scholarly journals Altered Functional Network in Infants With Profound Bilateral Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Graph Theory Analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenzhuo Cui ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Boyu Chen ◽  
Guoguang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Graph Theory ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Small World ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Functional Network ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Functional Reorganization ◽  
Graph Theory Analysis

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have suggested that there is a functional reorganization of brain areas in patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Recently, graph theory analysis has brought a new understanding of the functional connectome and topological features in central neural system diseases. However, little is known about the functional network topology changes in SNHL patients, especially in infants. In this study, 34 infants with profound bilateral congenital SNHL and 28 infants with normal hearing aged 11–36 months were recruited. No difference was found in small-world parameters and network efficiency parameters. Differences in global and nodal topologic organization, hub distribution, and whole-brain functional connectivity were explored using graph theory analysis. Both normal-hearing infants and SNHL infants exhibited small-world topology. Furthermore, the SNHL group showed a decreased nodal degree in the bilateral thalamus. Six hubs in the SNHL group and seven hubs in the normal-hearing group were identified. The left middle temporal gyrus was a hub only in the SNHL group, while the right parahippocampal gyrus and bilateral temporal pole were hubs only in the normal-hearing group. Functional connectivity between auditory regions and motor regions, between auditory regions and default-mode-network (DMN) regions, and within DMN regions was found to be decreased in the SNHL group. These results indicate a functional reorganization of brain functional networks as a result of hearing loss. This study provides evidence that functional reorganization occurs in the early stage of life in infants with profound bilateral congenital SNHL from the perspective of complex networks.

scholarly journals Dynamic Network Connectivity Reveals Markers of Response to Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyuan Wu ◽  
Caio Matias ◽  
Thomas Foltynie ◽  
Patricia Limousin ◽  
Ludvic Zrinzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Network Properties ◽  
Brain States ◽  
Graph Theory Analysis ◽  
Stn Dbs ◽  
Deep Brain

Background: Neuronal loss in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) leads to widespread neural network dysfunction. While graph theory allows for analysis of whole brain networks, patterns of functional connectivity (FC) associated with motor response to deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) have yet to be explored.Objective/Hypothesis: To investigate the distributed network properties associated with STN-DBS in patients with advanced PD.Methods: Eighteen patients underwent 3-Tesla resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) prior to STN-DBS. Improvement in UPDRS-III scores following STN-DBS were assessed 1 year after implantation. Independent component analysis (ICA) was applied to extract spatially independent components (ICs) from the rs-fMRI. FC between ICs was calculated across the entire time series and for dynamic brain states. Graph theory analysis was performed to investigate whole brain network topography in static and dynamic states.Results: Dynamic analysis identified two unique brain states: a relative hypoconnected state and a relative hyperconnected state. Time spent in a state, dwell time, and number of transitions were not correlated with DBS response. There were no significant FC findings, but graph theory analysis demonstrated significant relationships with STN-DBS response only during the hypoconnected state – STN-DBS was negatively correlated with network assortativity.Conclusion: Given the widespread effects of dopamine depletion in PD, analysis of whole brain networks is critical to our understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease. Only by leveraging graph theoretical analysis of dynamic FC were we able to isolate a hypoconnected brain state that contained distinct network properties associated with the clinical effects of STN-DBS.

scholarly journals Effect of sinusoidally amplitude modulated broadband noise stimuli on stream segregation in individuals with sensorineural hearing loss

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jawahar Antony P ◽  
Animesh Barman
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Amplitude Modulation ◽  
Modulation Frequency ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Broadband Noise ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Stream Segregation ◽  
Temporal Cues

Background and Aim: Auditory stream segre­gation is a phenomenon that splits sounds into different streams. The temporal cues that contri­bute for stream segregation have been previ­ously studied in normal hearing people. In peo­ple with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), the cues for temporal envelope coding is not usually affected, while the temporal fine structure cues are affected. These two temporal cues depend on the amplitude modulation frequency. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of sin­usoidal amplitude modulated (SAM) broadband noises on stream segregation in individuals with SNHL. Methods: Thirty normal hearing subjects and 30 subjects with mild to moderate bilateral SNHL participated in the study. Two experi­ments were performed; in the first experiment, the AB sequence of broadband SAM stimuli was presented, while in the second experiment, only B sequence was presented. A low (16 Hz) and a high (256 kHz) standard modulation fre­quency were used in these experiments. The subjects were asked to find the irregularities in the rhythmic sequence. Results: Both the study groups could identify the irregularities similarly in both the experi­ments. The minimum cumulative delay was sli­ghtly higher in the SNHL group. Conclusion: It is suggested that the temporal cues provided by the broadband SAM noises for low and high standard modulation frequencies were not used for stream segregation by either normal hearing subjects or those with SNHL. Keywords: Stream segregation; sinusoidal amplitude modulation; sensorineural hearing loss

scholarly journals The use of speech sentence audiometry in a free sound field

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Mariya Yu. Boboshko ◽  
Irina P. Berdnikova ◽  
Natalya V. Maltzeva
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Sound Field ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hearing Aid Benefit

Objectives -to determine the normative data of sentence speech intelligibility in a free sound field and to estimate the applicability of the Russian Matrix Sentence test (RuMatrix) for assessment of the hearing aid fitting benefit. Material and methods. 10 people with normal hearing and 28 users of hearing aids with moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss were involved in the study. RuMatrix test both in quiet and in noise was performed in a free sound field. All patients filled in the COSI questionnaire. Results. The hearing impaired patients were divided into two subgroups: the 1st with high and the 2nd with low hearing aid benefit, according to the COSI questionnaire. In the 1st subgroup, the threshold for the sentence intelligibility in quiet was 34.9 ± 6.4 dB SPL, and in noise -3.3 ± 1.4 dB SNR, in the 2nd subgroup 41.7 ± 11.5 dB SPL and 0.15 ± 3.45 dB SNR, respectively. The significant difference between the data of both subgroups and the norm was registered (p

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