scholarly journals Models, Processes, and Roles of Universities in Technology Transfer Management: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Maresova ◽  
Ruzena Stemberkova ◽  
Oluwaseun Fadeyi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Management Of Technology ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry

Universities play pivotal roles when research findings are to be adopted commercially. Although these roles vary from one country to another, effective patenting and licensing procedures, as well as eventual commercialisation of scholarly inventions, reflect hard work on the part of the University mediating between the researcher and the industry through technology transfer offices (TTOs) in order to ensure that knowledge-developers take motivational and monetary credit for their findings. This paper details some existing models, processes, and roles taken up in some countries where sharing of intellectual property exists, and links it up with aspects of university–industry technology transfer, such as policies surrounding patenting, government investment and marketing, and the process of academic entrepreneurship, among others. 22 articles were found via a systematic review of literature and analysed with respect to four identified areas of focus: internal strategy, investment and market, academic entrepreneurship and policy. Based on models, processes, and roles in reviewed studies, our results indicate that new models for technology transfer mainly stem from the fact that there is no universally accepted model in the literature. Furthermore, management of technology transfer is mostly the responsibility of TTOs in most countries. While university TTOs act as intermediaries to protect the interest of the author/inventor, issues such as poor relationships between universities and industry, as well as funding, remain major challenges in many emerging economies. In contrast, researchers in western economies are mainly challenged by financial motivation and recognition within the academic domains.

Licensing, Partnering, Strategic Alliances and University Relationships

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley Daniel Blakeslee
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Biotechnology Industry ◽  
University Research ◽  
University Technology Transfer ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry

Abstract The biopharmaceutical industry has been undergoing change for a number of years and that change is accelerating.  Larger pharmaceutical companies are acquiring smaller ones, companies are merging, laboratories are being closed, and the number of scientists performing research in the pharmaceutical industry is declining.  Overall, commercial industry, including the biotechnology industry, is becoming more interested in the benefits of collaboration with research institutions.Universities are also changing their view of relationships with industry.  Shrinking federal budgets are causing universities to look at other sources of revenue, including collaborations with industry.  Federal and state governments are also looking closely at the benefits of sponsoring university research, and in particular are seeking to accelerate commercialization of university discoveries not only to obtain the benefit of invested research dollars, but also for economic development and job growth.  Universities, and in particular university technology transfer offices, must understand these changes and adapt to them. This paper discusses the university/industry relationships, and the particular issues important to universities which shape that interface. 

scholarly journals Co-Evolution of the University Technology Transfer: Towards a Sustainability-Oriented Industry: Evidence from Italy

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Paniccia ◽  
Silvia Baiocco
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
University Technology Transfer ◽  
Triple Helix Model ◽  
Management Of Technology ◽  
University Technology ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
The University ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
University Industry

Industry is continuously evolving, reflecting changes in society. An important aspect of this evolution concerns how new digital technologies are used and their effects on innovation and sustainability. Thus, the relationship between university, industry, and government grows stronger, shifting the focus on technology transfer processes from university to industry, at local and national levels. To increase our understanding of how these processes take place, more theoretical and empirical research is required. This paper aims to respond to this call by examining the university technology transfer through a co-evolutionary approach. The study analyses the dynamics of the relationships at different organisational levels within universities able to create sustainability-oriented innovative university spin-offs and start-ups, through the Italian National Innovation Award case. The findings show that the creation of these spin-offs and start-ups are the result of effective multi-level co-evolutionary adaptations within universities, and among university, industry and government. The article contributes to the further understanding of the management of technology transfer by combining some elements from the literature about the co-evolution of social organisations and their environment with some elements from the Triple Helix model of innovation. Moreover, both theoretical and managerial implications emerge, together with suggestions for future research.

China’s Science-Based Innovation and Technology Transfer in the Global Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 314-336
Author(s):  
Jizhen Li ◽  
Ximing Yin ◽  
Subrina Shen
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry ◽  
Critical Overview ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
University Industry Linkages

Science-based innovation in universities and diffusion through university-industry linkages are the keys to strengthening national innovation capability, especially for emerging markets. This chapter provides a critical overview of China’s innovation and technology transfer between the university and industry in the context of globalization and the new industrial revolution. By doing this, the chapter attempts to provide critical insights for relevant stakeholders—whether they be researchers, innovators, entrepreneurs, government officials, investors, or international organizations—in China’s development, innovation, and technology transfer. The chapter illustrates three aspects related to China’s innovation and technology transfer in comparison with other major players in the field. Then it further analyzes the drivers and challenges of China’s science-based innovation and university technology transfer for understanding the future of China’s innovation and technology transfer.

Knowledge and Technology Transfer Support Potential of Intermediate Organizations

2015 ◽  
pp. 143-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Kesting ◽  
Bernd Wurth
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Knowledge And Technology Transfer ◽  
Marketing Service ◽  
The University ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

This chapter aims at analyzing and optimizing the requirements of the internal environment regarding university-business cooperation (UBC). It focuses on university Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs), intermediate organizations embedded within the university environment. They support knowledge and technology transfer (KTT) activities, particularly the commercialization of research-based products. TTOs are supposed to accelerate and facilitate KTT from science into business practice. Although literature on university research commercialization highlights the relevance of transfer support by TTOs, empirical studies and KTT practice show that TTO services are used rather sparsely. Based on theoretical considerations and results of recent empirical studies on KTT, this chapter discusses two practice cases to derive indicators for a better exploitation of unused KTT support potential of TTOs. The results show that personal engagement aimed at a marketing service provider philosophy emerges as the key factor for fostering and intensifying cooperation between researchers and TTOs.

Case Studies of North American University Performance in Technology Transfer and Commercialization

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-51
Author(s):  
Alan Collier ◽  
Fang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
North American ◽  
University President ◽  
American University ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
University Performance ◽  
The University ◽  
Ability And Willingness

This chapter reports on case studies of four North American universities engaged in technology transfer and commercialization. The literature and case studies permitted an understanding of the characteristics possessed by universities and university technology transfer offices that appear to be successful in technology transfer and commercialization. Fourteen characteristics, or institutional enablers, are identified and analyzed in order to determine which among these characteristics have greater influence in the success of technology transfer offices. The chapter concludes that universities with superior-performing technology transfer offices possess two factors in common. First, the university President and other executives concerned in commercialization have to believe in it and make a genuine commitment to its success. Second, the technology transfer office has to be led by an individual who possesses several attributes: the ability and willingness to work within the university structure; the ability to be both an entrepreneur and a manager; the ability to see what is happening in technology transfer and commercialization as it evolves and matures; and to be a leader of people and business.

scholarly journals Perspectives of University-Industry Technology Transfer in African Emerging Economies: Evaluating the Nigerian Scenario via a Data Envelopment Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Fadeyi ◽  
Petra Maresova ◽  
Ruzena Stemberkova ◽  
Micheal Afolayan ◽  
Funminiyi Adeoye
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Technology Transfer Office ◽  
Innovation Transfer ◽  
Using Data ◽  
University Industry ◽  
Infant Stage ◽  
Resource Input

All of Africa’s emerging economies are faced with developmental challenges, which can be partly ameliorated using effective University–Industry technology transfer. While technology transfer remains at the infant stage, sparsely documented, and with no complex ongoing processes in many African societies, Universities in Africa are making efforts in University–Industry collaborations aimed at bringing significant improvements to the continent in a bid to drive national innovation and regional economic development. In this paper, we attempt to evaluate the progress made so far by Nigerian Universities in technological innovation transfer, in order to suggest ways for possible future progress. To do this, crucial technology transfer resource factors (inputs), namely, the number of linkage projects funded by the “African Research Council” (ARC), consortium membership of the University’s technology transfer office, and the number of doctoral staff at the University’s technology transfer office, were checked against a set of performance measures (number of executed licenses, amount of licensing royalty income, number of spin-offs created, and the number of spin-offs created with university equity), using data envelopment analysis and multiple regression, respectively. Results suggest that Universities that possess better resource factors reported higher outputs on most of the performance indicators applied. In addition, it was observed that Universities with greater ability to effectively transfer knowledge had higher technology commercialization performance and financial sustainability. The implication of these results is that Universities in Africa need to develop in line with the technology transfer resource (input) factors suggested within this study, as this is the way to go for better performance.

scholarly journals Organizational Factors that Affect the University-Industry Technology Transfer Processes of a Private University

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisiane Closs ◽  
Gabriela Cardozo Ferreira ◽  
Alessandra Freitas Soria ◽  
Claudio Hoffmann Sampaio ◽  
Marcelo Perin
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Private University ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry

scholarly journals Opportunities and Shortcomings of Developing and Implementing Academic Entrepreneurial Activities in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Kamrul Bari ◽  
Syed Nazim Obayed ◽  
Qazi Mutmainna Tahmida
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Academic Entrepreneur ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities

Academic entrepreneurship focuses on commercialization of research. Even though it is practiced worldwide for decades, Bangladesh is a newcomer in this segment. In Bangladesh only 2 Universities have Technology Transfer Offices or TTOs which are established with the sole focus of commercialization of researches of the students and the faculty members of the Universities. This article focuses on worldwide practices of technology transfer and academic entrepreneurial activities and also explores the opportunities and challenges of such entrepreneurs through detail investigation of the existing body of knowledge. Apart from exploring the problems and prospect of academic entrepreneurship in Bangladesh, this article also introduces the concept of Full-Service Knowledge Transfer Office (KTO), which existing literatures do not offer. The authors believe that by establishing such KTOs as a self-sustaining body, it is possible for an academic entrepreneur to stimulate, support and sustain their activities in Bangladesh. The concept of full service KTOs can also become models for other nations, specially the developing ones, to establish and nurture a culture of academic entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals Development of research on the university entrepreneurship ecosystem: trends and areas of interest of researchers based on a systematic review of literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-133
Author(s):  
Urszula Kobylińska ◽  
Juan J. Lavios
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Main Research ◽  
University Entrepreneurship ◽  
Methodological Foundation ◽  
Holistic Review ◽  
The University ◽  
Selection Of

Research background: The concept of the university entrepreneurship ecosystem is nowadays a part of the current trends in researching the determinants of support for commercialization of research results. The subject is relatively new, because the first papers in this topic are dated to 2009, and in fact it has only been in the last 3 years that the interest of researchers in this subject has increased. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this study is to analyze the state of research on the issue of the university ecosystem of academic entrepreneurship and to identify the main research trends related to this topic. Methods: The article was based on a systematic review of the literature (SLR), which included the selection of basic literature and selection of publications, mayor researchers, bibliometric analysis and content analysis. Findings & Value added: The results of the conducted research indicate that the study of the university ecosystem of academic entrepreneurship is still a new issue, poorly recognized in literature, without a solid methodological foundation and which may constitute a current and interesting research area. Our paper adds to existing research in four important ways. We provide a holistic review of university entrepreneurial ecosystem. We also identify the challenges identified in this area and suggest how they may be developed.  Third, our results are also policy-relevant. For policy-makers, it is important to know whether academic engagement is driven by mechanisms existing in academic ecosystem or affected by factors that may not be activated by it.

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