scholarly journals Diagnostic Stability of Primary Psychotic Disorders in a Research Sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea J. Wood ◽  
Amber R. Carroll ◽  
Ann K. Shinn ◽  
Dost Ongur ◽  
Kathryn E. Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
Schizophreniform Disorder ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Diagnostic Stability ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified

Psychiatric diagnosis is often treated as a stable construct both clinically and in research; however, some evidence suggests that diagnostic change may be common, which may impact research validity and clinical care. In the present study we examined diagnostic stability in individuals with psychosis over time. Participants with a diagnosis of any psychotic disorder (n = 142) were assessed at two timepoints using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. We found a 25.4% diagnostic change rate across the total sample. People with an initial diagnosis of psychosis not otherwise specified and schizophreniform disorder had the highest rates of change, followed by those with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder; people with bipolar disorder had the lowest change rate. Most participants with an unstable initial diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, bipolar disorder, or psychosis not otherwise specified converted to a final diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder. Participants with an unstable initial diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder most frequently converted to a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Our findings suggest that diagnostic change is relatively common, occurring in approximately a quarter of patients. People with an initial diagnosis of schizophrenia-spectrum disorder were more likely to have a diagnostic change, suggesting a natural stability of some diagnoses more so than others.

DSM-III criteria for affective disorders and schizophrenia : A preliminary appraisal using family interview findings

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
H.G. Pope ◽  
B.M. Cohen ◽  
J.F. Lipinski ◽  
D. Yurgelun-Todd
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Family Interview ◽  
Small Test ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Interview Studies

SummaryWe performed a blind family interview study of 226 first-degree relatives of 63 probands meeting DSM-III criteria for schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder, as diagnosed by the National Institute ot Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). A small test-retest reliability study demonstrated good agreement between the proband interviewer and the principal family interviewer for the major diagnostic categories of psychotic disorders. Excellent compliance was obtained, with 85% of living relatives interviewed personally.Three principal findings emerged front the study. First, as expected, bipolar disorder, as defined by DSM-III, displayed a strong familial comportent, comparable to that found by many studies using criteria other than those of DSM-III. Second, patients meeting DSM-III criteria for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder displayed a low familial prevalence of schizophrenia. Although initially suprising, this finding is in agreement with the results of several other recent lantily studies of schizophrenia. Upon comparing our results with those of other recent family studies of schizophrenia, it appears that the familial component in schizophrenia tnay be less than was estimated by earlier studies using older and “broader” definitions of schizophrenia.Third, we found that patients meeting DSM-III criteria for schizophrenia appeared genetically heterogeneous. Those who had displayed a superimposed full affective syndrome at some tinte in the course of their illness, together with those probands meeting DSM-III criteria for schizoaffective disorder, displayed a high familial prevalence of major affective disorder, similar to that found in the families of the bipolar probands. On the other hand, “pure” DSM-III schizophrenie probands, who had never experienced a superimposed full affective syndrome, displayed a low familial prevalence of major affective disorder, similar to that found in the general population. These findings favor the possibility that probands meeting DSM-III criteria for schizophrenia, but displaying a superimposed full affective syndrome, may in sonie cases have a disorder genetically relatcd to major affective disorder.Further prospective family interview studies, using DSM-III criteria and larger samples, will be necessary to test these preliminary impressions.

Overview of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Wilcox ◽  
Donald W. Black
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Schizophreniform Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Brief Psychotic Disorder ◽  
The Individual

Psychotic disorders are among the most disabling conditions and constitute a major public health problem. Described throughout recorded time, they affect as many as 5% of the population and cause a disproportionate amount of suffering and loss to society. In the chapter on schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, the DSM-5 lists delusional disorder, brief psychotic disorder, schizophreniform disorder, schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder, as well as categories for substance- or medically induced psychotic disorders. The term psychosis indicates that the individual has a severe inability to interpret the surrounding environment in a realistic way. Symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, and bizarre behavior. Psychotic disorders are associated with premature death, mostly attributable to suicide. The pathophysiology and etiology of psychotic disorders are only now beginning to be understood, and treatment for these conditions remains suboptimal. Researchers are currently refining the cause of these symptoms and developing more effective treatments.   This review contains 3 tables, and 34 references. Key words: Brief psychotic disorder, delusions, hallucinations, psychosis, schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder

The concordance of ICD-10 acute and transient psychosis and DSM-IV brief psychotic disorder

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. PILLMANN ◽  
A. HARING ◽  
S. BALZUWEIT ◽  
R. BLÖINK ◽  
A. MARNEROS
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Schizophreniform Disorder ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Brief Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

Background. ICD-10 acute and transient psychotic disorder (ATPD; F23) and DSM-IV brief psychotic disorder (BPD; 298.8) are related diagnostic concepts, but little is known regarding the concordance of the two definitions.Method. During a 5-year period all in-patients with ATPD were identified; DSM-IV diagnoses were also determined. We systematically evaluated demographic and clinical features and carried out follow-up investigations at an average of 2·2 years after the index episode using standardized instruments.Results. Forty-two (4·1%) of 1036 patients treated for psychotic disorders or major affective episode fulfilled the ICD-10 criteria of ATPD. Of these, 61·9% also fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria of brief psychotic disorder; 31·0%, of schizophreniform disorder; 2·4%, of delusional disorder; and 4·8%, of psychotic disorder not otherwise specified. BPD showed significant concordance with the polymorphic subtype of ATPD, and DSM-IV schizophreniform disorder showed significant concordance with the schizophreniform subtype of ATPD. BPD patients had a significantly shorter duration of episode and more acute onset compared with those ATPD patients who did not meet the criteria of BPD (non-BPD). However, the BPD group and the non-BPD group of ATPD were remarkably similar in terms of sociodemography (especially female preponderance), course and outcome, which was rather favourable for both groups.Conclusions. DSM-IV BPD is a psychotic disorder with broad concordance with ATPD as defined by ICD-10. However, the DSM-IV time criteria for BPD may be too narrow. The group of acute psychotic disorders with good prognosis extends beyond the borders of BPD and includes a subgroup of DSM-IV schizophreniform disorder.

scholarly journals A three-month longitudinal study for diagnostic stability of acute and transient psychotic disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 2-6
Author(s):  
Devavrat Joshi ◽  
Ananta Prasad Adhikari ◽  
Praveen Bhattarai ◽  
Pawan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Diagnostic Stability ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background: The diagnostic category of “acute and transient psychotic disorders” (ATPD) comprises of psychotic disorders with features of acute onset (within 2 weeks), presence of typical syndromes that are either polymorphic or schizophrenic or persistently delusional, evidence for associated acute stress and complete recovery in most cases within 2–3 months. Studies of diagnostic stability among patients with the initial diagnosis of ATPD at their first admission have reported modest stabilities spanning over different periods of time, with higher levels of stability reported in samples from the developing countries. This study aimed at investigating the diagnostic stability of cases of ATPD at the Mental Hospital, Lagankhel over a period of 3 months from the first diagnosis. Methods: ASeventy-five drug naïve patients with the initial diagnosis of first episode ATPD admitted at the in-patient unit of Mental Hospital, Lagankhel were followed up longitudinally and their diagnosis was assessed independently by two consultant psychiatrists over a period of 3 months. Results: Average age of the sample was 30.71 years. 66.7% of the cases retained their index diagnosis of ATPD at 3 months, while the remaining required diagnostic revision. A higher number of patients had their diagnosis revised to Affective Disorders including Mania and Severe depression with psychotic features (13.88%) when compared to Schizophrenia (6.94%). Conclusion: ATPD is a relatively stable diagnostic category in the Nepalese Scenario as well with more than two third of the patients retaining the initial diagnosis at 3 months.

Overview of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Wilcox ◽  
Donald W. Black
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Schizophreniform Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Brief Psychotic Disorder ◽  
The Individual

Psychotic disorders are among the most disabling conditions and constitute a major public health problem. Described throughout recorded time, they affect as many as 5% of the population and cause a disproportionate amount of suffering and loss to society. In the chapter on schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, the DSM-5 lists delusional disorder, brief psychotic disorder, schizophreniform disorder, schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder, as well as categories for substance- or medically induced psychotic disorders. The term psychosis indicates that the individual has a severe inability to interpret the surrounding environment in a realistic way. Symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, and bizarre behavior. Psychotic disorders are associated with premature death, mostly attributable to suicide. The pathophysiology and etiology of psychotic disorders are only now beginning to be understood, and treatment for these conditions remains suboptimal. Researchers are currently refining the cause of these symptoms and developing more effective treatments.   This review contains 3 tables, and 34 references. Key words: Brief psychotic disorder, delusions, hallucinations, psychosis, schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder

Differences in antipsychotic combination (monotherapy versus polytherapy) between patients with schizophrenia and patients with other psychoses

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 559-559
Author(s):  
N. Morales ◽  
M.C. Diaz ◽  
J. Ruiz ◽  
M. Portela ◽  
M.D. Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Schizophreniform Disorder ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Inpatient Ward ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Brief Psychotic Disorder ◽  
And Gender

IntroductionAntipsychotic therapy is the cornerstone of the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychoses. Although clinical guidelines tend to recommend the use of antipsychotics in monotherapy, combination of two or more antipsychotics (that is, polytherapy) is a common habit in clinical practice.ObjectivesTo assess differences in antipsychotic combination profile between patients with schizophrenia and patients with other psychoses.MethodsA total of 241 patients (40.2% females, mean age 39.7+/−13.0 years) consecutively admitted during 2009 to a psychiatric inpatient ward with diagnosis of schizophrenia and other psychoses were assessed.Results145 (60.2%) patients were diagnosed with schizophrenia while 96 patients (39.8%) were diagnosed with other psychoses (schizoaffective disorder n = 35, delusional disorder n = 8, schizophreniform disorder n = 8, brief psychotic disorder n = 13, psychotic disorder not otherwise specified n = 27, and other psychoses n = 5). Out of the total sample, polytherapy was used in 150 (62.2%) patients. A total of 100 (69.0%) patients with schizophrenia were on polytherapy, compared to 52.1% of those with other psychoses (p = 0.008). After controlling for age and gender, the association between a diagnosis of schizophrenia and being in polytherapy remained significant (p = 0.046).ConclusionsPatients diagnosed with schizophrenia are more prone to be in polytherapy than those with other psychoses.

Antipsychotic polytherapy versus antipsychotic monotherapy in patients with schizophrenia and other psychoses

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1265-1265
Author(s):  
N. Morales Alcaide
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Schizophreniform Disorder ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Brief Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Mean

IntroductionAntipsychotic therapy is the cornerstone of the treatment of psychotic disorders. Although clinical guidelines recommend the use of antipsychotics in monotherapy, the combination of two or more antipsychotics is a common habit in clinical practice, especially in cases resistant to treatment with one antipsychotic, although there are few controlled trials that support this treatment modality.ObjectivesTo analyze the characteristics of antipsychotic therapy in patients admitted to hospitalization with diagnoses of schizophrenia and other psychoses, to determine if there are differences between diagnostic groups.MaterialWe analyzed a sample of 241 patients admitted during 2009, 97 women and 144 men, with schizophrenia and other psychoses.MethodsWe designed a protocol of collecting data based on clinical histories of patients, reflecting the gender, age, diagnosis and treatment regimen (monotherapy or combination therapy), and performed a statistical analysis using SPSS.ResultsOf the sample, 40.2% were females and 59.8% were males. The mean age was 39.7 years old.The diagnosis of schizophrenia was obtained in 60.2% of patients, while the remaining 39.8% were diagnosed with other psychoses (schizoaffective disorder, chronic delusional disorder, schizophreniform disorder, brief psychotic disorder, psychotic disorder not otherwise specified and other.)The combination therapy was used in 62.2% of patients, while the remaining 37.8% were treated with monotherapy.ConclusionsCombination therapy is used more often in male patients and in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, while monotherapy is used more in women and patients with other psychoses.

Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvinder Singh ◽  
Aarti Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Delusional Disorder ◽  
Schizophreniform Disorder ◽  
General Medical Condition ◽  
Brief Psychotic Disorder

In this chapter topics that are reviewed include schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, brief psychotic disorder, psychotic disorder due to a general medical condition, substance-induced psychotic disorder and unspecified psychotic disorder

Overview of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Wilcox ◽  
Donald W. Black
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Schizophreniform Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Brief Psychotic Disorder ◽  
The Individual

Psychotic disorders are among the most disabling conditions and constitute a major public health problem. Described throughout recorded time, they affect as many as 5% of the population and cause a disproportionate amount of suffering and loss to society. In the chapter on schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, the DSM-5 lists delusional disorder, brief psychotic disorder, schizophreniform disorder, schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder, as well as categories for substance- or medically induced psychotic disorders. The term psychosis indicates that the individual has a severe inability to interpret the surrounding environment in a realistic way. Symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, and bizarre behavior. Psychotic disorders are associated with premature death, mostly attributable to suicide. The pathophysiology and etiology of psychotic disorders are only now beginning to be understood, and treatment for these conditions remains suboptimal. Researchers are currently refining the cause of these symptoms and developing more effective treatments.   This review contains 3 tables, and 34 references. Key words: Brief psychotic disorder, delusions, hallucinations, psychosis, schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder

Overview of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Wilcox ◽  
Donald W. Black
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Schizophreniform Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Brief Psychotic Disorder ◽  
The Individual

Psychotic disorders are among the most disabling conditions and constitute a major public health problem. Described throughout recorded time, they affect as many as 5% of the population and cause a disproportionate amount of suffering and loss to society. In the chapter on schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, the DSM-5 lists delusional disorder, brief psychotic disorder, schizophreniform disorder, schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder, as well as categories for substance- or medically induced psychotic disorders. The term psychosis indicates that the individual has a severe inability to interpret the surrounding environment in a realistic way. Symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, and bizarre behavior. Psychotic disorders are associated with premature death, mostly attributable to suicide. The pathophysiology and etiology of psychotic disorders are only now beginning to be understood, and treatment for these conditions remains suboptimal. Researchers are currently refining the cause of these symptoms and developing more effective treatments.   This review contains 3 tables, and 34 references. Key words: Brief psychotic disorder, delusions, hallucinations, psychosis, schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder

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