scholarly journals Potential Adoption of Integrated Pest Management Strategy for Suppression of Mango Fruit Flies in East Africa: An Ex Ante and Ex Post Analysis in Ethiopia and Kenya

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice W. Muriithi ◽  
Nancy G. Gathogo ◽  
Gracious M. Diiro ◽  
Samira A. Mohamed ◽  
Sunday Ekesi
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Ante

To sustain agricultural development in Africa, innovative strategies for addressing a myriad of biotic and abiotic constraints facing the agricultural systems must be established. One current biotic stress is the mango infesting fruit flies. In the effort to contain the widely spreading and damaging invasive species of tephritid fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) (Hendel), an area-wide integrated pest management (IPM) program is being promoted in the horticultural sub-sector in sub-Saharan Africa. Such a new technology in which farmers have limited information before commercialization may have diffusion paths that are different from the often-assumed sigmoid (or “s”) shaped curve. We apply the descriptive and econometric analysis of ex ante and ex post integrated fruit fly management used by mango farmers in Kenya and Ethiopia. The results reveal that this technology has a relatively high adoption rate and high prospects for adoption growth in Kenya compared to Ethiopia in the near future.

The utility of microsatellite DNA markers for the evaluation of area-wide integrated pest management using SIT for the fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), control programs in Thailand

Genetica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidchaya Aketarawong ◽  
Suksom Chinvinijkul ◽  
Watchreeporn Orankanok ◽  
Carmela Rosalba Guglielmino ◽  
Gerald Franz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Microsatellite Dna ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Microsatellite Dna Markers

scholarly journals Fruit fly surveillance in Togo (West Africa): state of diversity and prevalence of species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komina Amevoin ◽  
L. K. Agboyi ◽  
M. Gomina ◽  
K. Kounoutchi ◽  
K. H. Bassimbako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Future Evaluation ◽  
Very High ◽  
Ceratitis Fasciventris

AbstractThe production and marketing of fruits, especially mango, in sub-Saharan Africa are threatened by fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). This baseline study analysed the biodiversity of fruit fly species, in mango orchards, in different ecological zones of Togo. Traps used to monitor the flies in the orchards consisted of dry baits, made from four types of parapheromones specific to the males of different species. Forty species of fruit flies were identified in the mango orchards in Togo. The most common species were Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Ceratitis cosyra (Walker), Ceratitis fasciventris (Bezzi), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), Ceratitis bremii Guérin-Méneville, Dacus bivittatus (Bigot), Dacus humeralis (Bezzi), Dacus punctatifrons Karsch and Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett). The invasive B. dorsalis and the endogenous species, C. cosyra were dominant in the mango producing areas of Togo because their prevalence were very high (B. dorsalis: 2.1 ≤ flies per trap per day (FTD) ≤ 472.2; C. cosyra: 0.34 ≤ FTD ≤ 97.28). There was no area free from fruit flies in Togo during the study. These results constitute an essential reference in the future evaluation of the effectiveness of any control activities initiated in Togo against fruit flies.

scholarly journals Jenis dan Peranan Parasitoid dalam Mengendalikan Populasi Lalat Buah (Bactrocera dorsalis Complex.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) yang Menyerang Buah Mangga (Mangifera indica L) di Kabupaten Buleleng

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
I WAYAN SUSILA ◽  
I WAYAN SUPARTHA
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Parasitization Rate

The Role of parasitoid in controlling the population of fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis Complex.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) who attacked mangoes (Mangifera indica L) in Buleleng Regency. Thisresearch was conducted with the aim of knowing the role of parasitoids in controlling the population of fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis Complex.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) on mango plants (Mangifera indica L.) in Buleleng Regency. Field research was carried out at the Buleleng mango plantations while laboratory research was carried out at the Integrated Pest Management and Plant Disease Laboratory from April to July 2019.Field research was carried out at  the Buleleng mango plantations while laboratory research was carried out at the Integrated Pest Management laboratory and  was  carried out  from  April  to  July 2019.  Determination of the location of sampling  is  done  diagonally  and  fruits  infested  larvae  was  taken  purposively. The results showed that there were three species of fruit flies that attacked mango in Buleleng Regency, namely B. carambolae, B. papayae and B. occipitalis with an abundance of B. carambolae 39.3%, B. papayae 64.4% and B. occipitalis 0.3% and found three types of parasitoids namely Fopius sp, Diachasmimorpha sp. and Opius sp. The role of parasitoids in controlling fruit flies is still low when viewed from the parasitization rate of the three parasitoids namely Fopius sp. (2,24%), Diachasmimorpha sp. (1,9%), and Opius sp. (0,46%).

scholarly journals Integrated Pest Management of Longan (Sapindales: Sapindaceae) in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanh Tran ◽  
Hoa Nguyen Van ◽  
Rangaswamy Muniappan ◽  
James Amrine ◽  
Rayapati Naidu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Current State

AbstractThis paper describes the current state of pests and diseases of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) and their management in Vietnam. Longan is the third most cultivated fruit crop and second major fruit crop exported from Vietnam. Brief descriptions of arthropod pests Eriophyes dimocarpi Kuang (Acari: Eriophyidae), Conogethes punctiferalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), Conopomorpha litchiella Bradley (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), Tessaratoma papillosa Drury (Hemiptera: Tessaratomidae), Eudocima phalonia L. comb. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephretidae), Planococcus lilacinus Cockerell (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Drepanococcus chiton Green (Hemiptera: Coccidae), and Cornegenapsylla sinica Yang & Li (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) and fungal diseases Phytophthora palmivora Butler (Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae), Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. (Incertaesedis: Glomerellaceae), and Ceratocystis fimbriata Ellis & Halsted (Microascales: Ceratocystidaceae) affecting longan are given. The longan witches’ broom syndrome is a major factor causing 50–86% annual crop loss in Vietnam and it has been considered the primary constraint in production. The causative agent of this syndrome has been identified as the eriophyid mite E. dimocarpi. Deployment of Integrated Pest Management strategies for longan production in Vietnam is outlined.

scholarly journals Adoption and Dis-Adoption of Sustainable Agriculture: A Case of Farmers’ Innovations and Integrated Fruit Fly Management in Kenya

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Charity M. Wangithi ◽  
Beatrice W. Muriithi ◽  
Raphael Belmin
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Gender And Education ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Indigenous Methods

The invasive fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis poses a major threat to the production and trade of mango in sub-Saharan Africa. Farmers devise different innovations to manage the pest in an attempt to minimize yield loss and production costs while maximizing revenues. Using survey data obtained from Embu County, Kenya, we analyzed farmers’ knowledge and perception as regards the invasive fruit fly, their innovations for the management of the pest, and the determinants of their adoption and dis-adoption decisions of recently developed and promoted integrated pest management (IPM) technologies for suppression of the pest. The results show that farmers consider fruit flies as a major threat to mango production (99%) and primarily depend on pesticides (90%) for the management of the pest. Some farmers (35%) however use indigenous methods to manage the pest. Though farmers possess good knowledge of different IPM strategies, uptake is relatively low. The regression estimates show that continued use of IPM is positively associated with the gender and education of the household head, size of a mango orchard, knowledge on mango pests, training, contact with an extension officer, and use of at least one non-pesticide practice for fruit fly management, while IPM dis-adoption was negatively correlated with the size of the mango orchard, practice score and use of indigenous innovations for fruit fly management. We recommend enhancing farmer′s knowledge through increased access to training programs and extension services for enhanced adoption of sustainable management practices for B. dorsalis.

scholarly journals Host Suitability Index for Polyphagous Tephritid Fruit Flies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A Follett ◽  
Fay E M Haynes ◽  
Bernard C Dominiak
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Host Suitability ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Infestation Rate ◽  
Suitability Index ◽  
Host Status ◽  
Tephritid Fruit Flies

Abstract Tephritid fruit flies are major economic pests for fruit production and are an impediment to international trade. Different host fruits are known to vary in their suitability for fruit flies to complete their life cycle. Currently, international regulatory standards that define the likely legal host status for tephritid fruit flies categorize fruits as a natural host, a conditional host, or a nonhost. For those fruits that are natural or conditional hosts, infestation rate can vary as a spectrum ranging from highly attractive fruits supporting large numbers of fruit flies to very poor hosts supporting low numbers. Here, we propose a Host Suitability Index (HSI), which divides the host status of natural and conditional hosts into five categories based on the log infestation rate (number of flies per kilogram of fruit) ranging from very poor (<0.1), poor (0.1–1.0), moderately good (1.0–10.0), good (10–100), and very good (>100). Infestation rates may be determined by field sampling or cage infestation studies. We illustrate the concept of this index using 21 papers that examine the host status of fruits in five species of polyphagous fruit flies in the Pacific region: Bactrocera tryoni Froggatt, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactrocera latifrons (Hendel), Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). This general-purpose index may be useful in developing systems approaches that rely on poor host status, for determining surveillance and detection protocols for potential incursions, and to guide the appropriate regulatory response during fruit fly outbreaks.

Non-host status of papaya cultivars to the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae), in relation to the degree of fruit ripeness

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domingos Cugala ◽  
João Jone Jordane ◽  
Sunday Ekesi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Ripening Stage ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Ripening Stages

AbstractPhytosanitary measures are a major barrier to trade in papaya. We assessed the infestation of tephritid fruit flies on different stages of maturity of papaya, to determine its non-host stage of maturity, for market access. Papaya fruits were collected from Kilifi and Embu counties, Kenya from March 2013 to December 2014, to assess the level of infestation by fruit flies according to the degree of fruit ripening. In all locations, no fruit fly infestation was recorded on papaya when fruits were at the 0, 25 and 50% yellow fruit ripening stage.Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel) was, however, observed attacking fruits when papaya fruits were at 75 and 100% all yellow (fully ripe fruit ripening stage) with infestations of 0.19−0.51B. dorsalis/kg fruit and 0.24−1.24B. dorsalis/kg fruit, respectively, in all locations. Field cage exposure ofB. dorsalisto fruits of five papaya cultivars—‘Papino’, ‘Neo Essence’, ‘Sunrise Solo’, ‘Tainung No. 1’ and ‘Tainung No. 2’ in Manica Province, Mozambique—showed thatB. dorsalisdid not infest fruits at 0, 25 and 50% yellow ripening stages at the densities of 50 and 100 flies per cage. However, at 75% yellow ripening stage, up to 13.1 pupae/kg of fruits was recorded at a density of 150 flies per cage in Tainung No. 1, and infestation ranged from 4.5 to 136 pupae/kg fruits at 100% yellow ripening stage across all the cultivars and infestation densities. Laboratory evaluation of volatiles emanating from freshly crushed papaya pulp of four cultivars: ‘Sunrise Solo’, ‘Red Lady’, ‘Papayi’ and ‘Apoyo’ on egg viability ofB. dorsalisshowed that at 0, 25 and 50% yellow, egg hatchability was inhibited, suggesting that semiochemical compounds present in green tissues of papaya prevent egg development, although this effect was variable across the four cultivars and ripening stages. Export papaya is harvested at less than 40% yellow ripening stage. Our results, therefore, suggest that quarantine treatment for fruits at this ripening stage is inconsequential, asB. dorsalisdoes not infest papaya fruits at this stage; thus, authorities should permit entry of these papaya cultivars of less than 40% yellow ripening stage to quarantine-sensitive markets.

Fruit Fly Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management in Dragon Fruit in Binh Thuan Province, Viet Nam

2019 ◽  
pp. 343-347
Author(s):  
Nguyen T.T. Hien ◽  
Vu T.T. Trang ◽  
Vu V. Thanh ◽  
Ha K. Lien ◽  
Dang Đ. Thang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Dragon Fruit

scholarly journals Human and Technical Dimensions of Potato Integrated Pest Management Using Farmer Field Schools: International Potato Center and Partners’ Experience With Potato Late Blight Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Ortiz ◽  
Rebecca Nelson ◽  
Modesto Olanya ◽  
Graham Thiele ◽  
Ricardo Orrego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Potato Late Blight ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Farmer Field Schools ◽  
International Potato ◽  
Field Schools

Abstract In the 1990s, the integrated pest management (IPM) team for potato late blight (IPM-late blight) at the International Potato Center (CIP) began to address the management of this complex potato disease by combining crop protection with social and behavioral sciences. Since the early 2000s, the team has worked with research and development organizations in countries in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and South America to develop farmer discovery-based learning methods using farmer field schools (FFS). The principles of late blight control were more visible and understood by farmers when they could test options for managing late blight, particularly new potato clones with resistance to the disease, for themselves. CIP and partners have since adapted an approach combining FFS and participatory research to facilitate farmers’ access to information, knowledge, and technologies. Several manuals to implement FFS-IPM-late blight with farmers were subsequently developed. Results indicated that farmers using this approach learned new knowledge, assessed new potato clones, and changed crop management practices. Hence farmers realized a 32% average increase in potato productivity and income in Peru; similar changes occurred in other countries. The participatory research and training approach had a significant impact beyond IPM-late blight. In Peru and Bolivia, for example, more than 2,000 FFS were implemented between 2005 and 2012 on IPM for potato, other crops (coffee, cocoa, fruit trees), and livestock. In Uganda and Ethiopia, the experience expanded to potato seed management with the formation of seed cooperatives. Lessons have been drawn from this experience.

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