scholarly journals An Integrated Strategy for Rapid Discovery and Identification of Quality Markers in Gardenia Fructus Using an Omics Discrimination-Grey Correlation-Biological Verification Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Dong ◽  
Qingping Tian ◽  
Yongping Shi ◽  
Shanjun Chen ◽  
Yougang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Liver Protection ◽  
Quality Markers ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Tof Ms

Background: Gardenia Fructus (GF), a traditional Chinese medicine of Gardenia Ellis in Rubiaceae family, has the potential to clear heat and purge fire and has been widely used to treat multiple infection-related diseases. However, the quality markers (Q-Markers) of GF have not been revealed comprehensively.Methods: In this experiment, the transgenic zebrafish lines, Tg (l-fabp:EGFP) and Tg (lyz:EGFP), were used to evaluate two main kinds of traditional efficacies of GF, hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. All the GF samples from different production areas were tested their anti-liver injury and anti-inflammantory activities. High-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method (HPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was employed for herbal metabonomic analysis of GF samples. Gray correlation analysis (GCA) was utilized to screen out the components closely associated with the activities. Finally, the zebrafish model was applied to verify the bioactivity of the crucial components to determine the Q-Markers of GF.Results: The zebrafish models were established by inducing with hydrogen peroxide or copper sulfate and applied to quickly evaluate the hepatoprotective effect and inflammation of GF samples. 27 potentially active components for liver protection and 21 potentially active components with anti-inflammatory properties were identified by herbal metabolomic analysis based on HPLC-Q-TOF/MS. The GCA result showed that five of the 27 components were highly correlated with liver protection, 15 of the 21 components were highly correlated with anti-inflammatory activity. Among them, geniposide and crocin-1 were confirmed their bioactivities on zebrafish experiment to be responsible for the protective effects of GF against liver injury, and genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside, quinic acid, gardenoside, d-glucuronic acid, l-malic acid, mannitol, rutin, and chlorogenic acid were confirmed to be responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, according to the screening principles of Q-Markers, genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside, geniposide, and gardenoside were preliminarily identified to be the Q-Markers of GF.Conclusion: This study established an effective research strategy of “Omics Discrimination-Grey Correlation-Biological Verification,” which enabled the rapid identification of key pharmacological components of GF. These markers have provided a scientific basis for constructing a modern quality evaluation system for GF.

Effects of Gentiana lutea root on vascular diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Joksic ◽  
Djordje Radak ◽  
Emina Sudar-Milovanovic ◽  
Milan Obradovic ◽  
Jelena Radovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recent Literature ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Electronic Database ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Gentiana Lutea ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Gentiana lutea (GL), commonly known as yellow gentian, bitter root, and bitterwort, belongs to family Gentianaceae. GL belongs to genus Gentiana, which is a rich natural source of iridoids, secoiridoids, xantones, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and carbohydrates. Medicinal plants from Gentiana species have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mitogenic, anti-proliferative, and lipid-lowering effects, as well as a cardioprotective, hypotensive, vasodilator and anti-platelet activities. Objective: We reviewed the recent literature related to the effects of Gentiana species, and their active components on vascular diseases. Methods: Data used for this review were obtained by searching the electronic database [PUBMED/MEDLINE 1973 - February 2020]. The primary data search terms of interest were: Gentiana lutea, Gentienacea family, phytochemistry, vascular diseases, treatment of vascular diseases, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic. Conclusion: Gentiana species and their constituents affect many different factors related to vascular disease development and progression. Therefore, Gentiana-based therapeutics represent potentially useful drugs for the management of vascular diseases.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5 improves saturated fat-induced obesity mouse model through the enhanced intestinal Akkermansia muciniphila

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thunnicha Ondee ◽  
Krit Pongpirul ◽  
Peerapat Visitchanakun ◽  
Wilasinee Saisorn ◽  
Suthicha Kanacharoen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
Akkermansia Muciniphila ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules

AbstractObesity, a major healthcare problem worldwide, induces metabolic endotoxemia through the gut translocation of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), a major cell wall component of Gram-negative bacteria, causing a chronic inflammatory state. A combination of several probiotics including Lactobacillus acidophilus 5 (LA5), a potent lactic acid-producing bacterium, has previously been shown to attenuate obesity. However, data on the correlation between a single administration of LA5 versus microbiota alteration might be helpful for the probiotic adjustment. LA5 was administered daily together with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks in mice. Furthermore, the condition media of LA5 was also tested in a hepatocyte cell-line (HepG2 cells). Accordingly, LA5 attenuated obesity in mice as demonstrated by weight reduction, regional fat accumulation, lipidemia, liver injury (liver weight, lipid compositions, and liver enzyme), gut permeability defect, endotoxemia, and serum cytokines. Unsurprisingly, LA5 improved these parameters and acidified fecal pH leads to the attenuation of fecal dysbiosis. The fecal microbiome analysis in obese mice with or without LA5 indicated; (i) decreased Bacteroidetes (Gram-negative anaerobes that predominate in non-healthy conditions), (ii) reduced total fecal Gram-negative bacterial burdens (the sources of gut LPS), (iii) enhanced Firmicutes (Gram-positive bacteria with potential benefits) and (iv) increased Verrucomycobia, especially Akkermansia muciniphila, a bacterium with the anti-obesity property. With LA5 administration, A. muciniphila in the colon were more than 2,000 folds higher than the regular diet mice as determined by 16S rRNA. Besides, LA5 produced anti-inflammatory molecules with a similar molecular weight to LPS that reduced cytokine production in LPS-activated HepG2 cells. In conclusion, LA5 attenuated obesity through (i) gut dysbiosis attenuation, partly through the promotion of A. muciniphila (probiotics with the difficulty in preparation processes), (ii) reduced endotoxemia, and (iii) possibly decreased liver injury by producing the anti-inflammatory molecules.

scholarly journals The role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in acute liver injury.

BMJ ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 305 (6858) ◽  
pp. 865-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Garcia Rodriguez ◽  
S. Perez Gutthann ◽  
A. M. Walker ◽  
L. Lueck
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In-training Examinations as Predictors of Resident Clinical Performance

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Quattlebaum ◽  
Paul M. Darden ◽  
John B. Sperry
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Formative Evaluation ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Critical Skills ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
Highly Correlated

Previous attempts to predict resident clinical performance based solely on measures of cognitive skills have been uniformly unsuccessful. For the past 8 years, a formative residency evaluation system has been used that includes yearly comprehensive oral in-training examinations (OITEs) assessing each resident's performance in the three areas of professional competence: cognitive, psychomotor, and affective. The results of these examinations and scores received on the written in-training examination (WITE) given by the American Board of Pediatrics were compared with faculty ratings received during the subsequent year of residency. No significant correlation was found at any level of training between WITE scores and clinical performance. Analysis based on clinical setting did not improve these results. Oral intraining examination scores, however, were highly correlated with clinical performance ratings. In addition, with oral in-training examination scores, the "problem" interns—those whose clinical performance rating placed them in the lower 10% of interns—were predicted with a high degree of significance, sensitivity, and specificity. Predictions based on WITEs were not significant. Simultaneous evaluation of all three areas of professional competence should be done when predictions of resident performance are attempted. The OITE is a powerful formative evaluation tool, providing valuable learning experiences as residents are objectively assessed while they perform patient-centered tasks that represent critical skills in the practice of medicine. It allows early detection and possible amelioration of future problems in the clinical performance of a resident.

scholarly journals Resveratrol effectively attenuates α-naphthyl-isothiocyanate-induced acute cholestasis and liver injury through choleretic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1527-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Zhi-xing Zhou ◽  
Li-xin Sun ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Zhi-meng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Acute Cholestasis
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