scholarly journals Expectation of Selfishness From Others in Borderline Personality Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Evelyn Lévay ◽  
Bettina Bajzát ◽  
Zsolt Szabolcs Unoka
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Social Value Orientation ◽  
Matched Sample ◽  
Selfish Behavior ◽  
Social Difficulties ◽  
Social Motivations ◽  
Healthy Participants

Social difficulties are apparent in borderline personality disorder (BPD). Behavior in BPD is characterized by mistrust and expectations of malevolence from others. We examined whether there is an asymmetry between their social behavior and their belief about other people’s social motivations. Subjects completed a task where they had to allocate money between themselves and an imagined other they will not meet and interact with. In addition they also had to report their expectations about how the imagined other would solve the task. We hypothesized that even though BPD patients will act in a prosocial way, they will expect selfish behavior from the other. We used the Slider Measure of social value orientation (SVO) and also created a modified version of the measure to examine the discrepancy between the subjects’ own SVO and their expectations from other people. We compared the results of thirty clinically diagnosed BPD patients to a matched sample of healthy participants. Our results show that the BPD group’s selfishness expectations significantly outweigh the expectations of selfishness in the HC group (U = 269, p = 0.007). This result further supports the mistrust and negativity bias observed in various aspects of social interactions in BPD.

scholarly journals Interpersonal and Emotional Experiences of Social Interactions in Borderline Personality Disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 197 (7) ◽  
pp. 484-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie D. Stepp ◽  
Paul A. Pilkonis ◽  
Kirsten E. Yaggi ◽  
Jennifer Q. Morse ◽  
Ulrike Feske
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Emotional Experiences

Influence of emotional distraction on working memory performance in borderline personality disorder

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 2181-2192 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Krause-Utz ◽  
N. Y. L. Oei ◽  
I. Niedtfeld ◽  
M. Bohus ◽  
P. Spinhoven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Dissociative States ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Emotional Distraction

BackgroundEmotion dysregulation, characterized by heightened emotional arousal and increased emotional sensitivity, is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Although current theories emphasize the disruptive potential of negative emotions on cognitive functioning in BPD, behavioral and neurobiological data on this relationship are still lacking.MethodUsing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), neural activity was investigated in 22 unmedicated BPD patients and 22 healthy participants (matched for age, education and intelligence) performing an adapted Sternberg working memory task, while being distracted by emotional (negatively arousing) and neutral pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS).ResultsEmotional distraction was associated with significantly higher activation in the amygdala and decreased activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), extending findings of previous studies in healthy individuals. Patients with BPD showed significantly longer reaction times (RTs) along with significantly higher activation in the amygdala and insula during emotional distraction compared to healthy participants, suggesting that they were more distracted by emotional pictures during the working memory task. Moreover, in the group of BPD patients, a significant negative correlation was found between activation in limbic brain regions and self-reports of current dissociative states.ConclusionsOur findings suggest hyper-responsiveness to emotionally distracting pictures in BPD patients that negatively affects working memory performance. This stresses the importance of emotion dysregulation in the context of cognitive functioning. Moreover, our findings suggest that dissociative states have a dampening effect on neural reactivity during emotional challenge in BPD.

Borderline personality disorder, but not euthymic bipolar disorder, is associated with a failure to sustain reciprocal cooperative behaviour: implications for spectrum models of mood disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1591-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. A. Saunders ◽  
G. M. Goodwin ◽  
R. D. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Psychometric Measures ◽  
State Affect ◽  
Social Difficulties ◽  
Axis I

BackgroundBorderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar disorder (BD) have overlapping clinical presentations and symptoms – sources of persistent clinical confusion. Game-theory can characterize how social function might be sub-optimal in the two disorders and move the field beyond the anecdotal description of clinical history. Here, we tested the hypothesis that BPD and BD can be distinguished on the basis of diminished reciprocal altruism in iterated Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) games.MethodTwenty females with BPD, 20 females with euthymic BD and 20 healthy (non-clinical) females, matched for age and cognitive ability, were assessed for Axis-I and personality disorders, and completed psychometric measures of state affect, impulsivity and hostility. Participants completed two iterated PD games and a test of gaze-cueing.ResultsIn the PD games, BPD participants failed to show statistically stable preferences to cooperate with social partners (playing tit-for-tat) and made significantly fewer cooperative responses compared to BD or controls (ANOVA main effect p = 0.03, post-hoc Tukey p < 0.05 for both comparisons). BPD participants were also less likely to sustain cooperation following experiences involving mutual cooperation than the other groups. Neither BPD nor BD participants demonstrated impairments in shifting visual attention on the basis of other peoples’ gaze.ConclusionsThese data indicate that BPD is (selectively) associated with difficulties in establishing, and then maintaining, reciprocal cooperation, involving altruism. These difficulties are not seen in euthymic BD. Our data support the differentiation of BPD from BD and offer fresh insights into the social difficulties experienced by individuals with diagnoses of BPD.

Emotion, Social Function, and Psychopathology

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dacher Keltner ◽  
Ann M. Kring
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
The Social

The studies of emotion function and emotional disorders complement one another. In this article, the authors outline relations between the social functions of emotion and four psychological disorders. The authors first present a social-functional account of emotion and argue that emotions help coordinate social interactions through their informative, evocative, and incentive functions. They then review evidence concerning the emotional and social problems related to depression, schizophrenia, social anxiety, and borderline personality disorder and consider how the emotional disturbances related to these disorders disrupt interactions and relationships, thus contributing further to the maintenance of the disorder. They conclude by discussing research strategies relevant to the study of emotion, social interaction, and psychopathology.

Emotion-Oriented Coping Style Predicts Self-Harm in Response to Acute Psychiatric Hospitalization

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jacqueline M. Frei ◽  
Vladimir Sazhin ◽  
Melissa Fick ◽  
Keong Yap
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract. Psychiatric hospitalization can cause significant distress for patients. Research has shown that to cope with the stress, patients sometimes resort to self-harm. Given the paucity of research on self-harm among psychiatric inpatients, a better understanding of transdiagnostic processes as predictors of self-harm during psychiatric hospitalization is needed. The current study examined whether coping styles predicted self-harm after controlling for commonly associated factors, such as age, gender, and borderline personality disorder. Participants were 72 patients (mean age = 39.32 years, SD = 12.29, 64% male) admitted for inpatient treatment at a public psychiatric hospital in Sydney, Australia. Participants completed self-report measures of coping styles and ward-specific coping behaviors, including self-harm, in relation to coping with the stress of acute hospitalization. Results showed that younger age, diagnosis of borderline personality disorder, and higher emotion-oriented coping were associated with self-harm. After controlling for age and borderline personality disorder, higher levels of emotion-oriented coping were found to be a significant predictor of self-harm. Findings were partially consistent with hypotheses; emotion-oriented but not avoidance-oriented coping significantly predicted self-harm. This finding may help to identify and provide psychiatric inpatients who are at risk of self-harm with appropriate therapeutic interventions.

Comparison of Three Questionnaires to Screen for Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne van Alebeek ◽  
Paul T. van der Heijden ◽  
Christel Hessels ◽  
Melissa S.Y. Thong ◽  
Marcel van Aken
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Patient Questionnaire ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv

Abstract. One of the most common personality disorders among adolescents and young adults is the Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). The objective of current study was to assess three questionnaires that can reliably screen for BPD in adolescents and young adults (N = 53): the McLean Screening Instrument for BPD (MSI-BPD; Zanarini et al., 2003 ), the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire 4th edition – BPD scale (PDQ-4 BPD; Hyler, 1994 ), and the SCID-II Patient Questionnaire – BPD scale (SCID-II-PQ BPD). The nine criteria of BPD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV; APA, 1994 ) were measured with the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II disorders – BPD scale (SCID-II; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, Williams, & Benjamin, 1995 ). Correlations between the questionnaires and the SCID-II were calculated. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaires were tested. All instruments predicted the BPD diagnosis equally well.

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