scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Normative Studies Using Images of Common Objects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Souza ◽  
Margarida V. Garrido ◽  
Joana C. Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Visual Complexity ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Culturally Based

Common objects comprise living and non-living things people interact with in their daily-lives. Images depicting common objects are extensively used in different fields of research and intervention, such as linguistics, psychology, and education. Nevertheless, their adequate use requires the consideration of several factors (e.g., item-differences, cultural-context and confounding correlated variables), and careful validation procedures. The current study presents a systematic review of the available published norms for images of common objects. A systematic search using PRISMA guidelines indicated that despite their extensive use, the production of norms for such stimuli with adult populations is quite limited (N = 55), particularly for more ecological images, such as photos (N = 14). Among the several dimensions in which the items were assessed, the most commonly referred in our sample were familiarity, visual complexity and name agreement, illustrating some consistency across the reported dimensions while also indicating the limited examination of other potentially relevant dimensions for image processing. The lack of normative studies simultaneously examining affective, perceptive and semantic dimensions was also documented. The number of such normative studies has been increasing in the last years and published in relevant peer-reviewed journals. Moreover, their datasets and norms have been complying with current open science practices. Nevertheless, they are still scarcely cited and replicated in different linguistic and cultural contexts. The current study brings important theoretical contributions by characterizing images of common objects stimuli and their culturally-based norms while highlighting several important features that are likely to be relevant for future stimuli selection and evaluative procedures. The systematic scrutiny of these normative studies is likely to stimulate the production of new, robust and contextually-relevant normative datasets and to provide tools for enhancing the quality of future research and intervention.

scholarly journals Nocturnal digital surveillance in aged populations and its effects on health, welfare and social care provision: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt X. Richardson ◽  
Maria Ehn ◽  
Sara Landerdahl Stridsberg ◽  
Ken Redekop ◽  
Sarah Wamala-Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Digital Surveillance

Abstract Background Nocturnal digital surveillance technologies are being widely implemented as interventions for remotely monitoring elderly populations, and often replace person-based surveillance. Such interventions are often placed in care institutions or in the home, and monitored by qualified personnel or relatives, enabling more rapid and/or frequent assessment of the individual’s need for assistance than through on-location visits. This systematic review summarized the effects of these surveillance technologies on health, welfare and social care provision outcomes in populations ≥ 50 years, compared to standard care. Method Primary studies published 2005–2020 that assessed these technologies were identified in 11 databases of peer-reviewed literature and numerous grey literature sources. Initial screening, full-text screening, and citation searching steps yielded the studies included in the review. The Risk of Bias and ROBINS-I tools were used for quality assessment of the included studies. Result Five studies out of 744 identified records met inclusion criteria. Health-related outcomes (e.g. accidents, 2 studies) and social care outcomes (e.g. staff burden, 4 studies) did not differ between interventions and standard care. Quality of life and affect showed improvement (1 study each), as did economic outcomes (1 study). The quality of studies was low however, with all studies possessing a high to critical risk of bias. Conclusions We found little evidence for the benefit of nocturnal digital surveillance interventions as compared to standard care in several key outcomes. Higher quality intervention studies should be prioritized in future research to provide more reliable evidence.

A Systematic Review of Replicative Self-Determination Intervention Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
John L. Luckner ◽  
Rashida Banerjee ◽  
Sara Movahedazarhouligh ◽  
Kaitlyn Millen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Replication Research ◽  
Quality Of Research

Current federal legislation emphasizes the use of programs, interventions, strategies, and activities that have been demonstrated through research to be effective. One way to increase the quantity and quality of research that guides practice is to conduct replication research. The purpose of this study was to undertake a systematic review of the replication research focused on self-determination conducted between 2007 and 2017. Using methods used by Cook and colleagues, we identified 80 intervention studies on topics related to self-determination, of which 31 were coded as replications. Intervention study trends, rate of replication studies, percentage of agreements between findings of original and replication studies, amount of author overlap, and types of research designs used are reported along with recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals Researcher Degrees of Freedom in the Psychology of Religion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Jane Charles ◽  
James Edward Bartlett ◽  
Kyle J. Messick ◽  
Thomas Joseph Coleman ◽  
Alex Uzdavines
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Psychology Of Religion ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Replication Crisis ◽  
The Way

There is a push in psychology toward more transparent practices, stemming partially as a response to the replication crisis. We argue that the psychology of religion should help lead the way toward these new, more transparent practices to ensure a robust and dynamic subfield. One of the major issues that proponents of Open Science practices hope to address is researcher degrees of freedom (RDF). We pre-registered and conducted a systematic review of the 2017 issues from three psychology of religion journals. We aimed to identify the extent to which the psychology of religion has embraced Open Science practices and the role of RDF within the subfield. We found that many of the methodologies that help to increase transparency, such as pre-registration, have yet to be adopted by those in the subfield. In light of these findings, we present recommendations for addressing the issue of transparency in the psychology of religion and outline how to move toward these new Open Science practices.

Development a Palliative Care Program for Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Mixed Methods Protocol study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Masoumy ◽  
Masoud Bahrami ◽  
Alireza sadeghi ◽  
Rohallah Mosavizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Palliative Care Program ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

BACKGROUND Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in Iranian men and the second in Iranian women and it is a serious health problem in the Iran health system. OBJECTIVE Objective: The purpose is to develop a holistic palliative care program in order to improve the health and quality of life of colorectal cancer patients. METHODS Methods: This is an exploratory mixed methods study which will be conducted using a sequential qualitative-quantitative design (QUAL quan) consists of four sequential steps using the approach proposed by Ewles & Sminett to develop the program. In the first step, a qualitative study (semi-structured interview), the researcher discovers the needs of colorectal cancer patients from the perspective of patients, family members and care providers. In the second step, the literature review will be performed with the aim of confirming and completing the discovering new needs. In the third step, a initial draft of the palliative care program will be developed based on data extracted from qualitative study and literature review, experts’ panel opinions. In the fourth step, according to the opinions of the panel of experts, the part of the developed program will be implemented as quasi-experimental intervention and the effect of intervention on quality of life will be evaluated. RESULTS This study can will provide a better understanding of the demands and problems of colorectal cancer patients and their families through providing a holistic care and improve their quality of life in the socio-cultural context of Iran. This program can be useful in providing care, education, policy making, future research and colorectal cancer patients' health promotion. CONCLUSIONS This study can will provide a better understanding of the demands and problems of colorectal cancer patients and their families through providing a holistic care and improve their quality of life in the socio-cultural context of Iran. This program can be useful in providing care, education, policy making, future research and colorectal cancer patients' health promotion.

Dissemination of Assistive Technology Devices for Children with Disabilities through Realabilities

2015 ◽  
pp. 310-335
Author(s):  
Senada Arucevic
Keyword(s):  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Children's Television ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Further Development

Over the last decade, vast research has been conducted on assistive technology devices and the potential implementation of these devices in the daily lives of individuals with disabilities. Many devices are new to the public and may require further development, but it is important to disseminate information about these useful technologies, which often afford users more independence with their activities of daily living. Unfortunately individuals with disabilities often encounter stigma; research suggests that assistive technology devices may at times contribute to this ostracism. This chapter reviews a variety of technologies that have been used to improve the quality of life of individuals with varying disabilities. These devices are presented in the context of introducing a new children's television show, Realabilities, a pro-social and stop-bullying children's television program that seeks to enhance the social interaction and initiation of typical children towards children with disabilities. Directions for future research and implementation of these devices are also discussed.

scholarly journals The Effect of Enteral Tube Feeding on Patients’ Health-Related Quality of Life: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omorogieva Ojo ◽  
Edel Keaveney ◽  
Xiao-Hua Wang ◽  
Ping Feng
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Enteral Tube Feeding ◽  
Significant Difference

Patients with functional gastrointestinal tract who are unable to meet their nutritional requirements may benefit from the use of enteral nutrition via feeding tubes which could be nasogastric, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and jejunostomy. Although enteral tube feeding has been shown to promote nutritional status, improve wound healing, and enhance patients’ quality of life (QoL), evidence of tube and feed complications and reduced QoL has also been reported. Despite the increasing prevalence of patients on enteral tube feeding, no systematic review examining the role of enteral tube feeding on patients’ QoL appears to have been published. Aim: The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effect of enteral tube feeding on patients’ QoL. Method: Three databases (EMBASE, Pubmed, and PsycINFO) plus Google Scholar were searched for relevant articles based on the Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes (PICO) framework. The review was in line with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and involved the use of synonyms and medical subject headings. In addition, search terms were combined using Boolean operators (AND/OR) and all the articles retrieved were exported to EndNote for de-duplication. Results: Fourteen articles which met the criteria were included and three distinct areas were identified: the effect of early versus late enteral tube feeding on QoL; the QoL of patients on gastrostomy versus standard care, and the effect of enteral tube feeding on QoL. Overall, nine studies reported improvement in the QoL of patients on enteral tube feeding, while five studies demonstrated either no significant difference or reduction in QoL. Some factors which may have influenced these outcomes are differences in types of gastrostomy tubes, enteral feeding methods (including time patients spent connected to enteral feed/pump), and patients’ medical conditions, as well as the generic and/or type of QoL measuring instrument used. Conclusion: Most reviewed studies suggest that enteral tube feeding is effective in improving patients’ QoL. The use of enteral tube feeding-specific QoL measuring instruments is recommended for future research, and improved management strategies including use of mobile enteral feeding pumps should further enhance patients’ QoL. More studies on the effect of delivery systems/enteral feeding pumps on QoL are needed as research in this area is limited.

scholarly journals Association between cancer and neurodegenerative disorders including dementias; a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L G Gagatsis ◽  
E F Ford ◽  
S B Bremner ◽  
P P Paudyal
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Current Context

Abstract Background Several studies have examined associations between neurodegenerative disorders (ND) including dementia, and cancer. However, the associations and directions of these relationships vary by types of ND and cancer. In the current context of ageing populations and increased incidence of ND, dementia and cancer, and existing comorbidity between these disease groups, a better understanding of these relationships could, in future, inform prevention and therapeutics. This systematic review summarises the epidemiological evidence on these associations. Methods PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant studies published by 31/12/2018. The search strategy included a combination of search and MESH terms related to ND (e.g. Alzheimer’s, dementia), cancer and study design (case-control, cohort). The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Results 77 studies were eligible for inclusion. The majority of studies scored 6+ on the NOS scale and some reported significant associations between ND and cancer. The association with specific types of cancer was not as evident as with all cancers. An inverse relationship was found between NDs and particularly Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Dementia and Cancer. Only one study found no association between Vascular Dementia and Cancer. Conclusions The findings report an overall inverse association between NDs and all cancers but associations are less evident with specific cancer types. Results from this review can be helpful in recommending reporting standards for future research to reduce heterogeneity between studies. Key messages Exploring the intersection of neurodegenerative disorders/dementia and cancer might help redirect research to novel therapeutic approaches. A standardised approach in design and outcome measurement is necessary to reduce heterogeneity across the studies.

A systematic review of costing studies for implementing and scaling-up breastfeeding interventions: what do we know and what are the gaps?

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Carroll ◽  
Cara Safon ◽  
Gabriela Buccini ◽  
Mireya Vilar-Compte ◽  
Graciela Teruel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Maternity Leave ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
World Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cost Estimates ◽  
Costing Study

Abstract Despite the well-established evidence that breastfeeding improves maternal and child health outcomes, global rates of exclusive breastfeeding remain low. Cost estimates can inform stakeholders about the financial resources needed to scale up interventions to ultimately improve breastfeeding outcomes in low-, middle- and high-income countries. To inform the development of comprehensive costing frameworks, this systematic review aimed to (1) identify costing studies for implementing or scaling-up breastfeeding interventions, (2) assess the quality of identified costing studies and (3) examine the availability of cost data to identify gaps that need to be addressed through future research. Peer-reviewed and grey literature were systematically searched using a combination of index terms and relevant text words related to cost and the following breastfeeding interventions: breastfeeding counselling, maternity leave, the World Health Organization International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes, the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative, media promotion, workplace support and pro-breastfeeding social policies. Data were extracted after having established inter-rater reliability among the first two authors. The quality of studies was assessed using an eight-item checklist for key costing study attributes. Forty-five studies met the inclusion criteria, with the majority including costs for breastfeeding counselling and paid maternity leave. Most cost analyses included key costing study attributes; however, major weaknesses among the studies were the lack of clarity on costing perspectives and not accounting for the uncertainty of reported cost estimates. Costing methodologies varied substantially, standardized costing frameworks are needed for reliably estimating the costs of implementing and scaling-up breastfeeding interventions at local-, national- or global-levels.

scholarly journals Microplastic contamination of salt intended for human consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Danopoulos ◽  
Lauren Jenner ◽  
Maureen Twiddy ◽  
Jeanette M. Rotchell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Human Health Effects ◽  
Potential Human Health

Abstract Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging contaminant ubiquitous in the environment. There is growing concern regarding potential human health effects, a major human exposure route being dietary uptake. We have undertaken a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis to identify all relevant research on MP contamination of salt intended for human consumption. Three thousand nine hundred and nineteen papers were identified, with ten fitting the inclusion criteria. A search of the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science, from launch date to September 2020, was conducted. MP contamination of salt varied significantly between four origins, sea salt 0–1674 MPs/kg, lake salt 8–462 MPs/kg, rock and well salt 0–204 MPs/kg. The majority of samples were found to be contaminated by MPs. Corresponding potential human exposures are estimated to be 0–6110 MPs per year (for all origins), confirming salt as a carrier of MPs. A bespoke risk of bias (RoB) assessment tool was used to appraise the quality of the studies, with studies demonstrating moderate to low RoB. These results suggest that a series of recurring issues need to be addressed in future research regarding sampling, analysis and reporting to improve confidence in research findings.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy: a COSMIN systematic review protocol

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Williams ◽  
Bronwyn Beovich
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Measurement ◽  
Jefferson Scale Of Empathy

Abstract Background Empathy is an important characteristic to possess for healthcare professionals. It has been found to improve communication between professionals and patients and to improve clinical health outcomes. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) was developed to measure this quality and has been used extensively, and psychometrically appraised, with a variety of cohorts and in different cultural environments. However, no study has been undertaken to systematically examine the methodological quality of studies which have assessed psychometric factors of the JSE. This systematic review will examine the quality of published papers that have reported on psychometric factors of the JSE. Methods A systematic review of studies which report on the psychometric properties of the JSE will be conducted. We will use a predefined search strategy to identify studies meeting the following eligibility criteria: original data is reported on for at least one of the psychometric measurement properties described in the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) Risk of Bias checklist, examines the JSE in a healthcare cohort (using the student, physician or health profession versions of the JSE), and is published from January 2001 and in the English language. Conference abstracts, editorials and grey literature will be excluded. Six electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, PsychInfo, PubMed, Web of Science and CINAHL) will be systematically searched for articles meeting these criteria and studies will be assessed for eligibility by two review authors. The methodological quality of included papers will be examined using the COSMIN Risk of Bias checklist. Discussion A narrative description of the findings will be presented along with summary tables. Recommendations for use of the JSE with various cohorts and circumstances will be offered which may inform future research in this field. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42018111412

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