scholarly journals Genetic and Phenotypic Diversity of Rhizobia Isolated from Trifolium rubens Root Nodules

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1286
Author(s):  
Anna Marzec-Grządziel ◽  
Anna Gałązka ◽  
Monika Marek-Kozaczuk ◽  
Anna Skorupska
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
High Genetic Diversity

The aim of this study was to analyse the genetic and phenotypic differentiation of bacteria isolated from root nodules of Trifolium rubens, a rare clover species. The symbiotic compatibility of selected isolates was investigated using two agronomically important plants, red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.). A high genetic diversity of analysed strains was shown using the Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) method. Most of the strains showed a high similarity to R. leguminosarum in the 16S rRNA sequence. Two strains were identified as Agrobacterium spp. There was a strong positive correlation between fresh clover weight and the number of root nodules and a statistically significant increase in the number of the root nodules in selected strains compared to the negative control. Phenotypic tests and BIOLOG analysis showed the ability of the analysed strains to grow in different experimental conditions (pH = 6–10, 0.5–3% NaCl, different carbon and nitrogen sources), which makes them suitable for application as an agronomically important factor.

scholarly journals The Effects of Red Clover Seed Treatment with Cold Plasma and Electromagnetic Field on Germination and Seedling Growth Are Dependent on Seed Color

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4676
Author(s):  
Anatolii Ivankov ◽  
Rasa Zukiene ◽  
Zita Nauciene ◽  
Laima Degutyte-Fomins ◽  
Irina Filatova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Cold Plasma ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Capacitively Coupled ◽  
Clover Seed

This study aimed to estimate the effects of cold plasma (CP) and electromagnetic field (EMF) treatment of red clover (Trifolium pratense) seeds with different coat colors on germination kinetics, the content of seed phytohormones, and the growth of seedlings. Seeds of red clover cultivar ‘Arimaiciai’ were treated with radio-frequency EMF or capacitively coupled low-pressure CP for different durations. There were no differences in germination kinetics between yellow, brown, and dark purple seeds in control, but the germination rate of seeds treated with CP and EMF depended on seed color: The germination of yellow seeds was stimulated stronger compared to dark purple and brown seeds, and EMF did not stimulate germination in brown seeds. The content of phytohormones in control seeds and the shift in their amount induced by seed treatments were also strongly dependent on seed color. No relationship was found between the effect on germination kinetics and changes in phytohormone levels. In the control, seedlings growing from the yellow seeds were heavier, and the number of root nodules was 12.5 times larger compared to seedlings of dark purple seeds. Seed treatments with CP and EMF significantly increased the number of root nodules, and this effect was stronger in seedlings from dark purple seeds compared to those from yellow seeds.

scholarly journals Characterization of an Atrazine-DegradingPseudaminobacter sp. Isolated from Canadian and French Agricultural Soils

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 2773-2782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Topp ◽  
Hong Zhu ◽  
Sarah M. Nour ◽  
Sabine Houot ◽  
Melanie Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Metabolite Identification ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Triazine Herbicides ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Atrazine Degradation

ABSTRACT Atrazine, a herbicide widely used in corn production, is a frequently detected groundwater contaminant. Fourteen bacterial strains able to use this herbicide as a sole source of nitrogen were isolated from soils obtained from two farms in Canada and two farms in France. These strains were indistinguishable from each other based on repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR genomic fingerprinting performed with primers ERIC1R, ERIC2, and BOXA1R. Based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis of one representative isolate, strain C147, the isolates belong to the genusPseudaminobacter in the family Rhizobiaceae. Strain C147 did not form nodules on the legumes alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatusL.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), and soybean (Glycine maxL.). A number of chloro-substituted s-triazine herbicides were degraded, but methylthio-substituted s-triazine herbicides were not degraded. Based on metabolite identification data, the fact that oxygen was not required, and hybridization of genomic DNA to the atzABC genes, atrazine degradation occurred via a series of hydrolytic reactions initiated by dechlorination and followed by dealkylation. Most strains could mineralize [ring-U-14C]atrazine, and those that could not mineralize atrazine lacked atzB or atzBC. The atzABC genes, which were plasmid borne in every atrazine-degrading isolate examined, were unstable and were not always clustered together on the same plasmid. Loss of atzBwas accompanied by loss of a copy of IS1071. Our results indicate that an atrazine-degradingPseudaminobacter sp. with remarkably little diversity is widely distributed in agricultural soils and that genes of the atrazine degradation pathway carried by independent isolates of this organism are not clustered, can be independently lost, and may be associated with a catabolic transposon. We propose that the widespread distribution of the atrazine-degradingPseudaminobacter sp. in agricultural soils exposed to atrazine is due to the characteristic ability of this organism to utilize alkylamines, and therefore atrazine, as sole sources of carbon when the atzABC genes are acquired.

scholarly journals GBS and a newly developed mRNA-GBS approach to link population genetic and transcriptome analyses reveal pattern differences between sites and treatments in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Gemeinholzer ◽  
O Rupp ◽  
A Becker ◽  
M. Strickert ◽  
C-M Müller
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Sequencing Depth ◽  
Reduced Complexity ◽  
Transcriptome Analyses ◽  
Combine Population

AbstractThe important worldwide forage crop red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is widely cultivated as cattle feed and for soil improvement. Wild populations and landraces have great natural diversity that could be used to improve cultivated red clover. However, to date, there is still insufficient knowledge about the natural genetic and phenotypic diversity of the species. Here, we developed a low-cost transcriptome analysis (mRNA-GBS) with reduced complexity and compared the results with population genetic (GBS) and previously published mRNA-Seq data, to assess whether analysis of intraspecific variation within and between populations and transcriptome responses is possible simultaneously. The mRNA-GBS approach was successful. SNP analyses from the mRNA-GBS approach revealed comparable patterns to the GBS results, but it was not possible to link transcriptome analyses with reduced complexity and sequencing depth to previously published greenhouse and field expression studies. The use of short sequences upstream of the poly(A) tail of mRNA to reduce complexity are promising approaches that combine population genetics and expression profiling to analyze many individuals with trait differences simultaneously and cost-effectively, even in non-model species. Our mRNA-GBS approach revealed too many additional short mRNA sequences, hampering sequence alignment depth and SNP recovery. Optimizations are being discussed. Nevertheless, our study design across different regions in Germany was also challenging as the use of differential expression analyses with reduced complexity, in which mRNA is fragmented at specific sites rather than randomly, is most likely counteracted under natural conditions by highly complex plant reactions at low sequencing depth.

scholarly journals Abiotic Stress and Red Clover: A Less Explored Area of Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Afsha Parween ◽  
Vikas Singh ◽  
Monika Bajpai
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Centre Of Origin ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is one of the main forage species from temperate regions and its centre of origin is located in southern Europe and southern Eurasia. Although red clover is Mediterranean in origin, it is a widely adapted species grown in many climatic conditions around the world. It is a perennial, medicinal herb from legume family and it grows best in calcium, phosphorus and potassium rich soils. This medicinal plant is in symbiotic association with bacteria present in its root nodules, thus the plant is capable of fixing the atmospheric nitrogen into the soil thereby increasing the quality of the soil. Red clover is typically used to treat a number of respiratory ailments such as asthma, bronchitis, and bronchitis, skin disorders such as eczema and psoriasis, inflammatory conditions like arthritis, and to treat women's health problems especially in giving relief from menopausal symptoms. However, the response of Red Clover under abiotic stress conditions is a less explored area of research. The present review highlights the existing potential of Red clover in fighting abiotic stress conditions and also explains the need of developing resistant varieties of this plant to meet the future challenges.

Comparisons of Floral Response of Seed Lots of Dollard Red Clover, Trifolium pratense L. 1

Crop Science ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bula ◽  
R. G. May ◽  
C. S. Garrison ◽  
C. M. Rincker ◽  
J. G. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

scholarly journals Precrop Effect of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on the Population Development of the Northern Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949 and on Succeeding Crops—A Pot Study

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Renata Dobosz ◽  
Roman Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Nematode Population ◽  
Meloidogyne Hapla ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Tomato Growth

The northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla, is a major pest of many crop species. The objective of the study was to determine how M. hapla population dynamics is affected by two precrops, i.e., Trifolium pratense and Medicago sativa, in three crop durations: one, two and three years of continuous cultivation. Moreover, we set ourselves the task of evaluating the effect of the legume precrop soil on the growth of the succeeding tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum) and on the nematode population. The experiment was performed outdoors in pots with naturally infected soil. Both precrop species investigated were found to modify the J2 nematode population density in the soil. The galls and nematode females with egg masses were observed on the roots of both studied plant species at the end of each growing season. They appeared to be more abundant on the red clover roots than on those of the alfalfa. The obtained data indicate that the spring soil sampling is more appropriate for the estimation of the M. hapla population density in the red clover precrop soil. The legume precrop soil had a limiting effect on tomato growth and fruit yield. The nematode population negatively influenced tomato growth. The experiment revealed that tomato plants could be planted in alfalfa precrop soil following at least three years of continuous alfalfa cultivation. The same cannot be said of the cultivation of red clover as a precrop for tomatoes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document