
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Melancholic Depression ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Almost All

Introduction: The objective of this systematic review was to investigate whether electroencephalographic parameters can serve as a tool to distinguish between melancholic depression, non-melancholic depression, and healthy controls in adults.Methods: A systematic review comprising an extensive literature search conducted in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and PsycINFO in August 2020 with monthly updates until November 1st, 2020. In addition, we performed a citation search and scanned reference lists. Clinical trials that performed an EEG-based examination on an adult patient group diagnosed with melancholic unipolar depression and compared with a control group of non-melancholic unipolar depression and/or healthy controls were eligible. Risk of bias was assessed by the Strengthening of Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist.Results: A total of 24 studies, all case-control design, met the inclusion criteria and could be divided into three subgroups: Resting state studies (n = 5), sleep EEG studies (n = 10), and event-related potentials (ERP) studies (n = 9). Within each subgroup, studies were characterized by marked variability on almost all levels, preventing pooling of data, and many studies were subject to weighty methodological problems. However, the main part of the studies identified one or several EEG parameters that differentiated the groups.Conclusions: Multiple EEG modalities showed an ability to distinguish melancholic patients from non-melancholic patients and/or healthy controls. The considerable heterogeneity across studies and the frequent methodological difficulties at the individual study level were the main limitations to this work. Also, the underlying premise of shifting diagnostic paradigms may have resulted in an inhomogeneous patient population.Systematic Review Registration: Registered in the PROSPERO registry on August 8th, 2020, registration number CRD42020197472.

scholarly journals Neuronal Correlates of Cognitive Control Are Altered in Women With Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Z. Steiner ◽  
Robert J. Barry ◽  
Katherine Wassink ◽  
Frances M. De Blasio ◽  
Jack S. Fogarty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Pelvic Pain ◽  
Chronic Pelvic Pain ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Related Potentials

Endometriosis is a debilitating women's health condition and is the most common cause of chronic pelvic pain. Impaired cognitive control is common in chronic pain conditions, however, it has not yet been investigated in endometriosis. The aim of this study was to explore the neuronal correlates of cognitive control in women with endometriosis. Using a cross-sectional study design with data collected at a single time-point, event-related potentials were elicited during a cued continuous performance test from 20 women with endometriosis (mean age = 28.5 ± 5.2 years) and 20 age- and gender-matched controls (mean age = 28.5 ± 5.2 years). Event-related potential components were extracted and P3 component amplitudes were derived with temporal principal components analysis. Behavioral and ERP outcomes were compared between groups and subjective pain severity was correlated with ERP component amplitudes. No significant behavioral differences were seen in task performance between the groups (all p &gt; 0.094). Target P3b (all p &lt; 0.034) and SW (all p &lt; 0.040), and non-target early P3a (eP3a; all p &lt; 0.023) and late P3a (lP3a; all p &lt; 0.035) amplitudes were smaller for the endometriosis compared to the healthy control group. Lower non-target eP3a (p &lt; 0.001), lP3a (p = 0.013), and SW (p = 0.019) amplitudes were correlated with higher pain severity scores. Findings suggest that endometriosis-associated chronic pelvic pain is linked to alterations in stimulus-response processing and inhibitory control networks, but not impaired behavioral performance, due to compensatory neuroplastic changes in overlapping cognitive control and pain networks.

scholarly journals Mindfulness Training Enhances Endurance Performance and Executive Functions in Athletes: An Event-Related Potential Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jui-Ti Nien ◽  
Chih-Han Wu ◽  
Kao-Teng Yang ◽  
Yu-Min Cho ◽  
Chien-Heng Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Stroop Task ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
University Athletes

Mindfulness interventions have been linked to improved sport performance and executive functions; however, few studies have explored the effects of mindfulness on sport performance and executive functions simultaneously. This study sought to examine whether a mindfulness training program would affect both the endurance performance and executive functions of athletes. In addition, event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with the Stroop task were assessed to investigate the potential electrophysiological activation associated with the mindfulness training. Applying a quasiexperimental design, forty-six university athletes were recruited and assigned into a five-week mindfulness training program or a waiting list control group. For each participant, the mindfulness level, endurance performance assessed by a graded exercise test, executive functions assessed via Stroop task, and N2 component of ERPs were measured prior to and following the 5-week intervention. After adjusting for the preintervention scores as a covariate, it was found that the postintervention mindfulness level, exhaustion time, and Stroop task accuracy scores, regardless of task condition, of the mindfulness group were higher than those of the control group. The mindfulness group also exhibited a smaller N2 amplitude than the control group. These results suggest that the five-week mindfulness program can enhance the mindfulness level, endurance performance, and multiple cognitive functions, including executive functions, of university athletes. Mindfulness training may also reduce conflict monitoring in neural processes.

scholarly journals Response inhibition alterations in migraine: evidence from event-related potentials and evoked oscillations

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoliang Chen ◽  
Yansong Li ◽  
Zhao Dong ◽  
Rongfei Wang ◽  
Dengfa Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Prepotent Responses

Abstract Background Migraine is characterized by a hypersensitivity to environmental stimulation which climaxes during headache attacks but persists during attack-free period. Despite ongoing debates about the nature of the mechanisms giving rise to this abnormality, the presence of deficient inhibitory cortical processes has been proposed to be one possible mechanism underlying its pathogenesis. Empirical evidence supporting this claim is mainly based on previous accounts showing functional cortical disexcitability in the sensory domain. Considering that a general inhibitory control process can play an important role across early to later stage of information processing, this may indicate the important role other dimensions of inhibitory control can play in migraine disability. The present study examined the pathophysiological features of inhibitory control that takes place during suppression of prepotent responses in migraineurs. Methods Twenty-two patients with migraine without aura (mean age = 30.86 ± 5.69 years; 19 females) during the interictal period and 25 healthy controls (mean age = 30.24 ± 3.52 years; 18 females) were recruited. We used a stop signal task in combination with event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine participants’ neural activity supporting response inhibition. Results Behaviorally, migraineurs exhibited prolonged stop signal reaction times relative to healthy controls. At the neural level, the amplitude of the stop-N2 over fronto-central, central and centro-parietal scalp regions, a component of the ERPs related to conflict monitoring during early, non-motoric stages of inhibition, was significantly increased in migraineurs. Meanwhile, the amplitude of the stop-P3 over central and centro-parietal scalp regions, a component of the ERPs reflecting late-stage inhibition of the motor system and cognitive evaluation of motor inhibition, was also significantly increased in migraineurs. Ultimately, our time-frequency analysis further revealed increased delta activity in migraineurs. Conclusions Consistent with the theory that alterations in cognitive cortical processes are a key signature of migraine, our findings revealed an abnormal state of suppressing prepotent responses in migraineurs, which can be attributed to cortical disexcitability of the pre-frontal executive network and centro-parietal sensorimotor network. These novel findings extend to show the existence of dysfunctional inhibition control that occurs during suppression of prepotent responses in migraneurs.

Psychophysiological Correlates of Emotional- and Alcohol-Related Cues Processing in Offspring of Alcohol-Dependent Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-381
Author(s):  
I Dominguez-Centeno ◽  
R Jurado-Barba ◽  
A Sion ◽  
A Martínez-Maldonado ◽  
G Castillo-Parra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Theta Power ◽  
Affective Stimuli ◽  
Early Posterior Negativity ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Abstract Aims To determinate if offspring of alcohol-dependent patients (OA) process affective stimuli and alcohol-related cues in a different manner than control subjects do. Methods Event-related potentials (early posterior negativity [EPN]/ late positive potential [LPP]) and event-related oscillations (Theta) were obtained by electroencephalographic (EEG) recording during the viewing of International Affective Picture System (IAPS) images with positive, negative and neutral valence, as well as alcohol-related cues. The total sample was comprised of 60 participants, divided into two groups: one group consisted of OA (30) and the control group of participants with negative family history of alcohol use disorders (30). Results Theta power analysis implies a significant interaction between condition, region and group factors. Post-hoc analysis indicates an increased theta power for the OA at different regions, during pleasant (frontal, central, parietal, occipital, right temporal); unpleasant (frontal, central, occipital); alcohol (frontal, central, parietal, occipital, right and left temporal) and neutral (occipital) cues. There are no group differences regarding any of the event-related potential measurements (EPN/LPP). Conclusions There is evidence of alterations in the processing of affective stimuli and alcohol-related information, evidenced by changes in theta brain oscillations. These alterations are characterized by an increased emotional reactivity, evidenced by increased theta at posterior sites. There is also an increased recruitment of emotion control, which could be a compensation mechanism, evidenced by increased theta power at anterior sites during affective stimuli and alcohol cues.

scholarly journals Mild cognitive impairment in mild brain injury (MBI) patients: An event related potential (ERP) and neuropsychology study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-566
Author(s):  
Faruque Reza ◽  
Tahamina Begum
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Auditory Memory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Mild Brain Injury ◽  
Related Potentials

Objectives: To evaluate auditory cognitive function in mild brain injury (MBI) patients, which is important to determine for rehabilitation and improve quality of their life. Methods: Participants (n=19/group) were divided into group 1 (G1-control), group 2 (G2/1st test-MBI/within 7 days of road traffic accident-RTA) and group 3 (G3/2nd test-MBI/2-6 months after RTA). Event related potentials (ERPs) were conducted using a 128-sensor net; participants counted silently rare target tone stimuli and ignored standard tones. Several neuropsychology tests like Verbal fluency test (PAS), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Rey Auditory Verbal and Learning Test (RAVLTIM, RAVLTDR and RAVLTTS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were subsequently administered. Results: Sensory (P50, N100) and cognitive (P300) ERP components were analysed from ERP waveforms. There were no significant group differences in amplitudes or latencies for all components across sites except P300 component amplitudes at T6 location. P50, N100 and P300 ERP components exhibited non-significantly increased amplitudes in G2 and G3 compared with G1 at all sites; non-significantly shorter latencies were identified at various sites. At several locations, G3 evoked non-significantly increased amplitudes and longer latencies with shorter latencies to other sites compared with G2 in all components. The MBI (G3) group exhibited significantly increased WCST, RAVLTIM and RAVLTDR scores compared with G1. Conclusion: These findings indicate MBI patients may have mild auditory, cognitive and executive dysfunctions with good auditory memory. MBI was associated with mild depression. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(3) 2019 p.557-566

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