scholarly journals Experimental Heat Loads for Electrothermal Anti-Icing and De-Icing on UAVs

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Richard Hann ◽  
Adriana Enache ◽  
Mikkel Cornelius Nielsen ◽  
Bård Nagy Stovner ◽  
Jeroen van Beeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Experimental Heat ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Ice Shedding

Atmospheric in-flight icing on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is a significant hazard. UAVs that are not equipped with ice protection systems are usually limited to operations within visual line of sight or to weather conditions without icing risk. As many military and commercial UAV missions require flights beyond visual line of sight and into adverse weather conditions, energy-efficient ice protection systems are required. In this experimental study, two electro-thermal ice protection systems for fixed-wing UAVs were tested. One system was operated in anti-icing and de-icing mode, and the other system was designed as a parting strip de-icing system. Experiments were conducted in an icing wind tunnel facility for varying icing conditions at low Reynolds numbers. A parametric study over the ice shedding time was used to identify the most energy-efficient operation mode. The results showed that longer intercycle durations led to higher efficiencies and that de-icing with a parting strip was superior compared to anti-icing and de-icing without a parting strip. These findings are relevant for the development of energy-efficient systems in the future.

SEISMIC EXPLORATION IN THE CANADIAN ARCTIC ISLANDS

Geophysics ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
George D. Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Seismic Exploration ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Reflection And Refraction ◽  
Adverse Weather Conditions ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Sverdrup Basin ◽  
June July

The Polar Continental Shelf Project, a broad program of research in the Canadian Arctic, was started in 1959. Seismic studies were undertaken by the Geological Survey of Canada. Refraction and reflection techniques were employed in the first stages of a reconnaissance program during May, June, July, and August 1960. Certain new techniques were developed during this seismic program in the high Arctic. The crew operated from motor toboggans in 1960 but helicopters will be used more extensively in the future for a more efficient operation. Adverse weather conditions such as blizzards, low temperatures, white‐outs, wind, and rain are a hindrance to operations at various times of the year. The sea ice appears to present no great noise problem to standard recording techniques. Several air shots were recorded in direct comparison with surface shots but the gain in energy level is not enough to justify using the method. The records from various locations within the Sverdrup Basin indicate that both reflection and refraction techniques are satisfactory. A cross‐section illustrates the results of the 1960 program.

The right approach how to design the conditioning system of a sugar silo

2017 ◽  
pp. 476-480
Author(s):  
Jörg Linek ◽  
Norbert Rösch
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Air Distribution ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Work Safety ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Residual Water Content ◽  
Heated Air ◽  
The Right

In the light of the constantly growing requirements regarding efficiency, work safety and increasing capacities the design of silos and its conditioning systems demands for customer-specific and experience-based approach. After production fresh sugar has a residual water content which can lead to agglomerations during storage. This affects the product quality, discharge and transport from the silo and endangers staff who has to remove cakings manually. Therefore it is necessary to prepare and distribute the air constantly at optimal conditions. Time of conditioning, air quantity and humidity are the parameters to be determined simultaneously based on the type of silo, residual water content of stored sugar, size of sugar crystals, product feed-in rate and environmental conditions [1]. In the design the amount of water to be removed, air distribution in the sugar bed and temperature are considered. Depending on weather conditions the supplied air is mixed with fresh, dried, cooled or heated air to meet the needed conditions and to enable an energy-efficient operation of the plant.

Norming Maneuverability in Adverse Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Shigunov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Slow Steaming ◽  
Adverse Weather Conditions ◽  
Adverse Weather

Slow steaming and regulatory drive toward more energy efficient ships have raised a problem of ensuring sufficient maneuverability of ships under adverse weather conditions when installed power is reduced. This paper discusses possible criteria for maneuverability in adverse conditions, proposes practical assessment procedure, and shows examples of its application. Further, the paper outlines necessary developments.

scholarly journals Challenges of Poultry Farming In Makurdi Benue State, North-Central Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Leo Daniel Ojabo ◽  
Tokshidung Rittongwe Yilji ◽  
Ibrahim Adah Okachi
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
North Central ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Adverse Weather Conditions ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
The Government ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The study assessed challenges of poultry production in Makurdi Area of Benue State, North Central Nigeria. Information on production activities, management and problems were collected from 50 poultry farmers in the study area using structured questionnaire and assessment through direct observations. The data were analyzed using tables, frequency distribution and percentages. From the analysis, the poultry enterprises are confronted with a number of constraints mitigating against their efficient operation. Majority (66%) of the poultry farms in Makurdi were of low to medium scale with flock size of < 1000 birds. The problems of low capital, high input costs, diseases and adverse weather conditions were identified in the study area. High cost of feeds and at times scarcity of layer feeds are major problems. They also identified proper marketing outlets especially for broiler sales. All these problems can be tackled by making loans/grants easily accessible by the government and encouraging farmers to organise themselves into cooperatives. By so doing their resources can be pooled together for meaningful development of their farms and the poultry industry in Benue State. Extension services should include creating awareness of the importance of biosecurity measures on farms in order to limit infections.

Manoeuvrability in Adverse Conditions

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Shigunov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Slow Steaming ◽  
Adverse Weather Conditions ◽  
Adverse Weather

Slow steaming and regulatory drive towards more energy efficient ships have raised a problem of ensuring sufficient manoeuvrability of ships under adverse weather conditions when installed power is reduced. This paper discusses possible criteria for sufficient manoeuvrability in adverse conditions and proposes practical assessment procedure and examples of its application. Further, the paper outlines necessary developments.

Energy efficient biomorphic pulse information coding in electronic neurons for the entrance unit of the neuroprocessor

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Pisarev
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Input Unit ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Electric Circuits ◽  
Electronic Neuron

This article studies the implementation of some well-known principles of information work of biological systems in the input unit of the neuroprocessor, including spike coding of information used in models of neural networks of the latest generation.<br> The development of modern neural network IT gives rise to a number of urgent tasks at the junction of several scientific disciplines. One of them is to create a hardware platform&nbsp;— a neuroprocessor for energy-efficient operation of neural networks. Recently, the development of nanotechnology of the main units of the neuroprocessor relies on combined memristor super-large logical and storage matrices. The matrix topology is built on the principle of maximum integration of programmable links between nodes. This article describes a method for implementing biomorphic neural functionality based on programmable links of a highly integrated 3D logic matrix.<br> This paper focuses on the problem of achieving energy efficiency of the hardware used to model neural networks. The main part analyzes the known facts of the principles of information transfer and processing in biological systems from the point of view of their implementation in the input unit of the neuroprocessor. The author deals with the scheme of an electronic neuron implemented based on elements of a 3D logical matrix. A pulsed method of encoding input information is presented, which most realistically reflects the principle of operation of a sensory biological neural system. The model of an electronic neuron for selecting ranges of technological parameters in a real 3D logic matrix scheme is analyzed. The implementation of disjunctively normal forms is shown, using the logic function in the input unit of a neuroprocessor as an example. The results of modeling fragments of electric circuits with memristors of a 3D logical matrix in programming mode are presented.<br> The author concludes that biomorphic pulse coding of standard digital signals allows achieving a high degree of energy efficiency of the logic elements of the neuroprocessor by reducing the number of valve operations. Energy efficiency makes it possible to overcome the thermal limitation of the scalable technology of three-dimensional layout of elements in memristor crossbars.

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