scholarly journals Integrating Embodied Cognition and Information Processing: A Combined Model of the Role of Gesture in Children's Mathematical Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raychel Gordon ◽  
Geetha B. Ramani
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Embodied Cognition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Math Learning ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Math Problems ◽  
Information Processing Approach

Children learn and use various strategies to solve math problems. One way children's math learning can be supported is through their use of and exposure to hand gestures. Children's self-produced gestures can reveal unique, math-relevant knowledge that is not contained in their speech. Additionally, these gestures can assist with their math learning and problem solving by supporting their cognitive processes, such as executive function. The gestures that children observe during math instructions are also linked to supporting cognition. Specifically, children are better able to learn, retain, and generalize knowledge about math when that information is presented within the gestures that accompany an instructor's speech. To date, no conceptual model provides an outline regarding how these gestures and the math environment are connected, nor how they may interact with children's underlying cognitive capacities such as their executive function. In this review, we propose a new model based on an integration of the information processing approach and theory of embodied cognition. We provide an in-depth review of the related literature and consider how prior research aligns with each link within the proposed model. Finally, we discuss the utility of the proposed model as it pertains to future research endeavors.

The Methodological Argument for Informational Teleosemantics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Neander
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Basic Form ◽  
Explanatory Role ◽  
Proper Functioning ◽  
Processing Approach ◽  
Semantic Norms ◽  
Information Processing Approach

Teleosemantic theories are diverse, but they all endorse the claim that semantic norms, to do with correct and incorrect representation, derive in part at least from functional norms, to do with normal or proper functioning. Informational teleosemantics adds that semantic norms also derive from natural-factiveinformation. In this chapter, The author starts with the premise defended in chapter 3–– in explaining how bodies and brains operate, biologists use a notion of normal-proper function. To this the author adds that the same notion of function is used in explaining cognitive (including perceptual) capacities, and then argue that, given an information-processing approach, the norms of proper functioning are thus wedded to the aboutness of natural-factive information, so that a basic form of normative aboutness is posited. This elucidates the explanatory role of positing nonconceptual representations, establishes the scientific credentials of informational teleosemantics, and gives us good reason to try to solve its alleged problems. In the last few sections, the author argues that the main naturalistic “alternatives” to teleosemantics also have apparently ineliminableteleosemantic commitments.

When and Why Does Passion for Work Predict Well- and Ill-Being?

2019 ◽  
pp. 263-300
Author(s):  
Claude Fernet ◽  
Sarah-Geneviève Trépanier ◽  
Stéphanie Austin ◽  
Louise Clément
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Passion For Work

The present chapter provides an integrative review of the work stress literature while referring to the empirical evidence on passion for work in relation to psychological health, that is, well- and ill-being manifestations. Drawing on recent scientific literature, the chapter presents an extended dualist model of passion in adaptation to the work environment, which aims to identify work environment factors that are associated with well- and ill-being, and to examine the moderating role of passion for work in the psychological processes associated with psychological health. Results confirming the proposed model are presented, as well as future research directions.

Personality and Information Processing: We Are What We Encode

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Personality Differences ◽  
Processing Styles ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Nature Of Information ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Role Of Information

This commentary addresses several questions raised by the papers in this special issue: about the nature of information processing methods in the study of personality, the degree to which processing biases are specific to certain types of information, the causal relationship between processing styles and personality, and the extent to which individual variations of information processing are automatic or can be controlled. The implications of the findings described in the papers published in this special issue for each of these questions are discussed, leading to some tentative suggestions for future research into the role of information processing as a contributory cause of personality differences. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Can ethical leaders drive employees’ CSR engagement?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Nejati ◽  
Yashar Salamzadeh ◽  
Cheng Kong Loke
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Person Organization Fit ◽  
Csr Engagement ◽  
Ethical Leaders

Purpose The association between ethical leadership and employees’ ethical behaviors is well-established. But can ethical leadership go beyond this and drive employees’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) engagement? The purpose of this study is to examine the association between ethical leadership and employees’ perception of their engagement in CSR activities while exploring the mediating role of person–organization fit. Design/methodology/approach Using a quantitative research design, data were collected via self-administered questionnaires from 142 employees of multi-national companies in Malaysia. This study used partial-least squares structural equation modeling to test and validate the research model and hypotheses posited. Findings The results reveal that ethical leadership has a positive impact on employees’ CSR engagement, mediated through person–organization fit. Moreover, analyses were carried out to assess the predictive performance of the proposed model. Our results confirmed the predictive capability of the proposed model. Research limitations/implications This study has provided a better understanding of employees’ CSR engagement, which is a crucial factor for effectiveness of CSR implementation in any organization. Finding evidence on the positive role of ethical leadership in driving employees’ CSR engagement extends both the leadership and CSR literature and offers new avenues for future research studies. Practical implications This study has shown that ethical leadership can stimulate employees’ CSR engagement through creating a better person–organization fit. This understanding can help managers in finding ways for more effective involvement of employees in a company’s CSR activities and creating a better working environment. Social implications Organizations can find better ways to involve employees in CSR activities through having ethical leaders who lead by example and champion social causes. Although ethical leadership will benefit society, it will also help employees experience a better fit between their values and those of the organization. Originality/value Despite extensive research on CSR, its drivers and outcomes, there is still limited knowledge on the role of leaders in driving employees’ CSR engagement. Findings from an emerging economy (i.e. Malaysia) will offer fresh insights into the growing CSR and leadership literature.

scholarly journals Air delay propagation patterns in Europe from 2015 to 2018: an information processing perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisina Pastorino ◽  
Massimiliano Zanin
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Delay Propagation ◽  
Complementary Approach ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

Abstract The characterisation of delay propagation is one of the major topics of research in air transport management, due to its negative effects on the cost-efficiency, safety and environmental impact of this transportation mode. While most research works have naturally framed it as a transportation process, the successful application of network theory in neuroscience suggests a complementary approach, based on describing delay propagation as a form of information processing. This allows reconstructing propagation patterns from the dynamics of the individual elements, i.e. from the evolution observed at individual airports, without the need of additional a priori information. We here apply this framework to the analysis of delay propagation in the European airspace between 2015 and 2018, describe the evolution of the observed structure, and identify the role of individual airports in it. We further use this analysis to illustrate the limitations and challenges associated to this approach, and to sketch a roadmap of future research in this evolving topic.

Bridging the Sciences of Mindfulness and Romantic Relationships

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan C. Karremans ◽  
Melanie P. J. Schellekens ◽  
Gesa Kappen
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relationship Functioning ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Proposed Model

Research on mindfulness, defined as paying conscious and non-judgmental attention to present-moment experiences, has increased rapidly in the past decade but has focused almost entirely on the benefits of mindfulness for individual well-being. This article considers the role of mindfulness in romantic relationships. Although strong claims have been made about the potentially powerful role of mindfulness in creating better relationships, it is less clear whether, when, and how this may occur. This article integrates the literatures on mindfulness and romantic relationship science, and sketches a theory-driven model and future research agenda to test possible pathways of when and how mindfulness may affect romantic relationship functioning. We review some initial direct and indirect evidence relevant to the proposed model. Finally, we discuss the implications of how studying mindfulness may further our understanding of romantic relationship (dys)functioning, and how mindfulness may be a promising and effective tool in couple interventions.

The Role of Personal Goal and Self-Efficiency in Predicting Computer Task Performance

2005 ◽  
pp. 65-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mun Y. Yi ◽  
Kun S. Im
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Motivational Beliefs ◽  
Personal Goal ◽  
End User ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Mba Students ◽  
Proposed Model

Computer task performance is an essential driver of end user productivity. Recent research indicates that computer self-efficacy (CSE) is an important determinant of computer task performance. Contrary to the significant interest in understanding the role of CSE in predicting computer task performance, little attention has been given to understanding the role of personal goal (PG), which can be as powerful as or more powerful than CSE in predicting and determining computer task performance. Employing CSE and PG, the present research develops and validates a theoretical model that predicts individual computer task performance. The model was tested using PLS on data from an intensive software (Microsoft Excel) training program, in which 41 MBA students participated. Results largely support the theorized relationships of the proposed model and provide important insights into how individual motivational beliefs influence computer skill acquisition and task performance. Implications are drawn for future research and practice.

Source Magnification: The Role of Multiple Sources in the Processing of Advertising Appeals

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Moore ◽  
Richard Reardon
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Advertising Appeals ◽  
Processing Approach ◽  
Information Processing Approach

Using the information processing approach adopted by Harkins and Petty, the authors find the polarization of thoughts and attitudes in response to strong versus weak arguments to be greater when subjects are exposed to multiple message sources rather than to a single source.

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