scholarly journals Changes of Metabolites in Acute Ischemic Stroke and Its Subtypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Luyang Zhang ◽  
Wenxian Sun ◽  
Lu-lu Pei ◽  
Mengke Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanisms ◽  
Small Artery Occlusion ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Existing techniques have many limitations in the diagnosis and classification of ischemic stroke (IS). Considering this, we used metabolomics to screen for potential biomarkers of IS and its subtypes and to explore the underlying related pathophysiological mechanisms. Serum samples from 99 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) [the AIS subtypes included 49 patients with large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) and 50 patients with small artery occlusion (SAO)] and 50 matched healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed by non-targeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. A multivariate statistical analysis was performed to identify potential biomarkers. There were 18 significantly different metabolites, such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, L-glutamine, L-arginine, and L-proline, between patients with AIS and HCs. These different metabolites are closely related to many metabolic pathways, such as fatty acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. There were also differences in metabolic profiling between the LAA and SAO groups. There were eight different metabolites, including L-pipecolic acid, 1-Methylhistidine, PE, LysoPE, and LysoPC, which affected glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis, histidine metabolism, and lysine degradation. Our study effectively identified the metabolic profiles of IS and its subtypes. The different metabolites between LAA and SAO may be potential biomarkers in the context of clinical diagnosis. These results highlight the potential of metabolomics to reveal new pathways for IS subtypes and provide a new avenue to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying IS and its subtypes.

Abstract TP165: Mortality After Large Artery Occlusion Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul R Karamchandani ◽  
Jeremy Rhoten ◽  
Edwin Strong ◽  
Brenda Chang ◽  
Sam Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Social Security Death Index

Introduction: Despite randomized trials demonstrating the benefit of endovascular therapy (EVT), large artery occlusion (LAO) acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains associated with high mortality. Identifying factors associated with mortality for patients presenting with LAO AIS can assist in therapeutic decision-making and prognostication. Hypothesis: Among patients with LAO AIS, factors associated with 90-day mortality include older age, higher presenting NIHSS score, and lower final Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) score. Methods: From November 2016 to April 2019, we conducted a retrospective analysis from a large healthcare system’s stroke network registry of patients presenting with ICA and/or MCA occlusions. Ninety-day mortality status from registry follow-up was corroborated with the Social Security Death Index. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to determine demographic and clinical characteristics associated with 90-day mortality. Results: Among 796 patients with 800 encounters, mean age was 68 years, 52% were women, mean presenting NIHSS was 14, and 97% presented within 24 hours of last known well time. Fifty-one percent were treated with EVT. Mortality rate for the entire cohort was 25%. In a univariate analysis, there were significant differences in age, gender, race, blood glucose, presenting NIHSS, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, CTP core volume, CTP delayed perfusion volume, EVT treatment, number of passes for EVT, final TICI score, and discharge mRS, between patients with and without 90-day mortality. In the multivariable model, increasing age (per 10 years, OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.20, 1.97) and higher discharge mRS (per 1 point, OR 4.47, 95% CI 3.05, 6.55) were associated with 90-day mortality. Female gender (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.27, 1.18) and final TICI score of 2B or better (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.18, 1.01) were protective against 90-day mortality. Conclusions: Increasing age and worse discharge functional outcome are associated with 90-day mortality after LAO AIS. Female gender and better revascularization after EVT are associated with lower mortality. Additional studies are required to refine mortality outcome prediction models for patients presenting with LAO AIS.

scholarly journals Endovascular Recanalization in Early Recurrent Ischemic Stroke: A Treatment Challenge

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Huong Bich Thi Nguyen ◽  
Thang Huy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Reperfusion Therapy ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Endovascular Recanalization

Reperfusion therapy is the most effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke. At present, many clinical studies have shown that mechanical thrombectomy is efficient and safe for acute ischemic stroke of large artery occlusion disease in the time window of 24 h. However, there is limited information on the safety and effectiveness of this technique in cases of recurrent ischemic stroke. We report a case of early recurrent stroke of the anterior circulation after a week of the first stroke. Imaging examinations showed that there existed occlusion of corresponding vessels and obvious ischemic penumbra. Symptoms of the patient were progressive worsening and medical treatment failed; therefore, the corresponding vessel was opened. The low perfusion status in brain tissue and clinical defect symptoms of the patients have improved a lot. In conclusion, thrombectomy for early recurrent ischemic stroke may be effective. Moreover, there may be a wider reperfusion time window for ischemic stroke patients.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the process and outcome of thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 664-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Yanfei Chen ◽  
Yabing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Medical Work ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Hospital Arrival ◽  
Comprehensive Stroke Center ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still spreading across the world. Although the pandemic has an all-round impact on medical work, the degree of its impact on endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is unclear.MethodsWe continuously included AIS patients with large artery occlusion who underwent EVT in a comprehensive stroke center before and during the Wuhan shutdown. The protected code stroke (PCS) for screening and treating AIS patients was established during the pandemic. The efficacy and safety outcomes including the rate of successful reperfusion (defined as modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) graded 2b or 3) and time intervals for reperfusion were compared between two groups: pre-pandemic and pandemic.ResultsA total of 55 AIS patients who received EVT were included. The baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. The time from hospital arrival to puncture (174 vs 125.5 min; p=0.002) and time from hospital arrival to reperfusion (213 vs 172 min; p=0.047) were significantly prolonged in the pandemic group compared with the pre-pandemic group. The rate of successful reperfusion was not significantly different between the two groups (85.7% (n=18) vs 88.2% (n=30); OR 0.971, 95% CI 0.785 to 1.203; p=1.000).ConclusionThe results of this study suggest a proper PCS algorithm which combines the COVID-19 screening and protection measures could decrease the impact of the disease on the clinical outcomes of EVT for AIS patients to the lowest extent possible during the pandemic.

D-dimers increase in acute ischemic stroke patients with the large artery occlusion, but do not depend on the time of artery recanalization

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Školoudík ◽  
Michal Bar ◽  
Daniel Šaňák ◽  
Petr Bardoň ◽  
Martin Roubec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Stroke Patients

Abstract WMP5: Predictors and Clinical Relevance of Hemorrhagic Transformation after Endovascular Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: a Multicenter Retrospective Analysis of 1122 Patients

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul G Nogueira ◽  
Rishi Gupta ◽  
Tudor G Jovin ◽  
Elad I Levy ◽  
David Liebeskind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Endovascular Therapy ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Anterior Circulation

Background and Purpose: Endovascular techniques are frequently employed to treat large artery occlusion in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We sought to determine the predictors and clinical impact of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) after endovascular therapy. Methods: Retrospective analysis of consecutive patients presenting to 13 high-volume stroke centers with AIS due to proximal occlusion in the anterior circulation who underwent endovascular treatment within 8 hours from symptom onset. Logistic regression was performed to determine the variables associated with ICH, hemorrhagic infarction (HI), and parenchymal hematomas (PH) as well as 90-day poor outcome (mRS≥3), and mortality. Results: A total of 1122 patients (mean age, 67±15 years; median NIHSS, 17 [IQR13-20]) were studied. Independent predictors for HI included diabetes mellitus (OR 2.27, 95%CI [1.58-3.26], p<0.0001), pre-procedure IV tPA (1.43[1.03-2.08], p<0.037), Merci thrombectomy (1.47[1.02-2.12], p<0.032), and longer time to puncture (1.001[1.00-1.002], p<0.026). Patients with atrial fibrillation (1.61[1.01-2.55], p<0.045) had a higher risk of parenchymal hematomas (PH) while the use of intra-arterial tPA (0.57[0.35-0.90], p<0.008) was associated with lower chances of PH. Both the presence of HI (2.23[1.53-3.25], p< 0.0001) and PH (6.24[3.06-12.75], p< 0.0001) were associated with poor functional outcomes; however, only PH was associated with higher mortality (3.53[2.19-5.68], p<0.0001). Conclusions: In AIS patients undergoing endovascular therapy, diabetes mellitus, longer time to treatment, and Merci thrombectomy appear to be associated with a higher risk for HI while atrial fibrillation appears to result in a higher risk for PH. While both HI and PH are associated with poor outcomes only PH is associated with higher mortality.

Abstract WP40: “Good” Angiographic Collateral Circulation Correlates With Lower Dwi Infarct Volumes In Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Cheng-Ching ◽  
Dolora Wisco ◽  
Shumei Man ◽  
Ferdinand Hui ◽  
Gabor Toth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Collateral Circulation ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vessel Occlusion

Background and purpose Large artery occlusion leads to ischemic stroke which volume is influenced by time from symptom onset. This effect is modulated by several factors, including the presence and degree of collateral circulation. We analyze the correlation between a standard angiographic collateral grading system and DWI infarct volumes. Methods We reviewed a prospectively collected retrospective database of ischemic stroke patients admitted between august of 2006 and december of 2011. We included patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke presenting within 8 hours from symptom onset with large vessel occlusion, who underwent pre-treatment MRI and endovascular therapy. DWI infarct volumes were measured by region of interest. ASITN collateral grading system was used and grouped into “good collaterals” for grades 3 and 4, and “poor collaterals” for grades 0, 1 and 2. JMP statistical software was utilized. Results 152 patients (71 (46.7%) male, mean age: 68±15 years;) were included in the initial analysis. We identified 49 patients who had angiographic collateral circulation grading. Seven patients had ASITN collateral grade 0 with mean infarct volume of 27.6 cc, 25 had collateral grade of 1 with mean infarct volume of 27.9 cc, 10 had collateral grade of 2 with mean infarct volume of 23.4 cc, 5 had collateral grade of 3 with mean infarct volume of 6.3 cc, and 2 had collateral grade of 4 with mean infarct volume of 14.6 cc. Forty two patients had “poor collaterals” with a mean infarct volume of 26.8 cc. Seven patients had “good collaterals” with mean infarct volume of 8.7 cc. When comparing the infarct volumes between these two groups, the difference was statistically significant (p=0.017). Conclusions In anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke, “good” angiographic collateral circulation defined as ASITN grading system of 3 or 4, correlates with lower infarct volumes on presentation.

Abstract 75: A Retrospective Multicenter Study of Solitaire™ FR for Revascularization in the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoni Dávalos ◽  
Jan Gralla ◽  
Alain Bonafé ◽  
René Chapot ◽  
Tommy Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Rescue Therapy ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Score Improvement ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Device Use ◽  
Solitaire Fr

Background & purpose: To evaluate safety and efficacy of the Solitaire FR in the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) secondary to large artery occlusion. Methods: Retrospective study of consecutive patients presenting with AIS treated with Solitaire FR as the first choice device to restore blood flow in 6 experienced European sites according to the hospitals’ stroke protocols (direct IA, bridging IV t-PA/IA and failed or contraindicated IV t-PA). Sites provided patient information at pre-procedure, procedure, 24hrs, discharge and 90 days. An independent Core Lab evaluated TICI scores on the pre-procedure and post-procedure angiograms. Recanalization was defined as TICI 2 or 3 post Solitaire FR device use and prior to any rescue therapy. Baseline and post-treatment brain CT or MRI were also centrally reviewed for symptomatic ICH classification (PH2 + death or neurologic deterioration). Good early neurological outcome was defined as NIHSS score improvement of ≥10 points or NIHSS 0,1 at discharge, and favourable functional outcome as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤ 2 at day 90. Patients with missing mRS data were judged to have worst possible outcome for data analysis. Results: Of the 206 patients treated with Solitaire FR, the device was used as first line treatment in 141 patients (mean age, 66; median NIHSS, 18): 74 patients were treated with IV t-PA prior to endovascular treatment, 56 had contra indication to IV t-PA and 11 were directly treated IA. Safety and efficacy results in the overall and IV t-PA treated patients are shown in the table . The mean number of recoveries was 1.8 and median time from groin puncture to successful revascularization was 45 minutes. Conclusions: This retrospective, uncontrolled study shows that Solitaire FR is safe and achieves good revascularization rates and functional outcomes in patients with AIS and large artery occlusion.

scholarly journals Detailed phenotyping of posterior vs. anterior circulation ischemic stroke: a multi-center MRI study

2019 ◽  
Vol 267 (3) ◽  
pp. 649-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petrea Frid ◽  
◽  
Mattias Drake ◽  
A. K. Giese ◽  
J. Wasselius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Small Artery ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Lesion Location ◽  
Stroke Subtypes ◽  
Small Artery Occlusion ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Objective Posterior circulation ischemic stroke (PCiS) constitutes 20–30% of ischemic stroke cases. Detailed information about differences between PCiS and anterior circulation ischemic stroke (ACiS) remains scarce. Such information might guide clinical decision making and prevention strategies. We studied risk factors and ischemic stroke subtypes in PCiS vs. ACiS and lesion location on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in PCiS. Methods Out of 3,301 MRIs from 12 sites in the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) Stroke Genetics Network (SiGN), we included 2,381 cases with acute DWI lesions. The definition of ACiS or PCiS was based on lesion location. We compared the groups using Chi-squared and logistic regression. Results PCiS occurred in 718 (30%) patients and ACiS in 1663 (70%). Diabetes and male sex were more common in PCiS vs. ACiS (diabetes 27% vs. 23%, p < 0.05; male sex 68% vs. 58%, p < 0.001). Both were independently associated with PCiS (diabetes, OR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.04–1.61; male sex, OR = 1.46; 95% CI 1.21–1.78). ACiS more commonly had large artery atherosclerosis (25% vs. 20%, p < 0.01) and cardioembolic mechanisms (17% vs. 11%, p < 0.001) compared to PCiS. Small artery occlusion was more common in PCiS vs. ACiS (20% vs. 14%, p < 0.001). Small artery occlusion accounted for 47% of solitary brainstem infarctions. Conclusion Ischemic stroke subtypes differ between the two phenotypes. Diabetes and male sex have a stronger association with PCiS than ACiS. Definitive MRI-based PCiS diagnosis aids etiological investigation and contributes additional insights into specific risk factors and mechanisms of injury in PCiS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document