Functionality of the Crosswise Model for Assessing Sensitive or Transgressive Behavior: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tools for reliable assessment of socially sensitive or transgressive behavior warrant constant development. Among them, the Crosswise Model (CM) has gained considerable attention. We systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed empirical applications of CM and addressed a gap for quality assessment of indirect estimation models. Guided by the PRISMA protocol, we identified 45 empirical studies from electronic database and reference searches. Thirty of these were comparative validation studies (CVS) comparing CM and direct question (DQ) estimates. Six prevalence studies exclusively used CM. One was a qualitative study. Behavior investigated were substance use and misuse (k = 13), academic misconduct (k = 8), and corruption, tax evasion, and theft (k = 7) among others. Majority of studies (k = 39) applied the “more is better” hypothesis. Thirty-five studies relied on birthday distribution and 22 of these used P = 0.25 for the non-sensitive item. Overall, 11 studies were assessed as high-, 31 as moderate-, and two as low quality (excluding the qualitative study). The effect of non-compliance was assessed in eight studies. From mixed CVS results, the meta-analysis indicates that CM outperforms DQ on the “more is better” validation criterion, and increasingly so with higher behavior sensitivity. However, little difference was observed between DQ and CM estimates for items with DQ prevalence estimate around 50%. Based on empirical evidence available to date, our study provides support for the superiority of CM to DQ in assessing sensitive/transgressive behavior. Despite some limitations, CM is a valuable and promising tool for population level investigation.

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Functionality of the Crosswise Model for assessing sensitive or transgressive behavior: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.31236/osf.io/zcy6a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dominic Sagoe ◽

Maarten J.L.F. Cruyff ◽

Owen Spendiff ◽

Razieh Chegeni ◽

Olivier de Hon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Quality Assessment ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Indirect Estimation ◽

Promising Tool ◽

Reliable Assessment ◽

Transgressive Behavior ◽

Crosswise Model ◽

Estimation Models

Tools for reliable assessment of socially sensitive or transgressive behavior warrant constant development. Among them, the Crosswise Model (CM) has gained considerable attention. Therefore, we systematically reviewed and meta-analysed empirical applications of CM and addressed a gap for quality assessment of indirect estimation models. To our knowledge, the present study presents the first systematic review of the functionality of CM, and quality assessment of CM and indirect estimation models in general. Guided by the PRISMA protocol, we identified 35 empirical studies from electronic database and reference searches, of which 25 were comparative validation studies (CVS) with CM estimates and direct question (DQ). Results of the meta-analysis indicate that CM outperforms DQ on the “more is better” validation criterion, and increasingly so with more behavior sensitivity. However, little difference was observed between DQ and CM estimates for items with DQ prevalence around 50%. Based on empirical evidence available to date, our study provides support for the superiority of CM to DQ. Despite some limitations, CM is a valuable and promising tool for assessing sensitive or transgressive behavior.

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Estimation accuracy of species abundance based on environmental DNA with relation to its production source, state, and assay methodology suggested by meta-analyses

10.22541/au.163490255.53353112/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Toshiaki Jo ◽

Hiroki Yamanaka

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Environmental Dna ◽

Efficient Estimation ◽

Estimation Accuracy ◽

Accurate Estimation ◽

Abundance Estimation ◽

Natural Environments ◽

Promising Tool

Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a promising tool for non-disruptive and cost-efficient estimation of species abundance. However, its practical applicability in natural environments is limited because it is unclear whether eDNA concentrations actually represent species abundance in the field. Although the importance of accounting for eDNA dynamics, such as transport and degradation, has been discussed, the influences of eDNA characteristics, including production source and state, and methodology, including collection and quantification strategy and abundance metrics, on the accuracy of eDNA-based abundance estimation were entirely overlooked. We conducted a meta-analysis using 56 previous eDNA literature and investigated the relationships between the accuracy (R2) of eDNA-based abundance estimation and eDNA characteristics and methodology. Our meta-regression analysis found that R2 values were significantly lower for crustaceans than fish, suggesting that less frequent eDNA production owing to their external morphology and physiology may impede accurate estimation of their abundance via eDNA. Moreover, R2 values were positively associated with filter pore size, indicating that selective collection of larger-sized eDNA, which is typically fresher, could improve the estimation accuracy of species abundance. Furthermore, R2 values were significantly lower for natural than laboratory conditions, while there was no difference in the estimation accuracy among natural environments. Our findings shed a new light on the importance of what characteristics of eDNA should be targeted for more accurate estimation of species abundance. Further empirical studies are required to validate our findings and fully elucidate the relationship between eDNA characteristics and eDNA-based abundance estimation.

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Prevalence and correlates of loneliness in India: A systematic review

10.31235/osf.io/x4ctz ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Md Mahbub Hossain ◽

Neetu Purohit ◽

Nusrat Khan ◽

E. Lisako J. McKyer ◽

Ping Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

The Elderly ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Factors Associated

Introduction: Loneliness is a critical psychosocial problem that affects mental health and wellbeing of the individuals and communities. This systematic review synthesized the current evidence on the prevalence and correlates of loneliness from empirical studies conducted in India.Methods: Adopting the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, eight major databases and additional sources were searched. Studies were evaluated using following criteria: peer-reviewed journal articles, published in English language, presenting any quantitative form of evidence on loneliness, and studies conducted in India among the Indian population. A meta-analysis of the prevalence studies and narrative synthesis of the overall status and factors associated with loneliness were conducted.Results: Among 1290 studies, only 13 met our criteria. All the studies reported a high burden of loneliness among the participants. The pooled prevalence among 3169 participants was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI] 18% - 63%). The burden of loneliness was higher among the elderly participants (44%, 95% CI 5% - 83%) compared to younger participants (24%, 95% CI 22% - 27%). Factors associated with loneliness included aging, family structure, marital status, religious practices, group membership, educational attainment, source and level of income, psychological attributes, and comorbid physical and mental health conditions among the affected individuals. Conclusion: This review identified and evaluated the status and severity of loneliness and its correlates, which may inform future studies examining complex psychopathological and social dynamics associated with loneliness. Lastly, the current evidence necessitates the development of multipronged interventions to address the risk factors and alleviate the burden of loneliness in India.

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Prevalence and correlates of loneliness in India: A systematic review

10.31124/advance.11533026 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Md Mahbub Hossain ◽

Neetu Purohit ◽

Nusrat Khan ◽

E. Lisako J. McKyer ◽

Ping Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

The Elderly ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Factors Associated

Introduction: Loneliness is a critical psychosocial problem that affects mental health and wellbeing of the individuals and communities. This systematic review synthesized the current evidence on the prevalence and correlates of loneliness from empirical studies conducted in India. Methods: Adopting the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, eight major databases and additional sources were searched. Studies were evaluated using following criteria: peer-reviewed journal articles, published in English language, presenting any quantitative form of evidence on loneliness, and studies conducted in India among the Indian population. A meta-analysis of the prevalence studies and narrative synthesis of the overall status and factors associated with loneliness were conducted. Results: Among 1290 studies, only 13 met our criteria. All the studies reported a high burden of loneliness among the participants. The pooled prevalence among 3169 participants was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI] 18% - 63%). The burden of loneliness was higher among the elderly participants (44%, 95% CI 5% - 83%) compared to younger participants (24%, 95% CI 22% - 27%). Factors associated with loneliness included aging, family structure, marital status, religious practices, group membership, educational attainment, source and level of income, psychological attributes, and comorbid physical and mental health conditions among the affected individuals. Conclusion: This review identified and evaluated the status and severity of loneliness and its correlates, which may inform future studies examining complex psychopathological and social dynamics associated with loneliness. Lastly, the current evidence necessitates the development of multipronged interventions to address the risk factors and alleviate the burden of loneliness in India.

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Susceptibility to and transmission of COVID-19 amongst children and adolescents compared with adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1101/2020.05.20.20108126 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Russell M Viner ◽

Oliver T Mytton ◽

Chris Bonell ◽

G.J. Melendez-Torres ◽

Joseph L Ward ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Young People ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Secondary Infection ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Population Level ◽

Population Screening ◽

Contact Tracing ◽

Children And Young People ◽

Prevalence Studies

Importance The degree to which children and young people are infected by and transmit the SARS-CoV-2 virus is unclear. The role of children and young people in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is dependent on susceptibility, symptoms, viral load, social contact patterns and behaviour. Objective We undertook a rapid systematic review to address the question What is the susceptibility to and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by children and adolescents compared with adults? Data sources We searched PubMed and medRxiv up to 28 July 2020 and identified 13,926 studies, with additional studies identified through handsearching of cited references and professional contacts. Study Selection We included studies which provided data on the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in children and young people ( <20 years) compared with adults derived from contact-tracing or population-screening. We excluded single household studies. Data extraction and Synthesis We followed PRISMA guidelines for abstracting data, independently by 2 reviewers. Quality was assessed using a critical appraisal checklist for prevalence studies. Random effects meta-analysis was undertaken. Main Outcomes Secondary infection rate (contact-tracing studies) or prevalence or seroprevalence (population-screening studies) amongst children and young people compared with adults. Results 32 studies met inclusion criteria; 18 contact-tracing and 14 population-screening. The pooled odds ratio of being an infected contact in children compared with adults was 0.56 (0.37, 0.85) with substantial heterogeneity (95%). Three school contact tracing studies found minimal transmission by child or teacher index cases. Findings from population-screening studies were heterogenous and were not suitable for meta-analysis. The majority of studies were consistent with lower seroprevalence in children compared with adults, although seroprevalence in adolescents appeared similar to adults. Conclusions There is preliminary evidence that children and young people have lower susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, with a 43% lower odds of being an infected contact. There is weak evidence that children and young people play a lesser role in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at a population level. Our study provides no information on the infectivity of children.

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Is deterrence approach effective in combating tax evasion? A meta-analysis

Problems and Perspectives in Management ◽

10.21511/ppm.17(2).2019.07 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 93-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Muh Dularif ◽

Sutrisno T. ◽

Nurkholis ◽

Erwin Saraswati

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

Effect Size ◽

Tax Evasion ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Income Level ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Tax Rate ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a meta-analysis of the relationship between determinant factors and tax evasion based on deterrence approach. Using the meta-analysis method, each statistical result of empirical studies is converted into r-pearson as standardized effect size, and then synthesized into a mean effect size in order to increase power and to resolve uncertainty. Theoretically, increasing audit, tax rate and tax penalty will decrease tax evasion. However, the results show that only tax rate has a significant impact on tax evasion. Synthesizing totally 478 outcomes from articles published between 1978 and 2018, there is a robust conclusion that decreasing tax rate is an effective tool in combating tax evasion. On the other hand, audit and penalty are not significant in influencing tax evasion. In addition, the results of heterogeneity analysis suggest that national culture and income level of the country are useful in explaining the impact of audit, tax rate and tax penalty on tax evasion. These findings should be of interest to policymakers. First, instead of sacrificing more resources in conducting audit or imposing more penalty, tax authorities should consider setting the tax rate as low as possible to diminish tax evasion. Second, considering that culture and income level influence the impact of audit and penalty on tax evasion, policymakers should consider national cultural values and income level condition when designing audit techniques and setting penalty structures.

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Loneliness in India: A systematic review of empirical studies

10.31124/advance.11533026.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Md Mahbub Hossain ◽

Neetu Purohit ◽

Nusrat Khan ◽

E. Lisako J. McKyer ◽

Ping Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Status

Introduction: Loneliness is a psychosocial problem that affects mental health and wellbeing of the individuals and communities. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the current evidence on the status and correlates of loneliness from empirical studies conducted in India. Methods: Adopting the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, eight major databases and additional sources were searched. Studies were evaluated using following criteria: peer-reviewed journal articles, published in English language, presenting any quantitative form of evidence on loneliness, and studies conducted in India among the Indian population. A meta-analysis of the prevalence studies and narrative synthesis of the overall status and factors associated with loneliness were conducted. Results: Among 1031 studies, only 13 met our criteria. All the studies reported a high burden of loneliness among the participants. The pooled prevalence among 3169 participants was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI] 18% - 63%). The burden of loneliness was higher among the elderly participants (44%, 95% CI 5% - 83%) compared to younger participants (24%, 95% CI 22% - 27%). Factors associated with loneliness included aging, family structure, marital status, religious practices, group membership, educational attainment, source and level of income, psychological attributes, and comorbid physical and mental health conditions among the affected individuals. Conclusion: This review identified and evaluated the status and severity of loneliness and its correlates, which may inform future studies examining complex psychopathological and social dynamics associated with loneliness. Lastly, the current evidence necessitates the development of multipronged interventions to address the risk factors and alleviate the burden of loneliness in India.

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Prevalence and correlates of loneliness in India: A systematic review

10.31124/advance.11533026.v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Md Mahbub Hossain ◽

Neetu Purohit ◽

Nusrat Khan ◽

E. Lisako J. McKyer ◽

Ping Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

The Elderly ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Factors Associated

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Loneliness in India: A systematic review of empirical studies

10.31124/advance.11533026.v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Md Mahbub Hossain ◽

Neetu Purohit ◽

Nusrat Khan ◽

E. Lisako J. McKyer ◽

Ping Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Status

Introduction: Loneliness is a psychosocial problem that affects mental health and wellbeing of the individuals and communities. This systematic review synthesized the current evidence on the status and correlates of loneliness from empirical studies conducted in India. Methods: Adopting the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, eight major databases and additional sources were searched. Studies were evaluated using following criteria: peer-reviewed journal articles, published in English language, presenting any quantitative form of evidence on loneliness, and studies conducted in India among the Indian population. A meta-analysis of the prevalence studies and narrative synthesis of the overall status and factors associated with loneliness were conducted. Results: Among 1290 studies, only 13 met our criteria. All the studies reported a high burden of loneliness among the participants. The pooled prevalence among 3169 participants was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI] 18% - 63%). The burden of loneliness was higher among the elderly participants (44%, 95% CI 5% - 83%) compared to younger participants (24%, 95% CI 22% - 27%). Factors associated with loneliness included aging, family structure, marital status, religious practices, group membership, educational attainment, source and level of income, psychological attributes, and comorbid physical and mental health conditions among the affected individuals. Conclusion: This review identified and evaluated the status and severity of loneliness and its correlates, which may inform future studies examining complex psychopathological and social dynamics associated with loneliness. Lastly, the current evidence necessitates the development of multipronged interventions to address the risk factors and alleviate the burden of loneliness in India.

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A Comprehensive Meta-analysis of the Determinants of FDI Performance in Korean Firms - Focus on Domestic Empirical Studies -

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS REVIEW ◽

10.21739/ibr.2018.06.22.2.141 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 141-163

Author(s):

Hla, Min Tun ◽

Ho-Yeol Bang

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Determinants Of Fdi

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