Production and Molecular Identification of Interspecific Hybrids between Phaius mishmensis (Lindl. and Paxton) Rchb. f. and Phaius tankervilliae (Banks) Blume

This study aimed at assessing the hybridization feasibility and evaluating genetic fidelity of the hybrid seedlings originated from Phaius mishmensis (Lindl. and Paxton) Rchb. f. and P. tankervilliae (Banks) Blume. Intra- and interspecific hybridization between Phaius mishmensis (Lindl. and Paxton) Rchb. f. and P. tankervilliae (Banks) Blume were examined to establish the primary hybrid, observe their cross ability and identify the F1 hybrids using sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. Self-incompatibility and cross ability of P. mishmensis and P. tankervilliae were tested before starting the breeding program. Results showed that they were self-compatible orchids. The interspecific hybridization between P. mishmensis and P. tankervilliae was achieved with the highest pod setting (80%), seed germination percentage (94.8%) and the rate of protocorm development into mature seedlings (stage 6) (10.6%), but the smallest size of embryo with width 46.5 μm, length 67.3 μm was also observed when P. mishmensis was taken as the female parent. A comparative study on leaf morphology and anatomy of plantlets regenerated from intra- and interspecific hybrids of P. mishmensis and P. tankervilliae showed a transitional character to the parental species. Herein, the presence of interspecific hybrids between P. mishmensis and P. tankervilliae, as well as their reciprocal cross, was verified using Pmis524 SCAR markers developed by the decamer primer.

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Obtaining interspecific hybrids, and molecular analysis by microsatellite markers in grapevine

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2011001100009 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 46 (11) ◽

pp. 1480-1488 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mariane Ruzza Schuck ◽

Luiz Antonio Biasi ◽

Ada Michele Mariano ◽

Bernardo Lipski ◽

Summaira Riaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Interspecific Hybridization ◽

Molecular Analysis ◽

Interspecific Hybrids ◽

Female Parent ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Reciprocal Crosses ◽

Self Pollination ◽

Vitis Labruscana ◽

Muscadinia Rotundifolia

The objective of this work was to assess the potential of interspecific hybridization of Vitis labruscana and Muscadinia rotundifolia by using artificial cross-pollinations. Microsatellite markers were used to confirm interspecific hybridizations and the identity of the parental genotypes. In crosses in which M. rotundifolia was used as the female parent, no true hybrids were obtained. In the reciprocal crosses, 114 seedlings were identified as true V. labruscana x M. rotundifolia hybrids. Self pollination occurred in direct and in reciprocal crosses. The crossings between 'Bordo' x 'Carlos', 'Magnolia', 'Regale' and' Roanoke', and between' Isabel' x 'Bountiful', 'Carlos', 'Magnolia', 'Regale' and 'Roanoke' were confirmed. The 15 markers evaluated showed that two M. rotundifolia parental genotypes had the same fingerprint profile, indicating a like lyplanting error. The success of hybridization depends mainly on the species and on the cultivar used as the female parent. Microsatellite markers are efficient to confirm the paternity of interspecific F1 hybrids and to determine the correct identity of M. rotundifolia cultivars.

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Alteration of Anthocyanin Glycosylation in Cranberry Through Interspecific Hybridization

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.130.5.711 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 130 (5) ◽

pp. 711-715 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Nicholi Vorsa ◽

James J. Polashock

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Interspecific Hybridization ◽

Interspecific Hybrids ◽

Parental Species ◽

Genetic Manipulation ◽

Vaccinium Macrocarpon ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Backcross Population ◽

American Cranberry

The flavonoids of american cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) are documented to be beneficial for human health. Among their benefits is a high antioxidant potential, with anthocyanin glycosides being the main contributors. Flavonoid glucose conjugates are reported to be more bioavailable than those with other sugar conjugates. The anthocyanin glycosides of V. macrocarpon fruit are mainly galactosides and arabinosides of the aglycones, cyanidin and peonidin, with less than 8% glucosides. In contrast, the fruit anthocyanins of another cranberry species, V. oxycoccus L. were found to be largely glucosides of cyanidin and peonidin. Interspecific hybrids between these two species were intermediate to the parental species in the proportion of fruit anthocyanin glucosides. About half the progeny (1:1 segregation) in a backcross population (to V. macrocarpon) maintained the relatively high anthocyanin glucoside ratio. In this study, we demonstrate the genetic manipulation of anthocyanin glycosylation in cranberry using interspecific hybridization, resulting in dramatically increased glucose-conjugated anthocyanins.

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Generation of interspecific hybrids for introgression of mungbean yellow mosaic virus resistance in Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-3808 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Prince Lekhi ◽

R. K. Gill ◽

Satinder Kaur ◽

T. S. Bains

Keyword(s):

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Vigna Radiata ◽

Female Parent ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Polymorphic Markers ◽

Vigna Species ◽

Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus

Vigna radiata genotypes viz., SML 668 and SML 832 and V. mungo genotypes viz., Mash 114 and Mash 218 were crossed in all possible combinations during summer 2015 to generate F1 hybrids. Interspecific hybridization was attempted by using V. radiata genotypes as female parent. Pod set percentage varied from 5.5 percent (SML 832 x Mash 218) to 24.1 percent (SML 832 x Mash 114). The germination percentage ranged from 14.29 to 30.56. Maximum pollen fertility was observed in cross SML 668 x Mash 114 (28.36 percent) followed by SML 668 x Mash 218 (27.03 percent), SML 832 x Mash 218 (24.32 percent) and minimum in SML 832 x Mash 114 (22.59 percent).The purity of hybrids were tested through microsatellite markers. For parental polymorphism, microsatellite markers were selected from related Vigna species such as Vigna unguiculata, Vigna radiata and Vigna mungo. Out of 84 markers used, 46 were polymorphic i.e 54.76 per cent polymorphism between parents. These polymorphic markers were used for confirmation of hybrids produced from different crosses. All the F1 plants gave resistant reaction to Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) indicating the introgression of resistance gene(s) from V. mungo to V. radiata.

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Drosophila Interspecific Hybridization Causes a Deregulation of the piRNA Pathway Genes

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes11020215 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 215

Author(s):

Víctor Gámez-Visairas ◽

Valèria Romero-Soriano ◽

Joan Martí-Carreras ◽

Eila Segarra-Carrillo ◽

Maria Pilar García Guerreiro

Keyword(s):

Interspecific Hybridization ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Parental Species ◽

Rapid Evolution ◽

Primary Response ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Drosophila Buzzatii ◽

Almost All ◽

Pirna Pathway ◽

Cellular Control

Almost all eukaryotes have transposable elements (TEs) against which they have developed defense mechanisms. In the Drosophila germline, the main transposable element (TE) regulation pathway is mediated by specific Piwi-interacting small RNAs (piRNAs). Nonetheless, for unknown reasons, TEs sometimes escape cellular control during interspecific hybridization processes. Because the piRNA pathway genes are involved in piRNA biogenesis and TE control, we sequenced and characterized nine key genes from this pathway in Drosophila buzzatii and Drosophila koepferae species and studied their expression pattern in ovaries of both species and their F1 hybrids. We found that gene structure is, in general, maintained between both species and that two genes—armitage and aubergine—are under positive selection. Three genes—krimper, methyltransferase 2, and zucchini—displayed higher expression values in hybrids than both parental species, while others had RNA levels similar to the parental species with the highest expression. This suggests that the overexpression of some piRNA pathway genes can be a primary response to hybrid stress. Therefore, these results reinforce the hypothesis that TE deregulation may be due to the protein incompatibility caused by the rapid evolution of these genes, leading to a TE silencing failure, rather than to an underexpression of piRNA pathway genes.

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Study of crossability and F1 of interspecific hybridization between Brassica rapa (B. campestris) and B. nigra

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v32i3.546 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 445-449

Author(s):

MA Malik

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Number ◽

Interspecific Hybridization ◽

Female Parent ◽

Pollen Sterility ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Root Tip ◽

Intermediate Morphology ◽

Pale Colour ◽

Tip Cells ◽

Root Tip Cells

Interspecific hybridization between yellow seeded variety, Binasarisha-6 of B. rapa var. Yellow Sarson (2n=20; AA) and Nigra-1 of B. nigra (2n=16; BB) were made. The crosses with Binasarisha-6 of B. rapa var. Yellow Sarson as a female parent were only successful. Chromosome number in root tip cells of the F1 hybrids was 18, which was half of the sum total of the somatic chromosome number of the parents and indicated hybrid nature. Hybrids exhibited intermediate morphology between the parents. All the hybrids showed complete pollen sterility with shrivelled, pointed tip, and pale colour anthers and reduced filaments and failed to set siliquae and seeds.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v32i3.546Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 32(3) : 445-449, September 2007

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Morphology is a poor predictor of interspecific admixture – the case of two naturally hybridizing newts Lissotriton montandoni and Lissotriton vulgaris (Caudata: Salamandridae)

Amphibia-Reptilia ◽

10.1163/15685381-bja10019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 489-500

Author(s):

Marta E. Niedzicka ◽

Bartosz M. Głowacki ◽

Piotr Zieliński ◽

Wiesław Babik

Keyword(s):

Interspecific Hybrids ◽

Parental Species ◽

Genetic Admixture ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Hybrid Zones ◽

Natural Hybrid ◽

Secondary Sexual Traits ◽

Lissotriton Vulgaris ◽

Intermediate Phenotypes ◽

Species Specific

Abstract Compared to the parental species, interspecific hybrids often show intermediate phenotypes which can affect their fitness directly and/or their attractiveness to potential mates. Lissotriton montandoni and Lissotriton vulgaris hybridize across their parapatric range along the Carpathian mountains. Hybrids are rare in natural hybrid zones, which may be related to strong assortative mating in parental species. In the present study, we investigated morphological male species-specific traits and their differentiation between both parental species and first generation of interspecific hybrids (F1), considering morphological variation between two L. vulgaris subspecies co-occurring with L. montandoni in nature: L. v. vulgaris and L. v. ampelensis. Male morphology of each group was assessed and compared based on species-specific and sexual secondary traits, selected based on the literature review. We confirmed that F1 hybrids of L. v. vulgaris and L. montandoni have an intermediate morphology between parental species. However, when morphological traits were compared with the level of genetic admixture of individuals in natural hybrid zones, we discovered that even early generations hybrids (i.e. F1 and/or F2 generation) can be similar to the parental species (especially L. v. ampelensis). As even early generations hybrids can be morphologically undistinguishable from L. v. ampelensis, sexual attractiveness of hybrids may be potentially less affected in direction of L. v. ampelensis backcrossing. Summarizing, morphology, especially morphology of male secondary sexual traits is not a reliable tool for the estimation of genetic admixture of an individual in natural populations within the hybrid zone.

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Interspecific Hybrids between Tea (Camellia sinensis) and Wilson's Camellia (C. irrawadiensis) I. Morphology and Cytology of F1 Hybrids

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700006177 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 13-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H. P. Bezbaruah

Keyword(s):

Camellia Sinensis ◽

Pollen Fertility ◽

Interspecific Hybrids ◽

Female Parent ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

High Pollen ◽

Reciprocal Crosses ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Anatomical Characters ◽

Regular Meiosis

SUMMARYCrosses were made between tea (Camellia sinensis L.) and Wilson's camellia (C. irrawadiensis Barua), using tea as the female parent, but reciprocal crosses were not successful. The F1 hybrids were intermediate in morphological and anatomical characters between the parents. Regular meiosis and high pollen fertility in the hybrids clearly indicate a close relationship between the parental genomes.

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Sequencing an F1 hybrid of Silurus asotus and S. meridionalis enabled the assembly of high-quality parental genomes

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93257-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Weitao Chen ◽

Ming Zou ◽

Yuefei Li ◽

Shuli Zhu ◽

Xinhui Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

De Novo ◽

Parental Species ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Pelteobagrus Fulvidraco ◽

F1 Hybrid ◽

Short Reads ◽

Final Assembly ◽

Genome Complexity ◽

Hybrid Genome ◽

Silurus Asotus

AbstractGenome complexity such as heterozygosity may heavily influence its de novo assembly. Sequencing somatic cells of the F1 hybrids harboring two sets of genetic materials from both of the paternal and maternal species may avoid alleles discrimination during assembly. However, the feasibility of this strategy needs further assessments. We sequenced and assembled the genome of an F1 hybrid between Silurus asotus and S. meridionalis using the SequelII platform and Hi-C scaffolding technologies. More than 300 Gb raw data were generated, and the final assembly obtained 2344 scaffolds composed of 3017 contigs. The N50 length of scaffolds and contigs was 28.55 Mb and 7.49 Mb, respectively. Based on the mapping results of short reads generated for the paternal and maternal species, each of the 29 chromosomes originating from S. asotus and S. meridionalis was recognized. We recovered nearly 94% and 96% of the total length of S. asotus and S. meridionalis. BUSCO assessments and mapping analyses suggested that both genomes had high completeness and accuracy. Further analyses demonstrated the high collinearity between S. asotus, S. meridionalis, and the related Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Comparison of the two genomes with that assembled only using the short reads from non-hybrid parental species detected a small portion of sequences that may be incorrectly assigned to the different species. We supposed that at least part of these situations may have resulted from mitotic recombination. The strategy of sequencing the F1 hybrid genome can recover the vast majority of the parental genomes and may improve the assembly of complex genomes.

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Distribution of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici races and virulence in wheat growing regions of Kenya from 1970 TO 2014

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-11-20-2341-re ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mercy Wamalwa ◽

Ruth Wanyera ◽

Julian Rodriguez-Algaba ◽

Lesley Boyd ◽

James Owuoche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stripe Rust ◽

Fungal Pathogen ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Yellow Rust ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Scar Markers ◽

Seedling Resistance ◽

Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽

Triticum Spp ◽

Virulence Diversity

Stripe rust, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a major threat to wheat (Triticum spp.) production worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the virulence of Pst races prevalent in the main wheat growing regions of Kenya, which includes Mt. Kenya, Eastern Kenya, and the Rift Valley (Central, Southern, and Northern Rift). Fifty Pst isolates collected from 1970 to 1992 and from 2009 to 2014 were virulence phenotyped using stripe rust differential sets, and 45 isolates were genotyped with sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers to differentiate among the isolates and identify aggressive strains PstS1 and PstS2. Virulence corresponding to stripe rust resistance genes Yr1, Yr2, Yr3, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr9, Yr17, Yr25, Yr27 and the seedling resistance in genotype Avocet S were detected. Ten races were detected in the Pst samples obtained from 1970 to 1992, and three additional races were detected from 2009 to 2014, with a single race being detected in both periods. The SCAR markers detected both Pst1 and Pst2 strains in the collection. Increasing Pst virulence was found in the Kenyan Pst population, and that diverse Pst race groups dominated different wheat growing regions. Moreover, recent Pst races in east Africa indicated possible migration of some race groups into Kenya from other regions. This study is important in understanding Pst evolution and virulence diversity and useful in breeding wheat cultivars with effective resistance to stripe rust. Keywords: pathogenicity, Puccinia f. sp. tritici stripe (yellow) rust, Triticum aestivum

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Successful Interspecific hybridization between mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) and ricebean (V. umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi)

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-433 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Lestari Ujianto ◽

Nur Basuki ◽

Kuswanto . ◽

Astanto Kasno

Keyword(s):

Interspecific Hybridization ◽

Vigna Radiata ◽

Gene Action ◽

Female Parent ◽

Quantitative Characters ◽

Viable Seeds

Successful interspecific hybridization between several cultivars of mungbean (Vigna radiata) and ricebean (V. umbellata) was achieved using mungbean as the female parent. Hybridization was not achieved if ricebean was used as the female parent. Seeds of hybrids were viable and grew and developed normally, producing viable seeds. The gene action of all observed quantitative characters was partially dominant, implying that it should be possible to produce stable hybrids. The progeny had desirable characteristics of both parents suggesting that interspecific hybridization of the two species could be used to produce a new, superior cultivar.

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