scholarly journals The Aesthetics of Encounter: A Relational-Performative Design Approach to Human-Robot Interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Gemeinboeck
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Social Agency ◽  
Robot Design ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Critical Practice ◽  
Embodied Meaning

This article lays out the framework for relational-performative aesthetics in human-robot interaction, comprising a theoretical lens and design approach for critical practice-based inquiries into embodied meaning-making in human-robot interaction. I explore the centrality of aesthetics as a practice of embodied meaning-making by drawing on my arts-led, performance-based approach to human-robot encounters, as well as other artistic practices. Understanding social agency and meaning as being enacted through the situated dynamics of the interaction, I bring into focus a process ofbodying-thinging;entangling and transforming subjects and objects in the encounter and rendering elastic boundaries in-between. Rather than serving to make the strange look more familiar, aesthetics here is about rendering the differences between humans and robots more relational. My notion of a relational-performative design approach—designing with bodying-thinging—proposes that we engage with human-robot encounters from the earliest stages of the robot design. This is where we begin to manifest boundaries that shape meaning-making and the potential for emergence, transformation, and connections arising from intra-bodily resonances (bodying-thinging). I argue that this relational-performative approach opens up new possibilities for how we design robots and how they socially participate in the encounter.

scholarly journals Moving beyond the mirror: relational and performative meaning making in human–robot communication

AI & Society ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Gemeinboeck ◽  
Rob Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Relational Model ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Relational Dynamics ◽  
Material Agency ◽  
Machine Communication ◽  
Robot Communication

AbstractCurrent research in human–robot interaction often focuses on rendering communication between humans and robots more ‘natural’ by designing machines that appear and behave humanlike. Communication, in this human-centric approach, is often understood as a process of successfully transmitting information in the form of predefined messages and gestures. This article introduces an alternative arts-led, movement-centric approach, which embraces the differences of machinelike robotic artefacts and, instead, investigates how meaning is dynamically enacted in the encounter of humans and machines. Our design approach revolves around a novel embodied mapping methodology, which serves to bridge between human–machine asymmetries and socioculturally situate abstract robotic artefacts. Building on concepts from performativity, material agency, enactive sense-making and kinaesthetic empathy, our Machine Movement Lab project opens up a performative-relational model of human–machine communication, where meaning is generated through relational dynamics in the interaction itself.

scholarly journals A Theory of Social Agency for Human-Robot Interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Blake Jackson ◽  
Tom Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Social Agency ◽  
Politeness Theory ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Social Agent ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
The Face

Motivated by inconsistent, underspecified, or otherwise problematic theories and usages of social agency in the HRI literature, and leveraging philosophical work on moral agency, we present a theory of social agency wherein a social agent (a thing with social agency) is any agent capable of social action at some level of abstraction. Like previous theorists, we conceptualize agency as determined by the criteria of interactivity, autonomy, and adaptability. We use the concept of face from politeness theory to define social action as any action that threatens or affirms the face of a social patient. With these definitions in mind, we specify and examine the levels of abstraction most relevant to HRI research, compare notions of social agency and the surrounding concepts at each, and suggest new conventions for discussing social agency in our field.

What Does A Robot Look Like?: A Multi-Site Examination of User Expectations About Robot Appearance

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1215-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Phillips ◽  
Daniel Ullman ◽  
Maartje M. A. de Graaf ◽  
Bertram F. Malle
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Robot Design ◽  
Application Domain ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Common Features ◽  
User Expectations ◽  
Robot Appearance

Robot design is a critical component of human-robot interaction. A robot’s appearance shapes people’s expectations of that robot, which in turn affect human-robot interaction. This paper reports on an exploratory analysis of 155 drawings of robots that were collected across three studies. The purpose was to gain a better understanding of people’s a priori expectations about the appearance of robots across a variety of robot types (household, military, humanoid, generic, and AI). The findings suggest that people’s visualizations of robots have common features that can be grouped into five broad components. People seem to distinguish between human-like and machine-like robots, with a default visualization of robots having a human-like appearance. In addition, expectations about robot appearance may be dependent on application domain.

scholarly journals A Pattern Approach to Comprehensible and Pleasant Human–Robot Interaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Kathrin Pollmann ◽  
Daniel Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Design Patterns ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Pattern Language ◽  
Robot Design ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Pattern Approach

HRI designers are faced with the task of creating robots that are easy and pleasant to use for the users. The growing body of research in human–robot interaction (HRI) is still mainly focused on technical aspects of the interaction. It lacks defined guidelines that describe how behavioral expressions for social robots need to be designed to promote high usability and positive user experience. To achieve this goal, we propose to apply the concept of design patterns to HRI. We present a design process that provides step-by-step guidance and methods for HRI designers to generate high quality behavioral patterns for social robots that can be used for different robots and use cases. To document the resulting patterns, we developed a documentation format that provides a clear, standardized structure to note down all relevant aspects of a pattern so that others can understand its design recommendations and apply them to their own robot and use cases. In the present paper, we demonstrate our pattern approach based on an example and describe how we arrived at a pattern language of 40 behavioral patterns that found the basis for future social robot design and related research activities.

Let’s Work Together: A Meta-Analysis on Robot Design Features That Enable Successful Human–Robot Interaction at Work

2020 ◽  
pp. 001872082096643
Author(s):  
Sonja K. Ötting ◽  
Lisa Masjutin ◽  
Jochen J. Steil ◽  
Günter W. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Robot Design ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Specific Effects

Objective This meta-analysis reviews robot design features of interface, controller, and appearance and statistically summarizes their effect on successful human–robot interaction (HRI) at work (that is, task performance, cooperation, satisfaction, acceptance, trust, mental workload, and situation awareness). Background Robots are becoming an integral part of many workplaces. As interactions with employees increase, ensuring success becomes ever more vital. Even though many studies investigated robot design features, an overview on general and specific effects is missing. Method Systematic selection of literature and structured coding led to 81 included experimental studies containing 380 effect sizes. Mean effects were calculated using a three-level meta-analysis to handle dependencies of multiple effect sizes in one study. Results Sufficient feedback through the interface, clear visibility of affordances, and adaptability and autonomy of the controller significantly affect successful HRI, whereas appearance does not. The features of the interface and controller affect performance and satisfaction but do not affect situation awareness and trust. Specific effects of adaptability on cooperation and acceptance, as well as autonomy on mental workload, could be shown. Conclusion Robot design at work needs to cover multiple features of interface and controller to achieve successful HRI that covers not only performance and satisfaction, but also cooperation, acceptance, and mental workload. More empirical research is needed to investigate mediating mechanisms and underrepresented design features’ effects. Application Robot designers should carefully choose design features to balance specific effects and implementation costs with regard to tasks, work design aims, and employee needs in the specific work context.

scholarly journals Impact of Anthropomorphic Robot Design on Trust and Attention in Industrial Human-Robot Interaction

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Linda Onnasch ◽  
Clara Laudine Hildebrandt
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Attention Allocation ◽  
Robot Design ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Relevant Task ◽  
The Impact

The application of anthropomorphic features to robots is generally considered beneficial for human-robot interaction (HRI ). Although previous research has mainly focused on social robots, the phenomenon gains increasing attention in industrial human-Robot interaction as well. In this study, the impact of anthropomorphic design of a collaborative industrial robot on the dynamics of trust and visual attention allocation was examined. Participants interacted with a robot, which was either anthropomorphically or non-anthropomorphically designed. Unexpectedly, attribute-based trust measures revealed no beneficial effect of anthropomorphism but even a negative impact on the perceived reliability of the robot. Trust behavior was not significantly affected by an anthropomorphic robot design during faultless interactions, but showed a relatively steeper decrease after participants experienced a failure of the robot. With regard to attention allocation, the study clearly reveals a distracting effect of anthropomorphic robot design. The results emphasize that anthropomorphism might not be an appropriate feature in industrial HRI as it not only failed to reveal positive effects on trust, but distracted participants from relevant task areas which might be a significant drawback with regard to occupational safety in HRI.

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