scholarly journals Exploring Psychosocial Determinants of Eating Behavior: Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among Brazilian Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Henrique de Carvalho Moraes ◽  
Marle dos Santos Alvarenga ◽  
Jéssica Maria Muniz Moraes ◽  
Denise Cavallini Cyrillo
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychosocial Variables ◽  
Psychosocial Determinants ◽  
Weekly Frequency

In most Western countries, children and adolescents do not eat the recommended amount of fruits and vegetables (FVs). Theoretical frameworks on social psychology of eating, such as the Reason Action Approach, Social Cognitive Theory, and Theory of Normal Conduct have been applied to understand how psychosocial variables can explain FV intake. However, considering those predictors is still rare on the understanding of FV intake among adolescents (particularly in Brazil) despite its importance within eating behavior. Therefore, this study explored important psychosocial determinants of weekly frequency of FV intake among Brazilian adolescents in a model testing socioeconomic status (SES) and body mass index (BMI). A cross-sectional design was performed with 429 students (58% female), mean age 14.45 (SD 1.86). Key variables of theoretical framework on social psychology of food were investigated by structural equation modeling. The model included self-efficacy, attitudes, and social norms (with its subcomponents descriptive and injunctive) as psychosocial predictors of weekly frequency of FV intake along with SES and BMI. An instrument developed for Brazilian Portuguese was used to collect psychosocial variables as well as to verify FV reported intake. The total model explained 45.5% of weekly frequency of FV intake, and self-efficacy was the only significant psychosocial determinant (λ = 0.51, p = 0.001). SES also showed an important effect on the model (λ = 0.21, p = 0.001), while for BMI no significance was observed. In conclusion, the model was adequate to understand psychosocial determinants of weekly frequency of FV intake for Brazilian adolescents, with self-efficacy and SES as the major determinants of this eating behavior.

Efficacy beliefs and employee voice: the role of perceived influence and manager openness

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Prince ◽  
M.K. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Employee Voice ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Voice Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Influence At Work ◽  
Managerial Openness ◽  
Prohibitive Voice

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore how and when an employee's belief in their voice self-efficacy leads to promotive and prohibitive voice behavior. By banking on social cognitive theory, this study examines perceived influence at work as a mediator and managerial openness as a moderator in the link between voice self-efficacy and the two forms of voice.Design/methodology/approachThis study's data come from 285 Indian information technology (IT) employees by adopting a cross-sectional survey design. The effect of moderator and mediator is examined by employing structural equation modeling in AMOS 22.FindingsThe results reveal that perceived influence at work partially mediates the positive link between voice self-efficacy and the two forms of voice behaviors. The test of moderation also exposes that prohibitive voice is more contingent on managerial openness as compared to promotive voice.Originality/valueThis is one of the initial studies to explore perceived influence at work as a mediator in the association between voice self-efficacy and employee voice behavior. The treatment of voice as a bidimensional construct in this study discloses the difference between the two forms, contributing to the voice literature and inviting further research.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL PASSION AND CREATIVITY ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
BERNARDO BIGNETTI ◽  
ANA C. M. Z. SANTOS ◽  
PETER B. HANSEN ◽  
EDER HENRIQSON
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intent ◽  
Entrepreneurial Passion

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aims to analyze the influence of entrepreneurial passion and creativity on entrepreneurial intent. It also examines the mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy between the personal/cognitive variable and entrepreneurial intention. Originality/value: By stressing the importance of cognitive and emotional variables that may influence entrepreneurial intentions among university students (such as creativity and entrepreneurial passion), this study shows the important role that universities have in the development of entrepreneurial intent. According to the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), the environment influences individual behavior and, therefore, universities should encourage an entrepreneurial environment, enabling the creation of new jobs and companies. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected through a survey with business and technology students from a Brazilian university. In total, 338 valid responses were obtained, which were analyzed through structural equation modeling. The data were collected in a cross-sectional manner and by a stratified and non-probability sampling method. To address the research hypothesis and to attain the objectives of the study, all constructs were adapted from relevant literature in the field of entrepreneurship. The structural model was examined in relation to the model fit, which enabled the hypothesis to be tested. Findings: Results showed both a direct and indirect positive relationship between entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial intention. Regarding the creativity factor, results indicated only an indirect effect of creativity on entrepreneurial intention, this relationship being mediated through entrepreneurial self-efficacy. No significant differences were found in the model regarding age, gender, graduation program, entrepreneurial family background, role models or family income.

Predictors of Intention to Promote Family Planning: A Survey of Protestant Seminarians in the United States

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Goodson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Seminary Students ◽  
Theological Schools

The purpose of this study was to examine Protestant seminary students’ intention to promote family planning. Intention to promote family planning and its predictors were examined by testing a conceptual model based on the theory of planned behavior and social cognitive theory. A nonrepresentative sample of 635 seminarians (90.5% Anglo; 66.5% male) from 10 theological schools in the United States completed a mailed survey. Students were classified according to their religious beliefs as conservative (61.9%) and nonconservative (38.1%), and group differences in intention (and its correlates) were examined. Structural equation modeling was used to assess relationships among attitudes toward sexuality, attitudes toward family planning, subjective norms, knowledge, self-efficacy, and intention for both conservative and nonconservative students. Results indicated that the relationships among predictors of intention were essentially similar for both conservative and nonconservative seminarians, with attitudes and self-efficacy for promoting family planning exhibiting the strongest direct effects on intention.

scholarly journals Institutional support and women’s entrepreneurial self-efficacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyo Kazumi ◽  
Norifumi Kawai
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Legitimacy ◽  
Venture Performance

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explores the extent to which local institutional forces affect female entrepreneurial venture performance. Drawing upon a unified theoretical framework of social cognitive and institutional perspectives, the authors scrutinize the complex interplay among institutional support, entrepreneurial cognitions and entrepreneurial success. Design/methodology/approach Based on a unique sample of 202 female entrepreneurs in 30 provinces throughout Japan, this paper grounded social cognitive theory and attempted to clear the relation between women’s entrepreneurial self-efficacy and venture performance empirically by statistical analysis. Findings The findings of structural equation modeling indicate that women’s entrepreneurial self-efficacy is a strong and useful mediator of the effect of informal institutional support on venture performance. Unexpectedly, formal institutional support shows no correlation with entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Practical implications This study proposes that perceived social legitimacy may lead to increased entrepreneurial self-efficacy, thereby enhancing venture performance. This finding can clarify the institutional force pathways to foster entrepreneurial confidence. Originality/value This study contributes to the field of female entrepreneurship by examining institutional antecedents of women’s entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Focused on the case of Japanese female entrepreneurs, this study is unique and valuable.

Self-Perceived Competence and Test Anxiety

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Raufelder ◽  
Tobias Ringeisen
Keyword(s):  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Academic Self Efficacy

Abstract. Extrapolating from social-cognitive theory, this research examined whether academic self-efficacy mediates the association between academic self-concept and the four facets of test anxiety (worry, interference, lack of confidence, emotionality) in a large sample of adolescent students (N = 845; Mage = 15.32; SD = 0.49) from Brandenburg, Germany. Quantitative data structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze these associations. Results showed that there are negative relations between academic self-concept and three facets of test anxiety (namely interference, lack of confidence, emotionality), which are mitigated through academic self-efficacy. All three identified indirect effects revealed full mediation. Overall, the current study extends the literature on test anxiety in education settings by highlighting the importance of academic self-efficacy for prevention and intervention strategies that aim to reduce adolescents’ feelings of test anxiety, as academic self-efficacy fully mediates the association between academic self-concept and three facets of test anxiety, except for worry.

Understanding self-efficacy and performance of salespersons in Islamic banking

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 973-988
Author(s):  
AbdulKader Kaakeh ◽  
M. Kabir Hassan ◽  
Stefan Van-Hemmen ◽  
Ishrat Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to investigate the relationship between organization image, awareness effort, customer demandingness, self-efficacy and self-rated performance among salespersons of Islamic banking products in the UAE. It also explores the mediating role of awareness effort and self-efficacy, using a theoretical framework derived from social cognitive theory. Design/methodology/approach Data are collected by surveying salespersons in a mixed bank (a conventional bank with an Islamic banking department) in the UAE. The researcher uses structural equation modeling to analyze the data. Findings The research concludes that customer demandingness positively affects awareness effort, awareness effort positively affects self-efficacy, self-efficacy positively affects performance and image positively affects salespersons’ self-efficacy and performance. Furthermore, the study highlights the mediating role of awareness effort and self-efficacy in the model. Research limitations/implications The sample consists of 217 salespersons working in the same bank, covering three cities in the UAE. Hence, the rest of the country is not included. Practical implications The study shows the importance of awareness efforts in achieving better performance. It also demonstrates the importance of addressing customer requirements in the banking environment. Furthermore, it illuminates the role of organization image in enforcing salespersons’ self-efficacy and performance. Social implications The paper sheds a light on salespersons’ personalities and the factors that reinforce their performance and self-efficacy. Originality/value The research is an empirical study that addresses the relationship between performance, self-efficacy, image, awareness effort and customer demandingness in Islamic banking in the UAE.

scholarly journals Self-Efficacy, Work Engagement, and Job Satisfaction Among Teaching Assistants in Hong Kong’s Inclusive Education

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402094100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund S. S. Chan ◽  
Sammy K. Ho ◽  
Flora F. L. Ip ◽  
Marina W. Y. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Teaching Assistants ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Special Educational Needs

The number of teaching assistants (TAs) working in mainstream schools has soared in recent years as students with special educational needs (SEN) are integrated into regular classrooms. However, research on TAs is rare. This study investigated whether and how work engagement mediates the relationship between self-efficacy and job satisfaction among 292 Chinese TAs working in Hong Kong mainstream schools. Survey data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Supported by the social cognitive theory of self-efficacy and self-determination theory of work engagement, our results showed that TAs’ self-efficacy is positively related to their job satisfaction through the mediation of work engagement. Implications for an appropriate focus on enhancing TAs’ self-efficacy through classroom experiences and training courses are discussed.

The Role of Career Self-Efficacy on the Effect of Parental Career Behaviors on Career Exploration: A Study on School of Tourism and Hotel Management’ Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selahattin Kanten ◽  
Pelin Kanten ◽  
Murat Yeşiltaş
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Career Exploration ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Hotel Management ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to investigate the impact of parental career behaviors on undergraduate student’s career exploration and the mediating role of career self-efficacy. In the literature it is suggested that some social and individual factors facilitate students’ career exploration. Therefore, parental career behaviors and career self-efficacy is considered as predictors of student’s career exploration attitudes within the scope of the study. In this respect, data which are collected from 405 undergraduate students having an education on tourism and hotel management field by the survey method are analyzed by using the structural equation modeling. The results of the study indicate that parental career behaviors which are addressed support; interference and lack of engagement have a significant effect on student’s career exploration behaviors such as intended-systematic exploration, environment exploration and self-exploration. In addition, it has been found that one of the dimensions of parental career behaviors addressed as a lack of engagement has a significant effect on career self-efficacy levels of students. However, research results indicate that student’s career self-efficacy has a significant effect on only the self-exploration dimension. On the other hand, career self-efficacy has a partial mediating role between lack of engagement attitudes of parents and career exploration behaviors of students.

scholarly journals Multilevel Pathways of Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Low-Income Vietnamese Americans: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482110110
Author(s):  
Grace X. Ma ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Timmy R. Lin ◽  
Yin Tan ◽  
Phuong Do
Keyword(s):  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Limited English Proficiency ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Vietnamese Americans ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Crc Screening

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) disproportionately affects Vietnamese Americans, especially those with low income and were born outside of the United States. CRC screening tests are crucial for prevention and early detection. Despite the availability of noninvasive, simple-to-conduct tests, CRC screening rates in Asian Americans, particularly Vietnamese Americans, remain suboptimal. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interplay of multilevel factors – individual, interpersonal, and community – on CRC screening behaviors among low-income Vietnamese Americans with limited English proficiency. Methods: This study is based on the Sociocultural Health Behavior Model, a research-based model that incorporates 6 factors associated with decision-making and health-seeking behaviors that result in health care utilization. Using a community-based participatory research approach, we recruited 801 Vietnamese Americans from community-based organizations. We administered a survey to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics, health-related factors, and CRC screening-related factors. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to identify direct and indirect predictors of lifetime CRC screening. Results: Bivariate analysis revealed that a greater number of respondents who never screened for CRC reported limited English proficiency, fewer years of US residency, and lower self-efficacy related to CRC screening. The SEM model identified self-efficacy (coefficient = 0.092, P < .01) as the only direct predictor of lifetime CRC screening. Educational attainment (coefficient = 0.13, P < .01) and health beliefs (coefficient = 0.040, P < .001) had a modest significant positive relationship with self-efficacy. Health beliefs (coefficient = 0.13, P < .001) and educational attainment (coefficient = 0.16, P < .01) had significant positive relationships with CRC knowledge. Conclusions: To increase CRC screening uptake in medically underserved Vietnamese American populations, public health interventions should aim to increase community members’ confidence in their abilities to screen for CRC and to navigate associated processes, including screening preparation, discussions with doctors, and emotional complications.

Learning at work: a model of learning and development for younger workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Robyn Mason ◽  
David Brougham
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Baby Boomer Generation ◽  
Younger Workers ◽  
Learning At Work ◽  
Work Environment Factors

Abstract In rapidly changing work environments, individuals need a willingness and ability to learn new skills and knowledge to contribute to their organization's goals and their own employability. As the baby-boomer generation begins to exit the workplace, organizations need to pay attention to developing the capability of younger, novice workers who will increasingly comprise the core workforce of the future. The present study, grounded in social cognitive theory, develops and examines a model of learning and development for younger workers. In total, 1,732 employees in New Zealand aged 16–24 years completed a survey relating to their perceptions, beliefs, and intentions regarding learning and development. The results from structural equation modeling show that individual and work-environment factors both influence younger workers' developmental intentions but affect this through different pathways. The study contributes to a better understanding of the development process for younger workers and offers implications for management based on these findings.

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