Visceral Adiposity Associates With Malnutrition Risk Determined by Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool in Cirrhosis

Mounting evidence has suggested the clinical significance of body composition abnormalities in the context of cirrhosis. Herein, we aimed to investigate the association between visceral adiposity and malnutrition risk in 176 hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. The adiposity parameters were obtained by computed tomography (CT) as follows: total adipose tissue index (TATI), visceral adipose tissue index (VATI), subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATI), and visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue area ratio (VSR). Malnutrition risk was screened using Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT). Visceral adiposity was determined given a higher VSR based on our previously established cutoffs. Multivariate analysis implicated that male gender (OR = 2.884, 95% CI: 1.360–6.115, p = 0.006), BMI (OR = 0.879, 95% CI: 0.812–0.951, P = 0.001), albumin (OR = 0.934, 95% CI: 0.882–0.989, P = 0.019), and visceral adiposity (OR = 3.413, 95% CI: 1.344–8.670, P = 0.010) were independent risk factors of malnutrition risk. No significant difference was observed regarding TATI, SATI, and VATI among patients with low or moderate and high risk of malnutrition. In contrast, the proportion of male patients embracing visceral adiposity was higher in high malnutrition risk group compared with that in low or moderate group (47.27 vs. 17.86%, p = 0.009). Moreover, this disparity was of borderline statistical significance in women (19.05 vs. 5.88%, p = 0.061). Assessing adipose tissue distribution might potentiate the estimation of malnutrition risk in cirrhotics. It is pivotal to recognize visceral adiposity and develop targeted therapeutic strategies.

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Prognosis predicting value of semiquantitative parameters of visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue of 18F-FDG PET/CT in newly diagnosed secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

Annals of Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.1007/s12149-021-01577-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 386-396

Author(s):

Jun Liu ◽

Xu Yang ◽

Jigang Yang

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Pet Ct ◽

18F Fdg ◽

Fdg Pet Ct ◽

Visceral Adipose ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose ◽

Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

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Pathogenic Microenvironment from Diabetic–Obese Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipocytes Activating Differentiation of Human Healthy Preadipocytes Increases Intracellular Fat, Effect of the Apocarotenoid Crocetin

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13031032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1032

Author(s):

Lesgui Alviz ◽

David Tebar-García ◽

Raquel Lopez-Rosa ◽

Eva M. Galan-Moya ◽

Natalia Moratalla-López ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

Hypertrophic Growth ◽

Visceral Adipose ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose ◽

Oil Red O Staining ◽

Oil Red O ◽

Excessive Accumulation

In diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), developed obesity is referred to as diabesity. Implementation of a healthy diet, such as the Mediterranean, prevents diabesity. Saffron is frequently used in this diet because of its bioactive components, such as crocetin (CCT), exhibit healthful properties. It is well known that obesity, defined as an excessive accumulation of fat, leads to cardiometabolic pathology through adiposopathy or hypertrophic growth of adipose tissue (AT).This is related to an impaired adipogenic process or death of adipocytes by obesogenic signals. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the pathogenic microenvironment and CCT, activating differentiation of healthy preadipocytes (PA). For this, we used human cryopreserved PA from visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) depots obtained from healthy and obese-DM2 donors. We studied the effect of a metabolically detrimental (diabesogenic) environment, generated by obese-DM2 adipocytes from VAT (VdDM) or SAT (SdDM), on the viability and accumulation of intracellular fat of adipocytes differentiated from healthy PA, in the presence or absence of CCT (1 or 10 μM). Intracellular fat was quantified by Oil Red O staining. Cytotoxicity was measured using the MTT assay. Our results showed that diabesogenic conditions induce cytotoxicity and provide a proadipogenic environment only for visceral PA. CCT at 10 μM acted as an antiadipogenic and cytoprotective compound.

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Subcutaneous adipose tissue insulin resistance is associated with visceral adiposity in postmenopausal women

Obesity ◽

10.1002/oby.20703 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 1458-1463 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Beret A. Casey ◽

Wendy M. Kohrt ◽

Robert S. Schwartz ◽

Rachael E. Van Pelt

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adiposity ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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Regional Variation in Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Expression in Adipose Tissue from Obese Individuals

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1613860 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 83 (04) ◽

pp. 545-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

Vanessa Van Harmelen ◽

Johan Hoffstedt ◽

Per Lundquist ◽

Hubert Vidal ◽

Veronika Stemme ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽

Visceral Adipose ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose ◽

Activator Inhibitor ◽

Pai 1

SummaryHigh plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity is a frequent finding in obesity and adipose tissue has recently been suggested to be a source of circulating PAI-1 in humans. In the present study, differences in adipose tissue gene expression and protein secretion rate of PAI-1 between subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue was analysed in specimens obtained from 22 obese individuals. The secretion rate of PAI-1 was two-fold higher in subcutaneous adipose tissue than in visceral adipose tissue (292 ± 50 vs 138 ± 24 ng PAI-1/107 cells, P <0.05). In accordance with the secretion data, subcutaneous adipose tissue contained about three-fold higher levels of PAI-1 mRNA than visceral adipose tissue (2.43 ± 0.37 vs 0.81 ± 0.12 attomole PAI-1 mRNA/µg total RNA, P <0.001). PAI-1 secretion from subcutaneous but not from visceral adipose tissue correlated significantly with cell size (r = 0.43, P <0.05). In summary, subcutaneous adipose tissue secreted greater amounts of PAI-1 and had a higher PAI-1 gene expression than visceral adipose tissue from the same obese individuals. Bearing in mind that subcutaneous adipose tissue is the largest fat depot these finding may be important for the coagulation abnormalities associated with obesity.

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Visceral adipose tissue and the ratio of visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue are greater in adults with than in those without spinal cord injury, despite matching waist circumferences

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/87.3.600 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 87 (3) ◽

pp. 600-607 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

Lesley A Edwards ◽

Joanne M Bugaresti ◽

Andrea C Buchholz

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Cord Injury ◽

Visceral Adipose ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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Bioavailable menthol (Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin-8 agonist) induces energy expending phenotype in differentiating adipocytes

10.20944/preprints201901.0116.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Pragyanshu Khare ◽

Aakriti Chauhan ◽

Vibhu Kumar ◽

Jasleen Kaur ◽

Neha Mahajan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Lipid Accumulation ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Transient Receptor Potential ◽

Topical Administration ◽

Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Recent evidences support a role of menthol, a TRPM8 agonist, in enhanced energy expenditure, thermogenesis and BAT-like activity in classical WAT depots in TRPM8 dependent and independent manner. The present study was designed to analyze whether oral and topical administration of menthol is bioavailable at subcutaneous adipose tissue and is sufficient to induce desired energy expenditure effects directly. GC-FID was performed to study menthol bioavailability in serum and subcutaneous white adipose tissue following oral and topical administration. Further, 3T3L1 adipocytes were treated with bioavailable menthol doses and different parameters (lipid accumulation, “browning/brite” and energy expenditure gene expression, metal analysis, mitochondrial complex’s gene expression) were studied. No difference was observed in serum levels but significant difference was seen in the menthol concentration on subcutaneous adipose tissues after oral and topical application. Menthol administration at bioavailable doses significantly increased “browning/brite” and energy expenditure phenotype, enhanced mitochondrial activity related gene expression, increased metal concentration but didn’t alter the lipid accumulation. Further, we used pharmacological antagonism based approach to study the TRPM8 involvement in menthol effect. In conclusion, the present study provides an evidence that bioavailable menthol after single oral and topical administration is sufficient to induce “brite” phenotype in subcutaneous adipose tissue.

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Bioavailable Menthol (Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin-8 Agonist) Induces Energy Expending Phenotype in Differentiating Adipocytes

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells8050383 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 383 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Pragyanshu Khare ◽

Aakriti Chauhan ◽

Vibhu Kumar ◽

Jasleen Kaur ◽

Neha Mahajan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Lipid Accumulation ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Transient Receptor Potential ◽

Topical Administration ◽

Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Recent evidence supports the role of menthol, a TRPM8 agonist, in enhanced energy expenditure, thermogenesis and BAT-like activity in classical WAT depots in a TRPM8 dependent and independent manner. The present study was designed to analyse whether oral and topical administration of menthol is bioavailable at subcutaneous adipose tissue and is sufficient to directlyinduce desired energy expenditure effects. GC-FID was performed to study menthol bioavailability in serum and subcutaneous white adipose tissue following oral and topical administration. Further, 3T3L1 adipocytes were treated with bioavailable menthol doses and different parameters (lipid accumulation, “browning/brite” and energy expenditure gene expression, metal analysis, mitochondrial complex’s gene expression) were studied. No difference was observed in serum levels but significant difference was seen in the menthol concentration on subcutaneous adipose tissues after oral and topical application. Menthol administration at bioavailable doses significantly increased “browning/brite” and energy expenditure phenotype, enhanced mitochondrial activity related gene expression, increased metal concentration during adipogenesis but did not alter the lipid accumulation as well as acute experiments were performed with lower dose of menthol on mature adipocytes In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that bioavailable menthol after single oral and topical administration is sufficient to induce “brite” phenotype in subcutaneous adipose tissue However, critical dose characterization for its clinical utility is required.

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