Knowledge and Technology Transfer Support Potential of Intermediate Organizations

2015 ◽  
pp. 143-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Kesting ◽  
Bernd Wurth
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Knowledge And Technology Transfer ◽  
Marketing Service ◽  
The University ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

This chapter aims at analyzing and optimizing the requirements of the internal environment regarding university-business cooperation (UBC). It focuses on university Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs), intermediate organizations embedded within the university environment. They support knowledge and technology transfer (KTT) activities, particularly the commercialization of research-based products. TTOs are supposed to accelerate and facilitate KTT from science into business practice. Although literature on university research commercialization highlights the relevance of transfer support by TTOs, empirical studies and KTT practice show that TTO services are used rather sparsely. Based on theoretical considerations and results of recent empirical studies on KTT, this chapter discusses two practice cases to derive indicators for a better exploitation of unused KTT support potential of TTOs. The results show that personal engagement aimed at a marketing service provider philosophy emerges as the key factor for fostering and intensifying cooperation between researchers and TTOs.

Case Studies of North American University Performance in Technology Transfer and Commercialization

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-51
Author(s):  
Alan Collier ◽  
Fang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
North American ◽  
University President ◽  
American University ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
University Performance ◽  
The University ◽  
Ability And Willingness

This chapter reports on case studies of four North American universities engaged in technology transfer and commercialization. The literature and case studies permitted an understanding of the characteristics possessed by universities and university technology transfer offices that appear to be successful in technology transfer and commercialization. Fourteen characteristics, or institutional enablers, are identified and analyzed in order to determine which among these characteristics have greater influence in the success of technology transfer offices. The chapter concludes that universities with superior-performing technology transfer offices possess two factors in common. First, the university President and other executives concerned in commercialization have to believe in it and make a genuine commitment to its success. Second, the technology transfer office has to be led by an individual who possesses several attributes: the ability and willingness to work within the university structure; the ability to be both an entrepreneur and a manager; the ability to see what is happening in technology transfer and commercialization as it evolves and matures; and to be a leader of people and business.

Licensing, Partnering, Strategic Alliances and University Relationships

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley Daniel Blakeslee
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Biotechnology Industry ◽  
University Research ◽  
University Technology Transfer ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry

Abstract The biopharmaceutical industry has been undergoing change for a number of years and that change is accelerating.  Larger pharmaceutical companies are acquiring smaller ones, companies are merging, laboratories are being closed, and the number of scientists performing research in the pharmaceutical industry is declining.  Overall, commercial industry, including the biotechnology industry, is becoming more interested in the benefits of collaboration with research institutions.Universities are also changing their view of relationships with industry.  Shrinking federal budgets are causing universities to look at other sources of revenue, including collaborations with industry.  Federal and state governments are also looking closely at the benefits of sponsoring university research, and in particular are seeking to accelerate commercialization of university discoveries not only to obtain the benefit of invested research dollars, but also for economic development and job growth.  Universities, and in particular university technology transfer offices, must understand these changes and adapt to them. This paper discusses the university/industry relationships, and the particular issues important to universities which shape that interface. 

scholarly journals Models, Processes, and Roles of Universities in Technology Transfer Management: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Maresova ◽  
Ruzena Stemberkova ◽  
Oluwaseun Fadeyi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Management Of Technology ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry

Universities play pivotal roles when research findings are to be adopted commercially. Although these roles vary from one country to another, effective patenting and licensing procedures, as well as eventual commercialisation of scholarly inventions, reflect hard work on the part of the University mediating between the researcher and the industry through technology transfer offices (TTOs) in order to ensure that knowledge-developers take motivational and monetary credit for their findings. This paper details some existing models, processes, and roles taken up in some countries where sharing of intellectual property exists, and links it up with aspects of university–industry technology transfer, such as policies surrounding patenting, government investment and marketing, and the process of academic entrepreneurship, among others. 22 articles were found via a systematic review of literature and analysed with respect to four identified areas of focus: internal strategy, investment and market, academic entrepreneurship and policy. Based on models, processes, and roles in reviewed studies, our results indicate that new models for technology transfer mainly stem from the fact that there is no universally accepted model in the literature. Furthermore, management of technology transfer is mostly the responsibility of TTOs in most countries. While university TTOs act as intermediaries to protect the interest of the author/inventor, issues such as poor relationships between universities and industry, as well as funding, remain major challenges in many emerging economies. In contrast, researchers in western economies are mainly challenged by financial motivation and recognition within the academic domains.

University knowledge, open innovation and technological capital in Spanish science parks

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Villasalero
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
University Research ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
Spanish Universities ◽  
Administrator Perspective ◽  
Technological Capital ◽  
The University

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the connection between university research and technological capital developed by science park (SCP) firms in order to elucidate whether the causal linkage is owing to non-pecuniary research spillovers or pecuniary technology transfer activities. Design/methodology/approach – Two publicly available surveys, one dealing with the research and transfer activities of 45 Spanish universities and another with the patenting activities of 44 Spanish SCPs, are matched in such a way that hypotheses can be tested using regression analysis. Findings – The patenting performance of SCP firms is positively related to the competitive R&D projects undertaken by the universities to which they are affiliated and negatively related to the technology transfer activities carried out by those universities. These findings suggest that the scientific knowledge produced by universities principally contributes to private technology-based firms’ technological capital through non-pecuniary research spillovers, whereas the pecuniary technology transfer agreements remain uncertain or may even prove to be detrimental. Practical implications – Firms that are considering locating or remaining in a university-affiliated SCP should be aware that the university's pecuniary orientation when managing its intellectual capital may become a barrier as regards the firm filling its technological capital shortages. From a university administrator perspective, the complementary or substitute role of technology transfer offices vis-à-vis SCPs should be considered in the light of the selling or revealing approach adopted by the university in order to commercialize and diffuse potential inventions. Originality/value – This study contributes to existing literature by shedding light on the causal linkage between university research and firm innovation, obtaining evidence in favor of an upstream, non-pecuniary and revealing role of universities in support of the accumulation of technological capital amongst SCPs tenant firms.

Conference Report

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Gareth Potts
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Conference Report ◽  
Action Knowledge ◽  
Development Unit ◽  
Enterprise Training ◽  
Knowledge And Technology Transfer ◽  
The University ◽  
North London

‘University—Enterprise Partnerships in Action: Knowledge and Technology Transfer — Economic and Social Development’, organized by CAPITTAL (COMMETT University—Enterprise Training Partnership for London, based at the University of North London Economic Development Unit and Innovation Centre), London, 22–23 June 1995

The Bayh–Dole Act, Technology Transfer and the Public Interest

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason F. Perkins ◽  
William G. Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Research Universities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The University

Passed to stimulate innovation and economic growth in 1980, the Bayh–Dole Act caused research universities in the USA to increase their focus on patenting and licensing activities. While Bayh–Dole appears to have led to an escalation in licensing and patenting applications through technology transfer offices, some question the Act's utility and influence with regard to the traditional mission of the university. This paper describes the Act's operation and influence, and analyses its consequences for academia, industry and the mission of research universities.

Venture creation programs: bridging entrepreneurship education and technology transfer

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lackéus ◽  
Karen Williams Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Venture Creation ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Education And Technology ◽  
The University

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how university-based entrepreneurship programs, incorporating real-life venture creation into educational design and delivery, can bridge the gap between entrepreneurship education and technology transfer within the university environment. Design/methodology/approach – Based on a literature review and snowball sampling over a two-year period, 18 entrepreneurship education programs were identified as applying a venture creation approach. Ten of these programs were selected for case study, including direct interviews and participatory observation during a two-day workshop. Empirical findings were iteratively related to theory within entrepreneurship education and technology transfer. Findings – The paper identifies the bridging capabilities of venture creation programs (VCP) across five core themes, illustrating the potential benefits of closer collaboration between entrepreneurship education and technology transfer in a university environment. Research limitations/implications – A definition for “VCP” is tested empirically. These programs are shown to be sophisticated laboratory environments, allowing for clinical research towards the understanding of entrepreneurship and technology transfer processes. Practical implications – Findings identify practical benefits of combining entrepreneurship education and technology transfer activities, such as increased value creation through not only new firms, but also an entrepreneurially equipped graduate population. VCPs allow for “spin-through” of innovative ideas in the university environment, while simultaneously contributing to entrepreneurial learning. Originality/value – This paper presents findings from the first multiple case study into entrepreneurship education specifically designed to develop real-life venture as part of the core curriculum. Findings provide basis for investigating the value of integrating entrepreneurship education and technology transfer at the university.

Patenting in the University and Public Research Centers Considering Their Knowledge Profiles

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 1540001
Author(s):  
Leonel Corona
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Research Centers ◽  
University Policy ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Rc Structure ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
National University ◽  
The University

One important agent in the process of converting scientific knowledge into technology are University Research Centers (RCs), which are engaged in scientific research (Sc), technology development (Tech), technical services (S), and teaching activities (t). The products of these activities are the publication of "papers", graduation of students, mainly Masters and Ph.Ds., services and patents which are part of technology development and technology transfer (TT) to industry. The mix of these functional activities and products defines the RC's profile. This paper focuses on how patents contribute to the Mexico National University (UNAM [note: UNAM is the Spanish acronym of the National Autonomous University of Mexico.]) RCs' profiles. The statistical analysis shows no direct effect of technology intensity on patenting. There is no sustained increase in UNAM patenting for the period 1975–2007, although two maximum peaks of patent granted appeared in 1993 and in 2005 which were triggered by a variety of internal and external events. One explanation of this pattern is the role played by the UNAM's Technology Transfer Offices (TTO) which have moved forward and backwards changing from being a centralized agency to a more flexible and diverse organization within RCs, showing a lack of a proactive university policy on patenting and TT. An overlapping policy of the disciplinary UNAM's RC structure with entrepreneurial attitudes could provide better dynamics for applied science and technology, and would have a positive impact on TT.

scholarly journals Responsible Research and Innovation in the Context of University Technology Transfer

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (328) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Piotr Gwizdała ◽  
Karol Śledzik
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Responsible Innovation ◽  
Responsible Research And Innovation ◽  
University Technology Transfer ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Technology Transfer Offices ◽  
University Technology ◽  
Google Books ◽  
The University ◽  
Responsible Research

The term „Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI)” has been increasingly used for over a decade. The RRI concept is not currently well defined. The theory of RRI is not developed enough and there are still conceptual divergences. This paper introduces the issue of Responsible Research and Innovation and addresses the following key questions: How do we define RRI? Where do we stand in terms of understanding the RRI dimensions presented in literature? What is the role of RRI in the university technology transfer activity? The study is based on literature search on the Scopus (www.scopus.com), EBSCO (www.ebsco.com), Google Scholar (scholar.google.com) and Google Books (books.google.com) databases to obtain articles published in peer reviewed journals, related to the concept of RRI and technology transfer. The search terms (for title and topic) were: responsible innovation, responsible research and innovation, RRI, technology transfer. Critical analysis of the state of knowledge allowed to propose a set of seven conceptual dimensions (inclusion, anticipation, responsiveness, reflexivity, sustainability, care and economic) of the Responsible Research and Innovation concept that may be implemented in technology transfer processes executed at universities. RRI concept is still under development. A discussion around the conceptual dimensions of RRI will be followed by the strategic challenges of universities. The study resulted in two conclusions. Firstly, the RRI concept may shift the focus of TTOs (Technology Transfer Offices) from outcomes (revenues, cash flow, rate of return, patents, license fee, etc.) to processes, which further leads to the second conclusion, that all seven presented conceptual dimensions should indicate particular types of processes in university TTO. Fulfillment of these two conclusions makes possible to implement RRI on University in a wider perspective, than just fulfill the requirements of administrative funders.

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