scholarly journals Chymase Dependent Pathway of Angiotensin II Generation and Rapeseed Derived Peptides for Antihypertensive Treatment of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Baranowska ◽  
Olga Gawrys ◽  
Malwina M. Roszkowska-Chojecka ◽  
Bozena Badzynska ◽  
Dagmara Tymecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
The Impact

The contribution of chymase, one of the enzymes responsible for angiotensin II generation in non-ACE pathway, remains unclear in the development of hypertension. The aim of the study was to investigate chymase inhibition as potential antihypertensive therapy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). To block chymase we employed chymostatin, a commercial inhibitor, and new analogues of rapeseed-derived peptides, VWIS and RIY. These simple and easy to obtain peptides not only block chymase, but also possess weak activity to inhibit ACE. This is a first attempt to evaluate the impact of chronic administration of selected inhibitors on blood pressure of SHR in two phases of hypertension. Male SHR (6 or 16 weeks old) were treated daily for two weeks with chymostatin (CH; 2 mg/kg/day), the peptides VWIS (12.5 mg/kg/day) or RIY (7.5 mg/kg/day); control groups received chymostatin solvent (0.15% DMSO in saline) or peptide solvent (saline). The substances were administered intravenously to conscious animals via a chronically cannulated femoral vein. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by telemetry. Metabolic parameters were measured weekly, and tissue samples were harvested after two weeks of treatment. None of the administered chymase inhibitors affected the development of hypertension in young rats. Only RIY exhibited beneficial properties when administered in the established phase of hypertension: SBP decreased from 165 ± 10 to 157 ± 7 mmHg while the excretion of nitric oxide metabolites increased significantly. The glomerulosclerosis index was lower after RIY treatment in both age groups (significant only in young rats 0.29 ± 0.05 vs 0.48 ± 0.04 in the control group; p < 0.05). Hence, it seems that peptide RIY exhibits some positive effect on renal morphology. The results obtained suggest that the peptide RIY may be a useful tool in the treatment of hypertension, especially in cases when ACE inhibitors are not effective.

Effect of chlorothiazide on serial measurements of exchangeable sodium and blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. O. Manhem ◽  
S. A. Clark ◽  
W. B. Brown ◽  
G. D. Murray ◽  
J. I. S. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive

1. Chlorothiazide (100 mg/kg body weight) was given by gavage daily to spontaneously hypertensive rats for 4 weeks. Another group of spontaneously hypertensive rats was given only tap water and served as control. 2. Measurements of total exchangeable sodium, blood pressure and weight were performed for 2 weeks before and for 4 weeks during treatment. 3. Before treatment, exchangeable sodium, blood pressure and weight were similar in the two groups of rats. 4. Chlorothiazide significantly attenuated the blood pressure increase in spontaneously hypertensive rats, the effect being most marked during the first 2 1/2 weeks of treatment and less thereafter. 5. Rats in the chlorothiazide-treated group gained weight more slowly than did those of the control group. 6. Exchangeable sodium, expressed as mmol/kg body weight, did not differ significantly between the two groups at any stage. 7. When exchangeable sodium was expressed as mmol/rat, there was a more gradual rise in the chlorothiazide-treated animals, in accordance with their slower gain in weight. 8. There was no temporal association between the antihypertensive effect of chlorothiazide and changes in exchangeable sodium. 9. Thus whereas chlorothiazide treatment of spontaneously hypertensive rats slows the increase of both weight and exchangeable sodium, other mechanisms are apparently responsible for the antihypertensive action of the drug.

Effect of Curcuma Herbs on Vasomotion and Hemorheology in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 449-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirozo Goto ◽  
Yohei Sasaki ◽  
Hirotoshi Fushimi ◽  
Naotoshi Shibahara ◽  
Yutaka Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Low Shear Stress

Curcuma herbs have a vasodilator effect. The effects of C. longa, which induces only endothelium-independent vasodilatation, and C. zedoaria, which induces both endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilatation, were studied on vasomotion and hemorheology in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Spontaneously hypertensive eight-week-old male rats were assigned to five groups. For 12 weeks, the control group received standard chow. The 3%CL (C. longa) group received standard chow containing 3% (wt/wt) C. longa. The 1%CZ and 3%CZ (C. zedoaria) groups received standard chow containing 1% and 3% (wt/wt) C. zedoaria, respectively. The captoril group received standard chow and 100 mg/kg/day of captoril in drinking water. Blood pressure, vasomotion, hemorheology, etc. were examined. Systolic blood pressure of the 3%CZ and captoril groups decreased significantly as compared to the control group. Acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxations of the 3%CZ and captoril groups were increased to a greater degree, significantly, than the control group. When testing xanthine oxidase-induced contraction, the 3%CZ group was significantly decreased as compared to the control group. Low shear stress of whole blood viscosity showed the 3%CL and 3%CZ groups to be decreased significantly compared to the control group. Thus, Curcuma herbs have hypotensive and protective effect on the endothelium in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Especially, C. zedoaria is more effective than C.longa, and its mechanism is thought to be related to a radical scavenging effect and improvement of hemorheology.

scholarly journals Effect of Yishenjiangyafang on Plasma Metabolomics in Senile Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
Yingying Liu ◽  
Weixing Guo ◽  
Yunlun Li
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Q Exactive ◽  
Wistar Kyoto

Objectives. Yishenjiangyafang is a traditional Chinese medicine used to clinically treat hypertension. This study aimed to explore the effect of yishenjiangyafang on plasma metabolomics in senile spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Methods. Twelve 50-week-old SHR (6 males and 6 females) were randomly divided into two groups: a treatment group, in which rats were intragastrically administered with yishenjiangyafang (10.08 g kg−1·d−1), and a model group, in which all SHRs were administered the same volume of saline. Six age- and gender-matched Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) rats were used as the control group. Treatment was given for 6 days per week and lasted for 8 weeks. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the rats were measured with the noninvasive tail artery pressure measurement system. An ultraperformance liquid chromatography quadruple electrostatic field orbit (UPLC-Q-Exactive) was used to determine metabolite changes in the plasma of SHR rats before and after yishenjiangyafang treatment in the treatment group as well as in the model and control groups. Results. After yishenjiangyafang treatment, SHRs had significant lower blood pressure. Using UPLC-Q-Exactive, we identified 26 metabolic targets of yishenjiangyafang in aged SHRs and revealed that yishenjiangyafang targeted four major metabolic pathways, linoleic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Conclusion. Yishenjiangyafang decreases the blood pressure of SHRs at least in part through targeting of four major metabolic pathways. Our study illustrates mechanisms underlying the clinical application of yishenjiangyafang in the treatment of hypertensive patients.

Treatment with Lindera strychnifolia Reduces Blood Pressure by Decreasing Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Shimomura ◽  
Hiroaki Ushikoshi ◽  
Arihiro Hattori ◽  
Ichijiro Murata ◽  
Yasushi Ohno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Noradrenaline Levels

Lindera strychnifolia (Tendai-Uyaku), a medicinal plant, has long been used for the treatment of cardiac, renal and rheumatic diseases in Japan. We investigated the effect of Lindera strychnifolia on systolic blood pressure, cardiac function, and plasma noradrenaline levels in rats. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were given free access to water or extract solution of Lindera strychnifolia, which was extracted with a ratio of 10 g Lindera strychnifolia roots/20 ml water. Systolic blood pressure was measured by using a tail-cuf sphygmomanometer twice a week from 10 to 30 weeks of age, and compared to the age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) as a control group. At 30 weeks of age, heart function was measured by echocardiography and blood samples were taken for detection of plasma noradrenaline levels, and rats were then sacrificed. Systolic blood pressure gradually increased from 10 to 30 weeks of age in the SHR group, while it did not change in the WKY group. In the Lindera-treated SHR group, the increase in systolic blood pressure was significantly attenuated from 21 to 30 weeks of age. Echocardiography showed a significant increase in ejection fraction in the Lindera-treated SHR group (60.4 ± 7.8%) as compared to the SHR group (39.7 ± 23.4%). Plasma noradrenaline levels were significantly decreased in Lindera-treated SHR group compared to the SHR group. These results suggest that Lindera strychnifolia has an anti-hypertensive effect and improves cardiac function in spontaneous hypertensive rats. These effects may be related to the decrease in plasma noradrenaline levels by Lindera strychnifolia.

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