scholarly journals Modeling Complex Orthopedic Trauma in Rodents: Bone, Muscle and Nerve Injury and Healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaishuang Shen ◽  
Aysha M. Gardner ◽  
Juhee Vyas ◽  
Ryosuke Ishida ◽  
Vivianne L. Tawfik
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Orthopedic Trauma ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Orthopedic Injury ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Battlefield Injuries

Orthopedic injury can occur from a variety of causes including motor vehicle collision, battlefield injuries or even falls from standing. Persistent limb pain is common after orthopedic injury or surgery and presents a unique challenge, as the initiating event may result in polytrauma to bone, muscle, and peripheral nerves. It is imperative that we understand the tissue-specific and multicellular response to this unique type of injury in order to best develop targeted treatments that improve healing and regeneration. In this Mini Review we will first discuss current rodent models of orthopedic trauma/complex orthotrauma. In the second section, we will focus on bone-specific outcomes including imaging modalities, biomechanical testing and immunostaining for markers of bone healing/turnover. In the third section, we will discuss muscle-related pathology including outcome measures of fibrosis, muscle regeneration and tensile strength measurements. In the fourth section, we will discuss nervous system-related pathology including outcome measures of pain-like responses, both reflexive and non-reflexive. In all sections we will consider parallels between preclinical outcome measures and the functional and mechanistic findings of the human condition.

Case Exercise: Biomechanics in Rearend Motor Vehicle Collisions

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Charles N. Brooks ◽  
Christopher R. Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Physical Findings

Abstract Multiple factors determine the likelihood, type, and severity of bodily injury following a motor vehicle collision and, in turn, influence the need for treatment, extent of disability, and likelihood of permanent impairment. Among the most important factors is the change in velocity due to an impact (Δv). Other factors include the individual's strength and elasticity, body position at the time of impact, awareness of the impending impact (ie, opportunity to brace, guard, or contract muscles before an impact), and effects of braking. Because Δv is the area under the acceleration vs time curve, it combines force and duration and is a useful way to quantify impact severity. The article includes a table showing the results of a literature review that concluded, “the consensus of human subject research conducted to date is that a single exposure to a rear-end impact with a Δv of 5 mph or less is unlikely to result in injury” in most healthy, restrained occupants. Because velocity incorporates direction as well as speed, a vehicular occupant is less likely to be injured in a rear impact than when struck from the side. Evaluators must consider multiple factors, including the occupant's pre-existing physical and psychosocial status, the mechanism and magnitude of the collision, and a variety of biomechanical variables. Recommendations based solely on patient history and physical findings (and, perhaps, imaging studies) may be ill-informed.

scholarly journals Motion perception as a risk factor for motor vehicle collision involvement in drivers ≥ 70 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 105956
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Swain ◽  
Gerald McGwin ◽  
Joanne M. Wood ◽  
Cynthia Owsley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Motion Perception ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collision ◽  
Vehicle Collision

Head- and neck-related symptoms post-motor vehicle collision (MVC): separate entities or two-sides of the same coin?

Injury ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pora Kuperman ◽  
Yelena Granovsky ◽  
Shiri Fadel ◽  
Noam Bosak ◽  
Chen Buxbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collision ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Two Sides

scholarly journals Unusual airway injury following a motor vehicle collision

CJEM ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-570
Author(s):  
Christopher Sampson
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collision ◽  
Pickup Truck ◽  
The Road ◽  
Airway Injury ◽  
Vehicle Collision

A 16-year-old male presented to the emergency department following a single-truck motor vehicle collision. The patient was the driver of an older model pickup truck that he lost control of while driving and went off of the road. He was restrained with a lap belt only, given the age of the vehicle. His only complaint at the presenting hospital was left-sided neck pain and hoarseness.

Decreased Incidence of Rib Fractures in Pregnant Patients After Motor Vehicle Collisions

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-390
Author(s):  
Marissa Di Napoli ◽  
William B. DeVoe ◽  
Stuart Leon ◽  
Bruce Crookes ◽  
Alicia Privette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Rib Fractures ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Chest Wall Injury ◽  
Wall Injury

Background Rib fractures are common after motor vehicle collisions. The hormonal changes associated with pregnancy decrease the stiffness and increase the laxity of cartilage and tendons. The effect of these changes on injury mechanics is not completely understood. Objectives To compare the incidences of chest wall injury following blunt thoracic trauma between pregnant and nonpregnant women. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective review of female patients seen at a level I trauma center from 2009 to 2017 after a motor vehicle collision. Patient characteristics were compared to determine if pregnancy affected the incidence of chest wall injury. Statistics were calculated with SPSS version 24 and are presented as mean (SD) or median (interquartile range). Results In total, 1618 patients were identified. The incidence of rib/sternal fracture was significantly lower in pregnant patients (7.9% vs 15.2%, P = .047), but the incidence of intrathoracic injury was similar between the groups. Pregnant and nonpregnant patients with rib/sternal fractures had similar Injury Severity Score results (21 [13-27] vs 17 [11-22], P = .36), but pregnant patients without fractures had significantly lower scores (1 [0-5] vs 4 [1-9], P < .001). Conclusions Pregnant patients have a lower rate of rib fracture after a motor vehicle collision than nonpregnant patients. The difference in injury mechanics may be due to hormonal changes that increase elasticity and resistance to bony injury of the ribs. In pregnant trauma patients, intrathoracic injury without rib fracture should raise concerns about injury severity. A multicenter evaluation of these findings is needed.

scholarly journals Traumatic Urethral Injury without Pelvic Fracture in an Adult Female

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 308-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan A. Bockholt ◽  
Kenneth G. Nepple ◽  
Charles R. Powell ◽  
Karl J. Kreder
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Pelvic Fracture ◽  
Acetabular Fracture ◽  
Bladder Neck ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Urethral Catheter ◽  
Urethral Injury ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Urethral Meatus ◽  
Vehicle Collision

A 23-year-old female was involved in a motor vehicle collision with multiple injuries, including a right acetabular fracture, but no pelvic fracture. Urology consultation was obtained due to difficulty placing a urethral catheter. Examination revealed a longitudinal urethral tear with vaginal laceration extending 2 cm from the urethral meatus proximally toward the bladder neck. The longitudinal urethral tear was repaired primarily. Traumatic female urethral injury in the absence of a pelvic fracture is an exceedingly rare occurrence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document