scholarly journals The Relationships Among Structural Social Support, Functional Social Support, and Loneliness in Older Adults: Analysis of Regional Differences Based on a Multigroup Structural Equation Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Li ◽  
Cong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Functional Social Support ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: This study investigated the relationship between structural social support and loneliness and explored whether functional social support had an intermediate role therein. It also employed a multigroup structural equation model to compare mediation models among older adults living in cities, towns, and rural areas.Methods: Using a self-made demographics questionnaire, the structural-functional social support scale, and the 3-item UCLA loneliness scale, this study collected information from 1,325 older adults identified via convenient sampling.Results: The results showed that as: (1) compared with older adults living in towns, older urban, and rural adults had higher structural social support and experienced less loneliness, while older adults’ functional social support showed no difference among the three regions (2) An analysis of the models of regional differences indicated that functional social support served as a full mediator in the relationship between structural social support and loneliness in urban older adults, and a partial mediator for older adults living in towns and rural areas.Conclusion: The relationship between structural social support and loneliness is mediated by functional social support, and this mediation model varies between older adults in cities and towns/rural areas. This study helps us understand possible mechanisms through which structural social support impacts loneliness. It suggests that nursing strategies for older adults should be adjusted according to the region and direct greater focus on the function (or quality) of the social support network and older adults living in towns.

scholarly journals Stress, Social Support, and Resilience in Younger Rural Women: A Structural Equation Model

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 812
Author(s):  
Laurie Abbott ◽  
Lucinda J. Graven ◽  
Glenna Schluck ◽  
Krystal J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
The Relationship

Cardiovascular disease is a global public health problem and leading cause of death. Stress is a modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factor. The objectives of this study were to examine whether stress was a predictor of resilience among rural younger women and to explore whether social support mediated the relationship between acute stress and resilience and between chronic stress and resilience. The study had a cross-sectional, descriptive design. A total of 354 women were randomly recruited in the rural, southeastern United States. Survey instruments were used to collect data about acute stress, chronic stress, social support, and resilience. A structural equation model was fit to test whether social support mediated the relationship between perceived stress and resilience and between chronic stress and resilience. Chronic stress predicted family and belongingness support and all the resilience subscales: adaptability, emotion regulation, optimism, self-efficacy, and social support. Acute stress predicted the self-efficacy subscale of resilience. Family support partially mediated the relationship between chronic stress and self-efficacy. Belongingness support partially mediated the relationships between chronic stress and the social support subscale of resilience.

scholarly journals Structural equation model of affecting factors on elder abuse to patients under hemodialysis by family caregivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaneh Mahmoudian ◽  
Abbas Shamsalinia ◽  
Atefeh Alipour ◽  
Zahra Fotoukian ◽  
Fatemeh Ghaffari
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Care Burden ◽  
Beta Coefficient ◽  
Fit Index

Abstract Background The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of older adults with hemodialysis (HD) abuse by family caregivers and the factors affecting it. Method This is a correlational-causal study, which is conducted in 2018 in Iran. The sample size was 367 in both groups (the older adults and their family caregivers). Data collection was done using an individual-social information questionnaire for the older adults under hemodialysis and their family caregivers, the questionnaire of elder abuse by family caregivers to the older people under hemodialysis, Zarit Burden Interview and the scale of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Data were analyzed by the structural equation model (SEM) method. The Fitness of proposed pattern was measured using the following indexes: chi-square/degree of freedom ratio (CMIN/DF), Normed Fit Index (NFI), comparative fit index (CFI), goodness of fit index (GFI), and standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR). The significant level in this study was considered p < 0.05. Results The results of the present study showed that more than 70 % of the older adults suffer from elder abuse by family caregivers on average. The highest median elder abuse was related to emotional misbehavior (21.46 ± 6.09) and financial misbehavior (19.07 ± 5.33), respectively. Moderate care burden was experienced by 63.2 % of caregivers. The percentage of older women and men, who needed help with daily activities was 81.4 and 80.5 %, respectively. The results showed that the caregivers’ level of education and care burden with standard beta coefficient of -0.251 and 0.200 and the educational level of older adults and IADL with the best beta coefficient of -0.299 and − 0.234, had the highest regression effect on elder abuse respectively. According to the results, the model-fit indices of the hypothesized model was meet the criteria, with the NFI = 0.951, GFI = 0.970, CFI = 0.967, and SRMR = 0.041. The outcome was suitable for the recommended level, so the hypothetical model appeared to fit the data. Conclusions The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of elder abuse by family caregivers among the older adults under hemodialysis is high. Providing psychological counseling can reduce the consequences of elder abuse.

Effects of Emotional Intelligence and Selfleadership on Students' Coping with Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 853-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yefei Wang ◽  
Guangrong Xie ◽  
Xilong Cui
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Active Coping ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship

We examined the impacts of emotional intelligence and self-leadership on coping with stress, and assessing the mediating roles that positive affect and self-efficacy play in this process. Participants were 575 students at 2 Chinese universities, who completed measures of coping with stress, self-leadership, emotional intelligence, self-efficacy, and positive affect. The structural equation model analysis results indicated that self-efficacy fully mediated the relationship between emotional intelligence and active coping, as we had predicted. Further, self-leadership had a direct effect on active coping. However, positive affect and self-efficacy did not mediate the relationship between self-leadership and coping with stress. Implications are discussed in terms of theoretical contributions and interventions for coping with stress.

scholarly journals Love Hurts: The Influence of Social Relations on Exercise Self-Efficacy for Older Adults with Osteoarthritis

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Cotter ◽  
Aurora M. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Strain

Exercise self-efficacy is a powerful predictor of physical activity behavior, which enhances health and well-being for older adults. Social relations have been proposed as influential precursors for exercise self-efficacy. In a longitudinal study of 160 older adults with osteoarthritis (76.9% women), the authors found that social support (but not social strain) significantly predicted exercise self-efficacy in a structural equation model examining cross-sectional data: χ2(178, N = 160) = 264.57, p < .01; RMSEA = .06; CFI = .92; TLI = .90. When data were examined longitudinally, however, social strain (but not social support) significantly predicted lower exercise self-efficacy 1 year later: χ2(233, N = 160) = 288.64, p < .01; RMSEA = .04; CFI = .96; TLI = .95. Results support the negativity effect, suggesting that social strain might be the more potent aspect of social relations and should be the target of interventions.

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