scholarly journals In vitro Inhibition of Border Disease Virus Replication With Lentivirus-Mediated shRNAs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Hajihasani Arani ◽  
Azam Mokhtari ◽  
Behnaz Saffar ◽  
Leila Asadi Samani
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Border Disease Virus ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Packaging System ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Border Disease ◽  
Design Software ◽  
Interfering Rna ◽  
Oligonucleotide Sequence

Background: Border disease is believed to be one of the most important diseases in the animal husbandry industry, which has not yet been eradicated in Iran. The development of approaches based on the application of interfering RNA (RNAi) for antiviral therapy has attracted a great deal of attention over the recent years. The present research was conducted to design, construct, and apply shRNA against the NS3 gene of BDV to evaluate the prevention of BDV proliferation in the cell culture system. For this purpose, the suitable oligonucleotide sequence of NS3 gene coding was selected utilizing BDV- X818 strain. Afterwards, using shRNA design software, shRNA molecules were designed and synthesized. These shRNAs were cloned into the desired vectors and were finally transfected in HEK293T cells employing the third generation of lentiviral packaging system. Subsequently, these shRNA expressing lentiviruses were transduced to the MDBK cell line to challenge to border virus. In order to evaluate the efficacy of shRNAs, the viral infectious titer and RNA copy number were calculated with TCID50 and Real-time RT-PCR tests, respectively.Results: The results revealed that shRNAs 1, 2, and 3 decreased viral RNA by more than 90% compared to the control groups. BDV titer noticeably decreased after the challenge with shRNAs 1, 2, and 3 from ~88% up to 99% in comparison with the control groups.Conclusions: Overall, it could be concluded that RNAi may be considered as a strong treatment proposal against viruses, such as BDV.

scholarly journals Intracellular Proadrenomedullin-Derived Peptides Decorate the Microtubules and Contribute to Cytoskeleton Function

Endocrinology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (6) ◽  
pp. 2888-2898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan L. Sackett ◽  
Laurent Ozbun ◽  
Enrique Zudaire ◽  
Lisa Wessner ◽  
John M. Chirgwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttranslational Modifications ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Microtubule Associated Proteins ◽  
Microtubule Stabilization ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Intracellular Compartments ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
G2 Phase ◽  
Interfering Rna

Adrenomedullin (AM) and proadrenomedullin N-terminal 20 peptide (PAMP) are secretory hormones, but it is not unusual to find them in intracellular compartments. Using yeast-2 hybrid technology, we found interactions between AM and several microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), and between PAMP and tubulin. Expression of fluorescent-tagged AM and PAMP as well as immunofluorescence for the native peptides showed a complete decoration of the microtubules and colocalization with other MAPs. PAMP, but not AM, bound to tubulin in vitro and destabilized tubulin polymerization. Down-regulation of the gene coding for both AM and PAMP through small interfering RNA technology resulted in morphological changes, microtubule stabilization, increase in posttranslational modifications of tubulin such as acetylation and detyrosination, reduction in cell motility, and partial arrest at the G2 phase of the cell cycle, when compared with cells transfected with the same vector carrying a scrambled sequence. These results show that PAMP is a novel MAP, whereas AM may be exerting more subtle effects in regulating cytoskeleton function.

KPNA7, an oocyte- and embryo-specific karyopherin?subtype, is required for porcine embryo development

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Ki-Eun Park ◽  
Stephanie Koser ◽  
Shihong Liu ◽  
Luca Magnani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Assays ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Nuclear Localisation ◽  
Cytoplasmic Proteins ◽  
Vitro Binding ◽  
Intracellular Proteins ◽  
Porcine Embryo ◽  
Stage Embryo ◽  
Interfering Rna

Coordinated partitioning of intracellular cargoes between nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments is critical for cell survival and differentiation. The karyopherin α/β heterodimer functions to import cytoplasmic proteins that possess classical nuclear localisation signals into the nucleus. Seven karyopherin α subtypes have been identified in mammals. The aim of this study was to determine the relative abundance of transcripts encoding seven karyopherin α subtypes in porcine oocytes and embryos at discrete stages of cleavage development, and to determine the developmental requirements of karypopherin α 7 (KPNA7), an oocyte and cleavage stage embryo-specific karyopherin α subtype. We hypothesised that knockdown of KPNA7 would negatively affect porcine cleavage development. To test this hypothesis, in vitro matured and fertilised porcine oocytes were injected with a double-stranded interfering RNA molecule that targeted KPNA7; nuclei were counted in all embryos 6 days after fertilisation. Embryos injected with KPNA7-interfering RNAs possessed significantly lower cell numbers than their respective control groups (P < 0.05). In vitro binding assays also suggest that KPNA7 may transport intracellular proteins that possess unique nuclear localisation signals. Our data suggest that embryos have differential requirements for individual karyopherin α subtypes and that these karyopherin α subtypes differentially transport intracellular cargo during cleavage development.

scholarly journals SIRNA-MEDIATED INHIBITION OF INTERLEUKINE-13 PRODUCTION IN VITRO

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
I P Shilovskiy ◽  
D V Mazurov ◽  
N N Shershakova ◽  
M R Khaitov
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Product ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
In Vitro Methods ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Interfering Rna

Background. According to current views, one of the major mediators involved in the development of allergic process is IL-13. The goal of this work was to design small interfering RNA molecules to effectively inhibit il-13 gene expression of mice in experiments in vitro. Methods. For the expression of IL-13 in in vitro gene coding sequence il-13 was amplified using cDNA ConA-stimulated spleen cells from BALE / c mice as a template and cloned into the expression vector pUCHR IRES GFP. Using a computer analysis were designed six variants of siRNA, directed against mRNA-il-13. To test the efficiency of siRNA a co-transfection of 1x 105 cells HEK293T mixture (0,5 mg and 1 mg of plasmid siRNA) coupled with Lipofectamine 2000 reagent was carried out. Twenty-four hours later, the gene expression changes in il-13 recorded by flow cytometry on the fluorescence intensity of GFP+-cells. Gene expression of il-13 mRNA was assessed by quantitative PCR, and the level of the protein product by ELISA. results. As a result, siRNA molecules were obtained and three of them were able to effectively inhibit the gene expression of il-13. Conclusion. Thereby variants of siRNA, which can effectively inhibit the production of mice’s IL-13 in vitro; can be used later in experiments in vivo so to understand the role of IL-13 in the pathogenesis of allergic conditions as to develop new therapy approaches.

scholarly journals Chimeric pestiviruses: candidates for live-attenuated classical swine fever marker vaccines

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 2247-2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Wehrle ◽  
Sandra Renzullo ◽  
Anja Faust ◽  
Martin Beer ◽  
Volker Kaden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Challenge Infection ◽  
Border Disease Virus ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Oral Vaccination ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccine ◽  
Live Vaccines ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Border Disease

The use of attenuated classical swine fever virus (CSFV) strains as live vaccines is no longer allowed for the control of classical swine fever in Europe, due to the inability to differentiate between infected and vaccinated animals (Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals; DIVA), except as emergency vaccines or as bait vaccines for wild boars. Thus, the establishment of a DIVA vaccine(s) is of pivotal importance for the control of this infectious disease. In this study, recombinant versions of the live-attenuated vaccine strain CSFV Riems were generated by replacing parts of the E2 gene with the corresponding sequence of border disease virus strain Gifhorn. Three cDNA clones were constructed: pRiems-ABC-Gif, pRiems-A-Gif and pRiems-BC-Gif. Infectious particles were obtained from clones pRiems-ABC-Gif and pRiems-BC-Gif only, whereas transfected RNA from clone pRiems-A-Gif behaved like a replicon. Based on its ability to be differentiated in vitro from wild-type CSFV by mAbs, vRiems-ABC-Gif was assessed for immunogenicity and protection against challenge infection in pigs. Before challenge, no CSFV-specific anti-E2 antibodies could be detected with commercial E2-blocking ELISAs in vRiems-ABC-Gif-vaccinated animals, whereas vRiems-vaccinated pigs developed high titres of anti-E2 antibodies, confirming the marker properties of this vaccine candidate. After oral vaccination, only partial protection against challenge infection was observed in the vRiems-ABC-Gif vaccinees, whereas all intramuscularly vaccinated animals and all vRiems-vaccinated animals were fully protected. These experiments suggest that the strategy of exchanging specific antigenic epitopes among pestiviruses is a promising tool for the development of new CSFV marker vaccines.

Differential developmental requirements for individual histone H3K9 methyltransferases in cleavage-stage porcine embryos

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Eun Park ◽  
Christine M. Johnson ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Ryan A. Cabot
Keyword(s):  
Cell Number ◽  
Epigenetic Mark ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Histone Methyltransferases ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Respective Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Interfering Rna

Dimethylated H3K9 is a heritable epigenetic mark that is closely linked with transcriptional silencing and known to undergo global remodelling during cleavage development. Five mammalian histone methyltransferases (HMTases), namely Suv39H1, Suv39H2, SetDB1, EHMT1 and EHMT2, have been shown to mediate the methylation of H3K9. The aim of the present study was to determine the developmental requirements of these HMTases during cleavage development in porcine embryos. We hypothesised that knockdown of the abovementioned HMTases would differentially affect porcine cleavage development. To test this hypothesis, IVM and IVF porcine oocytes were divided into one of three treatment groups, including non-injected controls, oocytes injected with a double-stranded interfering RNA molecule specific for one of the HMTases and oocytes injected with a corresponding mutated (control) double-stranded RNA molecule. Nuclei were counted in all embryos 6 days after fertilisation. Although no significant difference in total cell number was detected in embryos injected with EHMT1 and EHMT2 interfering RNAs (compared with their respective control groups), embryos injected with interfering RNAs that targeted Suv39H1, Suv39H2 and SetDB1 had significantly lower cell numbers than their respective control groups (P < 0.05). This suggests that individual HMTases differentially affect in vitro developmental potential.

SiRNA technology, the gene therapy of the future?

2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Rácz ◽  
Péter Hamar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Short Interfering Rna ◽  
The Future ◽  
Interfering Rna

A genetikában új korszak kezdődött 17 éve, amikor a petúniában felfedezték a koszuppressziót. Később a koszuppressziót azonosították a növényekben és alacsonyabb rendű eukariótákban megfigyelt RNS-interferenciával (RNSi). Bár a növényekben ez ősi vírusellenes gazdaszervezeti védekezőmechanizmus, emlősökben az RNSi élettani szerepe még nincs teljesen tisztázva. Az RNSi-t rövid kettős szálú interferáló RNS-ek (short interfering RNA, siRNS) irányítják. A jelen cikkben összefoglaljuk az RNSi történetét és mechanizmusát, az siRNS-ek szerkezete és hatékonysága közötti összefüggéseket, a célsejtbe való bejuttatás virális és nem virális módjait. Az siRNS-ek klinikai alkalmazásának legfontosabb akadálya az in vivo alkalmazás. Bár a hidrodinamikus kezelés állatokban hatékony, embereknél nem alkalmazható. Lehetőséget jelent viszont a szervspecifikus katéterezés. A szintetizált siRNS-ek ismert mellékhatásait szintén tárgyaljuk. Bár a génterápia ezen új területén számos problémával kell szembenézni, a sikeres in vitro és in vivo kísérletek reményt jelentenek emberi betegségek siRNS-sel történő kezelésére.

scholarly journals Pestivirus infections in cervids from the Czech Republic

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 191-193
Author(s):  
K. Sedlak ◽  
T. Girma ◽  
J. Holejsovsky
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Border Disease Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Border Disease

372 sera of cervids from the Czech Republic were examined for antibodies to the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and border disease virus (BDV) by competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and for the presence of the BVDV by AgELISA. Antibodies to BVDV/BDV were found in 0.6% (two positive/305 tested) red deer (<I>Cervus elaphus</I>). BVDV/BDV antibodies were not found in four sika deer (<I>Cervus Nippon</I>) and 63 fallow deer (<I>Dama dama</I>). All serum samples were BVDV antigen negative. Our results confirmed that red deer in the Czech Republic are only rarely infected with Pestiviruses. This was the first survey of pestiviruses in farmed and wild cervids in the Czech Republic.

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