Exploring Substance Use and HIV Treatment Factors Associated with Neurocognitive Impairment among People Living with HIV/AIDS

Introduction: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the world. The prevalence of smoking is higher in people infected with HIV than in the general population. Although it is biologically plausible that smoking increases the morbidity and mortality of people living with HIV/AIDS, few studies in developing countries have analyzed the determinants and consequences of smoking in HIV infected people. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of smoking and identify the socioeconomic factors associated with smoking and smoking cessation in patients with HIV by sex. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with baseline data, obtained from an ongoing prospective cohort study of patients with HIV attending two referral centers in Recife, Northeast Region of Brazil, between July 2007 and October 2009. Results: The prevalence of current smoking was 28.9%. For both sexes, smoking was independently associated with heavy alcohol drinking and marijuana use. Among women, smoking was associated with living alone, not being married and illiteracy; and among men, being 40 years or older, low income and using crack. Compared with ex-smokers, current smokers were younger and more likely to be unmarried, heavy drinkers and marijuana users. Conclusions: It is important to incorporate smoking cessation interventions for the treatment of heavy alcohol drinkers and marijuana users with HIV/AIDS, which may increase life expectancy and quality of life, as smoking is related to risk of death, relapse of tuberculosis, and non communicable diseases.

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Characteristics, outcome and factors associated with success of quitting smoking in 77 people living with HIV/AIDS who received smoking cessation therapy in Japan

Japan Journal of Nursing Science ◽

10.1111/jjns.12264 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chie Taniguchi ◽

Chieko Hashiba ◽

Hideo Saka ◽

Hideo Tanaka

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Quitting Smoking ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Smoking Cessation Therapy ◽

Hiv Aids

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Psycho-behavioral factors associated with neurocognitive performance among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Accra, Ghana

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v20i2.6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 587-596

Author(s):

Nana Asiedu ◽

Irene Kretchy ◽

Emmanuel Asampong

Keyword(s):

Operating Characteristic ◽

Neurocognitive Impairment ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Neurocognitive Performance ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Hiv Management ◽

Behavioural Factors ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Selection Of

Background: It is estimated that almost half of all people living with HIV have some form of neurocognitive impairment, but few studies have looked at the risk of neurocognitive impairment and its associated factors in Ghana, due in part to limited resources for such testing. Objective: To examine neurocognitive performance in a group of Ghanaians living with HIV and possible factors that contribute to their performance. Methods: One hundred and four patients were assessed using a selection of brief non-invasive neuropsychological assess- ments as well as the International HIV Dementia Scale. Psycho-behavioural factors (alcohol use, depression, and medication adherence) as well as demographic characteristics and functional daily activities were assessed to determine their association with neurocognitive performance, using linear regression and receiver operating characteristic analyses. Results: About 48% of the participants met the criteria for risk of neurocognitive impairment. Age, education, and symp- toms of depression were found to be significantly associated with the risk of impairment. Conclusion: Some people living with HIV showed risk of neurocognitive impairment, which was significantly associated with education, age and depressive symptoms. It is therefore important to consider routine neurocognitive screening in HIV management to recognize any risks for early interventions. Keywords: ART adherence; depression; neurologic disease.

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Factors Associated with Anemia among People Living with HIV/AIDS Taking ART in Ethiopia

Advances in Hematology ◽

10.1155/2019/9614205 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin ◽

Tadesse Bedada Haye

Keyword(s):

Addis Ababa ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

Background. Globally, anemia, among people living with HIV/AIDS, is a major public health problem. It has a significant effect on the progression of HIV/AIDS to advanced stages and there are a number of factors that often affect anemia. However, there is little insight regarding factors affecting anemia among HIV/AIDS patients in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Objective. This study aimed at investigating factors affecting anemia among people living with HIV/AIDS taking ART drug at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods. A hospital based cross-sectional study design was used to assess factors affecting anemia among people living with HIV/AIDS. Structured checklist was used to gather information from charts of patients selected by simple random sampling method. We analyzed the data to identify factors associated with anemia among people with HIV/AIDS using logistic regression models. Results. A total of 301 selected charts were reviewed. The median age was 38 ± 10.38. The majority (62.5%) of the patients were taking ZDV-containing ART drug (ZDV/3TC/NVP). The overall anemia prevalence was 34.6%, while about 5%, 15.6%, and 14% of the patients had severe, moderate, and mild prevalence of anemia, respectively. Factors that were found to affect anemia among these patients include gender (OR = 2.26 [95% CI: 1.22, 4.16]), occupation (OR: 0.57 [95%CI: 0.35, 0.92]), WBC count (OR = 2.30 [95% CI: 1.29, 4.09]), platelet count (OR = 2.89 [95% CI: 0.99, 8.41]), nutritional status (OR = 2.05 [95% CI: 0.69, 6.02]), and WHO clinical stage of HIV/AIDS (OR = 3.69 [95% CI: 1.86, 7.31]). Conclusions. About one in three patients was found to be anemic. Intervention aimed at diagnosing and treating anemia among people living with HIV/AIDS should be considered.

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