scholarly journals The Affinity of Hemoglobin for Oxygen Is Not Altered During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Gille ◽  
Lucile Sesé ◽  
Eric Aubourg ◽  
Emmanuelle E. Fabre ◽  
Florence Cymbalista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Dissociation Curve ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blood Gas Analyses ◽  
Hb Concentration ◽  
Center Study ◽  
Positive Controls

Background: A computational proteomic analysis suggested that SARS-CoV-2 might bind to hemoglobin (Hb). The authors hypothesized that this phenomenon could result in a decreased oxygen (O2) binding and lead to hemolytic anemia as well. The aim of this work was to investigate whether the affinity of Hb for O2 was altered during COVID-19.Methods: In this retrospective, observational, single-center study, the blood gas analyses of 100 COVID-19 patients were compared to those of 100 non-COVID-19 patients. Fifty-five patients with carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) ≥8% and 30 with sickle cell disease (SCD) were also included (“positive controls” with abnormal Hb affinity). P50 was corrected for body temperature, pH, and PCO2.Results: Patients did not differ statistically for age or sex ratio in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups. Median P50 at baseline was 26 mmHg [25.2–26.8] vs. 25.9 mmHg [24–27.3], respectively (p = 0.42). As expected, P50 was 22.5 mmHg [21.6–23.8] in the high HbCO group and 29.3 mmHg [27–31.5] in the SCD group (p < 0.0001). Whatever the disease severity, samples from COVID-19 to non-COVID-19 groups were distributed on the standard O2-Hb dissociation curve. When considering the time-course of P50 between days 1 and 18 in both groups, no significant difference was observed. Median Hb concentration at baseline was 14 g.dl–1 [12.6–15.2] in the COVID-19 group vs. 13.2 g.dl–1 [11.4–14.7] in the non-COVID-19 group (p = 0.006). Among the 24 COVID-19 patients displaying anemia, none of them exhibited obvious biological hemolysis.Conclusion: There was no biological argument to support the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 could alter O2 binding to Hb.

scholarly journals External Ventricular Drain Infections: Risk Factors and Outcome

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hagel ◽  
T. Bruns ◽  
M. W. Pletz ◽  
C. Engel ◽  
R. Kalff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
External Ventricular Drain ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
External Ventricular Drainage ◽  
External Drainage ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Device Associated Infection ◽  
Underlying Risk ◽  
Center Study

External ventricular drainage (EVD) is frequently used in neurosurgery to drain cerebrospinal fluid in patients with raised intracranial pressure. We performed a retrospective single center study in order to evaluate the incidence of EVD-related infections and to identify underlying risk factors. 246 EVDs were placed in 218 patients over a 30-month period. EVD was continued in median for 7 days (range 1–44). The cumulative incidence of EVD-related infections was 8.3% (95% CI, 5.3–12.7) with a device-associated infection rate of 10.4 per 1000 drainage days (95% CI, 6.2–16.5). The pathogens most commonly identified were coagulase-negativeStaphylococcus(62%) followed byEnterococcusspp. (19%). Patients with an EVD-related infection had a significantly longer ICU (11 versus 21 days,P<0.01) and hospital stay (20 versus 28.5 days,P<0.01) than patients without. Median total duration of external drainage was twice as long in patients with EVD-related infection (6 versus 12 days,P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the duration between first EVD placement and the occurrence of EVD-related infection and EVD removal in patients without EVD-related infection (6 versus 7 days,P=0.87), respectively. Interestingly no risk factor for EVD-related infection could be identified in our cohort of patients.

scholarly journals Clinical and Laboratory Predictors of Painful Vaso-Occlusive Crisis Among Sickle Cell Disease Patients: A Single-Center Study in Saudi Arabia

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ossama Zakaria ◽  
Rayan A Buhalim ◽  
Fahad Almulhim ◽  
Faisal A Al Jabr ◽  
Aqeel Alrashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Center Study

Incidence of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Reactivation after Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) in 324 Patients with Multiple Myeloma and Lymphoma: A Single-Center Study at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC)

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 5824-5824
Author(s):  
Radwan Massoud ◽  
Rita Assi ◽  
Elie Fares ◽  
Nabila Kreidieh ◽  
Rami Mahfouz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplant ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cmv Reactivation ◽  
Center Study

Abstract CONTEXT: Cytomegalovirus reactivation (R-CMV) is often diagnosed in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and could determine a CMV-related disease in these immunocompromised patients, involving any organ. R-CMV and end-organ disease after ASCT has not been studied thoroughly. Autograft recipients are generally considered to have low risk of R-CMV or end-organ disease. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of R-CMV in adult patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing ASCT. DESIGN: Retrospective single center study. SETTING: This study was approved by the institutional review board of AUBMC and conducted at our institution PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: A total of 324 consecutive ASCT were performed at AUBMC between January 2005 and March 2016. All patients and transplant-related characteristics are listed on Table 1. CMV DNA load in blood was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) weekly as a routine monitoring strategy in all patients. Irrespective of PCR results, some patients suspected to have gastrointestinal involvement were biopsied. Also, in the presence of symptomatic CMV reactivation, appropriate anti-CMV therapy was instituted. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: The primary outcome is understanding the potential relationship between R-CMV and Overall Survival (OS). Secondary outcomes included the effect of CMV reactivation on transplant related mortality (TRM), and progression free survival (PFS). RESULTS: Overall, 53 (16%) patients had R-CMV and 38 (72%) required anti-CMV treatment. Five (1,5%) had CMV disease with positive PCR on colon biopsy, yet two had PCR negative in blood. After a median follow up of 21.5 months (range: 1 to 125 months), there was no significant difference in OS or PFS between patients with or without R-CMV. TRM has increased from 1.1% in patients with no R-CMV to 13% in patients with R-CMV (P=0.003). We didn't observe any impact for age, sex, type of disease, pre-transplant treatment types/lines on the incidence R-CMV following ASCT. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that R-CMV is not uncommon in ASCT recipients and may contribute to increased TRM. Biopsy is recommended in case of high suspicion of R-CMV irrespective of PCR results. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Reasons for Hospitalization of Sickle Cell Disease Patients in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: A Single-Center Study

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ossama M Zakaria ◽  
Rayan A Buhalim ◽  
Faisal A Al Jabr ◽  
Mohammed N AlSaeed ◽  
Ibrahim A Al-Hajji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Center Study

scholarly journals Neurosurgical Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Central Germany: A Retrospective Single Center Study of the Second Wave

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12034
Author(s):  
Caroline Sander ◽  
Nickolaus von Dercks ◽  
Michael Karl Fehrenbach ◽  
Tim Wende ◽  
Sebastian Stehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Lesions ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Center Study

The healthcare system has been placed under an enormous burden by the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic. In addition to the challenge of providing sufficient care for COVID-19 patients, there is also a need to ensure adequate care for non-COVID-19 patients. We investigated neurosurgical care in a university hospital during the pandemic. We examined the second wave of the pandemic from 1 October 2020 to 15 March 2021 in this retrospective single-center study and compared it to a pre-pandemic period from 1 October 2019 to 15 March 2020. Any neurosurgical intervention, along with patient- and treatment-dependent factors, were recorded. We also examined perioperative complications and unplanned readmissions. A statistical comparison of the study groups was performed. We treated 535 patients with a total of 602 neurosurgical surgeries during the pandemic. This compares to 602 patients with 717 surgeries during the pre-pandemic period. There were 67 fewer patients (reduction to 88.87%) admitted and 115 fewer surgeries (reduction to 83.96%) performed, which were essentially highly elective procedures, such as cervical spinal stenosis, intracranial neurinomas, and peripheral nerve lesions. Regarding complication rates and unplanned readmissions, there was no significant difference between the COVID-19 pandemic and the non-pandemic patient group. Operative capacities were slightly reduced to 88% due to the pandemic. Nevertheless, comprehensive emergency and elective care was guaranteed in our university hospital. This speaks for the sufficient resources and high-quality processes that existed even before the pandemic.

Abstract TP412: Electroencephalographic Monitoring in Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Waak ◽  
Andrea V Andrade ◽  
Mark Walsh ◽  
Louise Sparkes ◽  
Stephen Malone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Eeg Monitoring ◽  
Arterial Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Electrographic Seizures ◽  
Multi Center Study ◽  
Center Study

Introduction: Seizures occur at a high frequency in acute arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in children however there is very limited knowledge regarding the frequency of electrographic only seizures. Early data suggests that seizures may independently be associated with a poorer outcome in acute brain injury. Without EEG monitoring electrographic seizures will go undetected resulting in a lost opportunity for neuroprotection. The aim of our study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of clinical and electrographic seizures in pediatric AIS. Methods: A pilot prospective single center study was performed between July 2018 and July 2019. Patients between 1 month and 18 years of age were eligible. Video EEG monitoring commenced <10 days following stroke onset. A neurologist and a second independent blinded epileptologist reported the EEG’s. Assessments included the Pediatric National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (PedNIHSS) score and the modified Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (modASPECTS). Clinical management was at the discretion of the treating neurologist. A standardized follow-up assessment was performed at 3 months. Results: Of 11 patients who had AIS during the study period, 10 were recruited. Median age was 3.7 years (range 6 weeks -12 years). Mean EEG duration was 26.8 hours. Electrographic seizures occurred in 4 (40%) patients. Of these 4 patients, 2 had clinical seizures prior to EEG onset. In addition, 1 patient had a clinical seizure prior to EEG with no subsequent electrographic seizures seen. Of the 5 patients with seizures, 3 were less than 2 years of age. Overall electrographic seizure burden was high. Only 2 of 10 patients had no cortical infarction however 1 of these patients had electrographic seizures. In comparing the group with electrographic seizures to those without, there was no statistically significant difference in the modASPECTS (median 4.5 (IQR 4) vs. 4 (9), p = 0.9239) and PedNIHSS scores (5 (9.5) vs. 14 (17), p = 0.3425). Conclusion: This prospective study demonstrated a high frequency and burden of electrographic seizures in young children with AIS. A larger multi-center study is warranted to define risk factors and outcome determinants with potential for recommendation regarding interventions.

Impaired carbon dioxide transport during and after cardiopulmonary bypass

Perfusion ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Cavaliere
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Mixed Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Dissociation Curve ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Transport ◽  
Blood Gas Analyses ◽  
Venous Blood Gas

Changes in the CO2 carrying power of blood were evaluated during and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) by calculating the equation of the whole blood CO2 dissociation curve and the ratio between the arterial-venous differences of CO2 content and CO2 tension (Ra-v). Sixteen patients undergoing normothermic CPB for coronary revascularization were studied; arterial and mixed venous blood gas analyses were performed prior to CPB, at the end of first cardioplegia infusion, 25 and 45 min after CPB commencement and 10 min after the termination of CPB. After CPB commencement, the whole blood CO2 dissociation curve became flatter and did not further change during or after CPB. Ra-v decreased from 1.06 ± 0.16 to 0.72 ± 0.12 ml/mmHg after the start of CPB and did not change significantly during CPB; it was still 0.73 ± 0.13 ml/mmHg after CPB. The data indicate that during CPB the amount of CO2 removed from tissues by 1 litre of blood decreases by about 30% and that impairment in CO2 transport persists after the restoration of physiological circulation. Impairment in CO2 transport is mainly caused by haemodilution, but it could be worsened by acidosis.

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