scholarly journals Cortical Correlates of Impulsive Aggressive Behavior in Pediatric Bipolar Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Simonetti ◽  
Sherin Kurian ◽  
Johanna Saxena ◽  
Christopher D. Verrico ◽  
Antonio Restaino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽  
Frontoparietal Network ◽  
Impulsive Aggression ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Impulsive aggression represents a frequent characteristic of pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD). Cortical alterations associated with impulsive aggression and its multiple facets have not been investigated yet in youth with bipolar disorder.Aim: To investigate the relationship between cortical thickness and facets of impulsive aggression in youth with PBD.Materials and Methods: Twenty-three youth with PBD and 23 healthy controls (HC) were administered the aggression questionnaire (AQ) and underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging scan. Cortical thickness was assessed with FreeSurfer. Canonical correlation analyses were used to investigate the relationship between AQ total and subscale scores and cortical thickness in youth with PBD.Results: Youth with PBD had increased scores in the subscales of AQ-anger and AQ-hostility and cortical thinning in in areas belonging to the affective network (AN), frontoparietal network (FPN) and cingulo-opercular network (CON), i.e., right rostral anterior cingulate, right caudal anterior cingulate, right lateral orbitofrontal, right medial orbitofrontal, left and right inferior parietal, left posterior cingulate, left and right supramarginal left lingual cortices. Greater thickness in these networks positively correlated with the AQ-hostility subscale and negatively correlated with AQ-anger subscale.Conclusions: The opposite patterns observed between areas belonging to AN, FPN, CON, and the two facets of IA, namely anger and hostility, corroborate clinical findings supporting the different nature of these two constructs.

Cognitive correlates of impulsive aggression in youth with pediatric bipolar disorder and bipolar offspring.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Simonetti ◽  
Sherin Kurian ◽  
Johanna Saxena ◽  
Christopher D. Verrico ◽  
Jair C. Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Correlates ◽  
Impulsive Aggression

Brain Cortical Thickness and Surface Area Correlates of Neurocognitive Performance in Patients with Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Healthy Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1080-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.B. Hartberg ◽  
K. Sundet ◽  
L.M. Rimol ◽  
U.K. Haukvik ◽  
E.H. Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Neurocognitive Functioning ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Mri Scans

AbstractRelationships between cortical brain structure and neurocognitive functioning have been reported in schizophrenia, but findings are inconclusive, and only a few studies in bipolar disorder have addressed this issue. This is the first study to directly compare relationships between cortical thickness and surface area with neurocognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia (n = 117) and bipolar disorder (n = 121) and healthy controls (n = 192). MRI scans were obtained, and regional cortical thickness and surface area measurements were analyzed for relationships with test scores from 6 neurocognitive domains. In the combined sample, cortical thickness in the right rostral anterior cingulate was inversely related to working memory, and cortical surface area in four frontal and temporal regions were positively related to neurocognitive functioning. A positive relationship between left transverse temporal thickness and processing speed was specific to schizophrenia. A negative relationship between right temporal pole thickness and working memory was specific to bipolar disorder. In conclusion, significant cortical structure/function relationships were found in a large sample of healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. The differences that were found between schizophrenia and bipolar may indicate differential relationship patterns in the two disorders, which may be of relevance for understanding the underlying pathophysiology. (JINS, 2011, 17, 1080–1093)

scholarly journals Shared And Specific Patterns Of Structural And Functional Thalamo-Frontal Disturbances In Manic And Euthymic Pediatric Bipolar Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Bing Guo ◽  
Wei-Jia Gao ◽  
Zhi-Liang Long ◽  
Wei-Fang Cao ◽  
Dong Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Treatment Target ◽  
Clinical Indices ◽  
Left Thalamus

Abstract Bipolar disorder (BD) is clinically defined by alternating depressive and manic episodes with a separated period of euthymia. Thalamo-frontal loop plays vital role in psychotic symptoms, altered motor control and executive difficulties in BD. It remains unclear that structural and functional alteration of thalamo-frontal loop among the different mood states in BD, especially in pediatric BD(PBD).Twenty manic PBD(mPBD), 20 euthymic PBD(ePBD) and 19 healthy controls were included in the study. By analyzing the T1 images and fMRI signals, thalamus volume and frontal grey matter cortical thickness were tested, and functional connectivity(FC) between bilateral thalamus and frontal cortex was calculated. Relationship between clinical indices and thalamo-frontal FC was also evaluated in mPBD and ePBD adolescents.Compared to HCs, the cortical thickness of left MFG, bilateral superior frontal gyrus(SFG) was significantly decreased in both mPBD and ePBD patients, and volume of left thalamus and cortical thickness of right middle frontal gyrus(MFG) significantly decreased in mPBD patients. It was shown that thalamo-frontal hyperconnectivity with MFG in mPBD compared to HCs and ePBD subjects, and thalamo-frontal hypoconnectivity with precentral gyrus/SFG in ePBD subjects compared with that of HCs. In ePBD patients, episode times positively correlated with FC values between thalamus and precentral gyrusThe findings of the present study demonstrate detailed knowledge regarding shared and specific structural and functional disruption in thalamo-frontal loop in mPBD and ePBD subjects. Thalamo-frontal abnormalities reported in adult BD subjects were also observed in adolescent BD patients, and thalamo-frontal dysfunction may be a crucial treatment target in BD.

scholarly journals Shared and specific patterns of structural and functional thalamo-frontal disturbances in manic and euthymic pediatric bipolar disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 2671-2680
Author(s):  
Yi-Bing Guo ◽  
Wei-Jia Gao ◽  
Zhi-Liang Long ◽  
Wei-Fang Cao ◽  
Dong Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Treatment Target ◽  
Clinical Indices ◽  
Left Thalamus

AbstractBipolar disorder (BD) is clinically defined by alternating depressive and manic episodes with a separated period of euthymia. Thalamo-frontal loop plays vital role in psychotic symptoms, altered motor control and executive difficulties in BD. It remains unclear that structural and functional alterations of thalamo-frontal loop among the different mood states in BD, especially in pediatric BD(PBD).Twenty manic PBD (mPBD), 20 euthymic PBD (ePBD) and 19 healthy controls (HCs) were included in the study. By analyzing the T1 images and fMRI signals, thalamus volume and frontal grey matter cortical thickness were tested, and functional connectivity (FC) between bilateral thalamus and frontal cortex was calculated. Relationship between clinical indices and thalamo-frontal FC was also evaluated in mPBD and ePBD adolescents.Compared to HCs, the cortical thickness of left middle frontal gyrus (MFG), bilateral superior frontal gyrus (SFG) was significantly decreased in both mPBD and ePBD patients, and volume of left thalamus and cortical thickness of right MFG significantly decreased in mPBD patients. Compared to that of the HCs and ePBD subjects, thalamo-frontal hyperconnectivity with MFG was found in mPBD, and compared with that of HCs, thalamo-frontal hypoconnectivity with precentral gyrus/SFG was found in ePBD. In ePBD patients, episode times positively correlated with FC values between thalamus and precentral gyrus.The findings of the present study demonstrate detailed knowledge regarding shared and specific structural and functional disruption in thalamo-frontal loop in mPBD and ePBD subjects. Thalamo-frontal abnormalities reported in adult BD subjects were also observed in adolescent BD patients, and thalamo-frontal dysfunction may be a crucial treatment target in BD.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Cortical Thickness Changes in Bipolar Disorder and the Relationship to Genetic Risk, Mania, and Lithium Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Abé ◽  
Benny Liberg ◽  
Jie Song ◽  
Sarah E. Bergen ◽  
Predrag Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Alterations of Cognition and Cerebral Ventricle Volume in Manic and Euthymic Pediatric Bipolar Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangfeng Kuang ◽  
Dong Cui ◽  
Qing Jiao ◽  
Yongxin Guo ◽  
Weifang Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Ventricular Volumes ◽  
Clinical Indices ◽  
Ventricle Volume ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: It remains unknown whether volumetric alterations of ventricles are similar or not in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) among different mood states. The present study aims to estimate ventricular volumetric alteration of PBD patients in manic and euthymic status, as well as the relationship between this alteration and cognitive changes.Methods: T1 magnetic resonance images were obtained from 20 manic PBD patients, 21 euthymic PBD patients, and 19 healthy controls (HCs). Ventricular volumes were automatically obtained via FreeSurfer 6.0 software. Ventricular volumes and cognitive indices were compared among the three groups, and the relationship between ventricular volumes and cognitive/clinical indices was analyzed.Results: In contrast to HCs, manic and euthymic PBD patients exhibited decreased cognitive scores of the Stroop color-word test and the digit span subtest. Manic PBD subjects presented enlarged volumes in the bilateral ventricles, third ventricle, and whole ventricles, and euthymic PBD participants displayed increased volumes in the third ventricle, fourth ventricle, and whole ventricles. No significant differences in cognitive performance and ventricular volumes were found between PBD groups. No significant correlation was discovered between ventricular volumes and cognitive/clinical indices in both manic and euthymic PBD patients.Conclusions: No significant differences in cognitive performance and ventricle volume were observed between euthymic and manic PBD groups, which may imply that the alterations are not specific to mood state. It may indicate structural and functional damage of corresponding brain circuits in euthymic PBD patients similar with that of manic PBD, which may provide clues to the diagnosis and treatment of euthymic PBD.

Anterior cingulate volume in pediatric bipolar disorder and autism

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sufen Chiu ◽  
Felicia Widjaja ◽  
Marsha E. Bates ◽  
Gerald T. Voelbel ◽  
Gahan Pandina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder

P01-216-Frontopolar cortical inefficiency underpins both “hot” and “cold” cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 217-217
Author(s):  
J. Jogia ◽  
D. Dima ◽  
V. Kumari ◽  
S. Frangou
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionEmotional dysregulation in Bipolar Disorder (BD) is thought to be linked with prefrontal cortex (PFC) dysfunction associated with cognitive control coupled with increased or aberrant activation within regions associated with emotional processing.ObjectivesTo determine the common and distinct patterns of functional brain abnormalities during affective and emotionally neutral cognitive processing in BD.AimsCurrent models of BD emphasise the relationship between mood dysregulation and fronto-limbic dysfunction during affective or “hot” processing. However, they do not account for deficits in emotionally neutral or “cold” tasks of memory and executive function which are also present in BD. Therefore the purpose of this study was to examine the neural correlates of affective decision making and working memory in BD.MethodsParticipants were 36 euthymic BD patients and 37 healthy controls matched for age, gender and IQ. FMRI was conducted during the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the n-back working memory task as respective exemplars of “hot” and “cold” processing.ResultsThere were no group differences in performance on either task. BD patients demonstrated a pattern of inefficient engagement within the ventral frontopolar PFC in both the IGT and n-back. These abnormalities showed task-related segregation along the medial-lateral dimension for “hot” and “cold” processing respectively. Patients also showed greater activation in the anterior cingulate cortex during the IGT and in the insula during the n-back. These regions are thought to respond to markers of autonomic arousal.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate ventral frontopolar PFC inefficiency as a shared abnormality underpinning both “hot” and “cold” processing deficits in BD.

Accelerated cortical thinning and volume reduction over time in young people at high genetic risk for bipolar disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
G. Roberts ◽  
R. Lenroot ◽  
B. Overs ◽  
J. Fullerton ◽  
V. Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Volume Reduction ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Frontal Pole ◽  
Cortical Thinning

Abstract Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is a familial psychiatric disorder associated with frontotemporal and subcortical brain abnormalities. It is unclear whether such abnormalities are present in relatives without BD, and little is known about structural brain trajectories in those at risk. Method Neuroimaging was conducted at baseline and at 2-year follow-up interval in 90 high-risk individuals with a first-degree BD relative (HR), and 56 participants with no family history of mental illness who could have non-BD diagnoses. All 146 subjects were aged 12–30 years at baseline. We examined longitudinal change in gray and white matter volume, cortical thickness, and surface area in the frontotemporal cortex and subcortical regions. Results Compared to controls, HR participants showed accelerated cortical thinning and volume reduction in right lateralised frontal regions, including the inferior frontal gyrus, lateral orbitofrontal cortex, frontal pole and rostral middle frontal gyrus. Independent of time, the HR group had greater cortical thickness in the left caudal anterior cingulate cortex, larger volume in the right medial orbitofrontal cortex and greater area of right accumbens, compared to controls. This pattern was evident even in those without the new onset of psychopathology during the inter-scan interval. Conclusions This study suggests that differences previously observed in BD are developing prior to the onset of the disorder. The pattern of pathological acceleration of cortical thinning is likely consistent with a disturbance of molecular mechanisms responsible for normal cortical thinning. We also demonstrate that neuroanatomical differences in HR individuals may be progressive in some regions and stable in others.

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