scholarly journals Cryostimulation for Post-exercise Recovery in Athletes: A Consensus and Position Paper

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Bouzigon ◽  
Olivier Dupuy ◽  
Ivo Tiemessen ◽  
Massimo De Nardi ◽  
Jean-Pierre Bernard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Cold Stimulation ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Cold Room ◽  
Extreme Cold ◽  
International Experts ◽  
Post Exercise Recovery ◽  
Whole Body Cryotherapy

Recovery after exercise is a crucial key in preventing muscle injuries and in speeding up the processes to return to homeostasis level. There are several ways of developing a recovery strategy with the use of different kinds of traditional and up-to-date techniques. The use of cold has traditionally been used after physical exercise for recovery purposes. In recent years, the use of whole-body cryotherapy/cryostimulation (WBC; an extreme cold stimulation lasting 1–4 min and given in a cold room at a temperature comprised from −60 to −195°C) has been tremendously increased for such purposes. However, there are controversies about the benefits that the use of this technique may provide. Therefore, the main objectives of this paper are to describe what is whole body cryotherapy/cryostimulation, review and debate the benefits that its use may provide, present practical considerations and applications, and emphasize the need of customization depending on the context, the purpose, and the subject's characteristics. This review is written by international experts from the working group on WBC from the International Institute of Refrigeration.

scholarly journals Post-Exercise Whole Body Cryotherapy (−140 °C) Increases Energy Intake in Athletes

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 893
Author(s):  
Chihiro Kojima ◽  
Nobukazu Kasai ◽  
Chika Kondo ◽  
Kumiko Ebi ◽  
Kazushige Goto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Acylated Ghrelin ◽  
Meal Test ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Whole Body Cryotherapy

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) treatment after exercise on appetite regulation and energy intake. METHODS: Twelve male athletes participated in two trials on different days. In both trials, participants performed high-intensity intermittent exercise. After 10 min following the completion of the exercise, they were exposed to a 3-min WBC treatment (−140 °C, WBC trial) or underwent a rest period (CON trial). Blood samples were collected to assess plasma acylated ghrelin, serum leptin, and other metabolic hormone concentrations. Respiratory gas parameters, skin temperature, and ratings of subjective variables were also measured after exercise. At 30 min post-exercise, energy and macronutrient intake were evaluated during an ad libitum buffet meal test. RESULTS: Although appetite-regulating hormones (acylated ghrelin and leptin) significantly changed with exercise (p = 0.047 for acylated ghrelin and p < 0.001 for leptin), no significant differences were observed between the trials. Energy intake during the buffet meal test was significantly higher in the WBC trial (1371 ± 481 kcal) than the CON trial (1106 ± 452 kcal, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION: Cold exposure using WBC following strenuous exercise increased energy intake in male athletes.

scholarly journals Whole-body net protein balance plateaus in response to increasing protein intakes during post-exercise recovery in adults and adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mazzulla ◽  
Kimberly A. Volterman ◽  
Jeff E. Packer ◽  
Denise J. Wooding ◽  
Jahmal C. Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Exercise Recovery ◽  
Protein Balance ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Post Exercise Recovery ◽  
Net Protein

scholarly journals Post-exercise Whole Body Cryotherapy Treatment Increases Energy Intake Among Well-trained Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Chihiro Kojima ◽  
Nobukazu Kasai ◽  
Chika Kondo ◽  
Yasushi Suzuki ◽  
Kumiko Ebi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Whole Body Cryotherapy

scholarly journals Cochrane review: whole-body cryotherapy (extreme cold air exposure) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise in adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph T Costello ◽  
Philip RA Baker ◽  
Geoffrey M Minett ◽  
Francois Bieuzen ◽  
Ian B Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Extreme Cold ◽  
Whole Body Cryotherapy

scholarly journals Whole-body cryotherapy (extreme cold air exposure) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise in adults

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph T Costello ◽  
Philip RA Baker ◽  
Geoffrey M Minett ◽  
Francois Bieuzen ◽  
Ian B Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Cold Air ◽  
Extreme Cold ◽  
Whole Body Cryotherapy

scholarly journals Physical Exercise Combined with Whole-Body Cryotherapy in Evaluating the Level of Lipid Peroxidation Products and Other Oxidant Stress Indicators in Kayakers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Sutkowy ◽  
Beata Augustyńska ◽  
Alina Woźniak ◽  
Andrzej Rakowski
Keyword(s):  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
National Team ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Whole Body Cryotherapy ◽  
Gpx Activity

The influence of exercise combined with whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) on the oxidant/antioxidant balance in healthy men was assessed. The study included 16 kayakers of the Polish National Team, aged 22.7 ± 2.6, subjected to WBC (−120°C–−145°C; 3 min) twice a day for the first 10 days of a 19-day physical training cycle: pre exercise morning stimulation and post exercise afternoon recovery. Blood samples were taken on Day 0 (baseline) and on Days 5, 11 and 19. The serum concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), conjugated dienes (CD), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls, vitamin E, urea, cortisol, and testosterone were determined, along with the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and morphological blood parameters. On 5th day of exercise/WBC, the baseline GPx activity decreased by 15.1% (P<0.05), while on 19th day, it increased by 19.7% (P<0.05) versus Day 5. On Day 19 TBARS concentration decreased versus baseline and Day 5 (by 15.9% and 17.4%, resp.;P<0.01). On 19 Day urea concentration also decreased versus 11 Day; however, on 5th and 11th days the level was higher versus baseline. Combining exercise during longer training cycles with WBC may be advantageous.

scholarly journals Rapid component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption of children of different weight status after playing active video games

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caio Victor Sousa ◽  
Jungyun Hwang ◽  
Herbert Gustavo Simoes ◽  
Kyung Jin Sun ◽  
Amy Shirong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Exercise Recovery ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Active Video Games ◽  
Active Video ◽  
Post Exercise Recovery

Abstract Background Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) of children could indicate the potential of an exercise therapy to treat or prevent obesity. However, EPOC as a result of playing active video games (AVG) has been poorly investigated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the rapid component of EPOC of children with healthy weight and overweight/obesity (according to their BMI percentile) after playing AVGs that feature predominately upper body (UB) and whole-body (WB) movement. Methods Twenty-one children with healthy weight (BMI percentile < 85%) and with overweight/obesity (BMI percentile ≥ 85%) randomly underwent two 10-min AVG sessions (UB and WB). The heart rate (HR), minute ventilation (VE), oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) were recorded during exercise and post-exercise recovery period. For the rapid component of EPOC in each AVG session, measurements were recorded every 15 s for 5-min of post-exercise recovery. The rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was also measured immediately before and after each AVG play. Results Children with overweight/obesity had a higher average of absolute VE, VO2, and VCO2 than their healthy-weight counterparts (BMI percentile < 85%; n = 21) during post-exercise recovery. RPE, HR, and HR% were not different between the game sessions and weight groups. Children with overweight/obesity showed a higher absolute VO2 during EPOC than healthy-weight children in both game sessions, but relative VO2 was higher in healthy-weight children during EPOC. No differences were observed for EPOC between UB and WB sessions. Conclusions Children with overweight/obesity had a greater EPOC than healthy-weight children after AVG sessions in terms of absolute oxygen values, whereas healthy-weight children have higher EPOC considering relative VO2 when controlling for body mass. UB and WB AVGs induced a similar EPOC among children with healthy weight and overweight/obesity. As UB and WB AVGs induce the rapid component of EPOC in children regardless their weight status, AVGs could be used as an exercise method to treat and prevent child obesity.

scholarly journals The Effect of Repeated Whole-Body Cryotherapy on Sirt1 and Sirt3 Concentrations and Oxidative Status in Older and Young Men Performing Different Levels of Physical Activity

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Gabriela Wojciak ◽  
Jadwiga Szymura ◽  
Zbigniew Szygula ◽  
Joanna Gradek ◽  
Magdalena Wiecek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Whole Body Cryotherapy ◽  
The Impact

Background: The activity of antioxidant enzymes and sirtuins (Sirt) decreases along with age, which is counteracted by aerobic training. Sirtuins increase antioxidant defence. Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) increases total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in young men. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of 24 WBC treatments on the blood concentration of selected sirtuins and the level of antioxidant defence as well as oxidative stress index of training and non-training men depending on age. Methods: The study involved 40 males. In each group, there were 10 non-training older and young men (60 NTR and 20 NTR), and 10 older and young long-distance runners (60 TR, 20 TR). During an 8-week period, participants underwent 24 WBC treatments (3 min −130 °C), which were performed three times a week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday). The concentrations of Sirt1, Sirt3, TAC, total oxidative status and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the blood were determined before 1 WBC and after 1 WBC, 12 WBC and 24 WBC. Results: After 1 WBC, the activity of GPx and the concentration of Sirt1 and TAC in 60 TR and TAC in 60 NTR increased. After 12 WBC, the level of Sirt1 in 20 NTR and SOD in 20 TR increased. After 24 WBC, the level of Sirt1 increased in 60 TR and in 20 NTR, Sirt3 in 60 TR and SOD in 20 TR. Conclusions: Cryogenic temperatures increase blood levels of Sirt1 and Sirt3 and systemic antioxidant defence in men, but the effect is dependent on age, level of performed physical activity and the number of applied treatments.

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