scholarly journals Application of Multi-Component Conditioner with Clinoptilolite and Ascophyllum nodosum Extract for Improving Soil Properties and Zea mays L. Growth and Yield

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2005
Author(s):  
Jacek Długosz ◽  
Anna Piotrowska-Długosz ◽  
Karol Kotwica ◽  
Ewelina Przybyszewska
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Available Water Capacity ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Plant Properties

The application of various conditioners in agriculture is one of the management practices used to improve soil quality and plant growth and development. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a multi-component conditioner on the selected soil properties and maize (Zea mays L.) growth and yield. The effect of a conditioner on a set of soil properties and maize growth and yield was studied in one-year experiments carried out at three study sites, which were under a conventional tillage system. All of the study sites were located on farms in three geographic mezoregions in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Region (Midwestern Poland). The studied soils were Haplic Luvisol (Janocin and Kobylnica) and Albic Luvisols (Krukówko) that were composed of sandy loam. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the effect of a conditioner Solactiv on the soil and plant properties. The conditioner significantly affected the soil enzyme activities such as dehydrogenase (DHA), fluorescein sodium salt hydrolysis level (FDAH) and carboxymethylcellulose cellulase (CMC—cellulase); wherein the last one increased by about 16–20%. The application of Solactiv also increased the available K content (about 11%) but not the content of the microbial biomass C and N. Total porosity (TP), which was significantly higher in the soil treated with conditioner than in the control soils, increased the available water capacity (AWC) (about 2.2%). The higher AWC in the treated soil indicated the greater contribution of the mesopores in the TP (about 4%). A significantly higher readily available water capacity (RAWC) and small pores available water capacity (SAWC) was determined in the treated soils compared to the controls. Of the plant properties, only plant height, fresh cob biomass (BBCH 87–89) and fresh plant biomass (BBCH 84–85) were significantly increased by the conditioner. The application of Solactiv is considered to be a promising approach for developing sustainable agriculture by improving the soil’s biological activity and water-related properties.

NET CO2 EXCHANGE RATE AS A SENSITIVE INDICATOR OF PLANT WATER STATUS IN CORN (Zea mays L.)

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. CEULEMANS ◽  
I. IMPENS ◽  
M. C. LAKER ◽  
F. M. G. VAN ASSCHE ◽  
R. MOTTRAM
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Available Water Capacity

With the objective to evaluate and compare different physiological plant parameters as indicators of water stress, net CO2 exchange rate (NCER), leaf temperature, predawn and daytime leaf water potential were monitored diurnally on last fully expanded leaves of corn (Zea mays L.) plants under two different soil water treatments (stressed and nonstressed) during a 10-d period at anthesis in a semi-arid region in South Africa. Profile available water capacity (PAWC) was used to express the soil water contents during the experiments. A significant decrease in NCER was noticed as soon as 30% of PAWC was extracted, i.e. 2 or 3 d after irrigation. Although the results were limited to a short, well-defined measuring period, NCER, and especially NCER at noon, seemed to be a more sensitive and more reliable indicator of corn water stress than, for example, predawn or daytime leaf water potential, at least under the conditions studied here. This reduction in NCER might have a significant impact on total biomass, rooting density, flower and ear formation.Key words: Corn, irrigation scheduling, photosynthesis, leaf water potential, profile available water capacity, soil water content

scholarly journals Improving Soil Properties and Yield of Corn (Zea Mays L.) by Application of Organic Amendment on Abandoned Tin-Mining Land in Bangka Island

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
. Asmarhansyah
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mining Areas

An abandoned land after tin-mining activities are degraded lands with undulating and destructed land scape and low soil fertility status. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of organic amendments on the soil properties, growth, and grain yield of corn (Zea mays L.) on abandoned tin-mining areas in Bangka Island, Bangka Belitung Archipelago. The field experiment was conducted at the abandoned tin-mining areas in Cambai Village, Bangka Belitung Archipelago. Five treatments of organic amendments were applied and replicated three times and laid out in a Randomized Completely Block Design. All treatments were applied with the recommended rate fertilizer of 135 kg N ha-1, 72 kg P2O5 ha-1, and 120 kg K2O ha-1.  The treatments were T1= 20 Mg chicken manure ha-1;T2= 20 Mg cattle manure ha-1; T3= 20 Mg rice straw compost ha-1; T4 : 10 Mg of chicken manure ha-1 + 10 Mg rice straw compost ha-1; and T5= 10 Mg cattlemanure ha-1 + 10 Mg rice straw compost  ha-1. Application of organic amendments (chicken manure, cattle manure, and rice straw compost) on abandoned tin-mining land improved soil fertility due to the increasing of soil pH and nutrient availability, especially available-P and -K, and exchangeable bases. Application of chicken manure and cattle manure were significantly better than rice straw compost to improving soil fertility, nutrient uptake, growth and yield of maize. Application of cattle manure gave the highest yield of maize, namely 6.24 Mg ha-1.

scholarly journals DISPONIBILIDADE DE ÁGUA E PRODUÇÃO DE ARROZ EM FUNÇÃO DE DOSES DE CONCENTRADO ZEOLÍTICO

Irriga ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Carlos de Campos Bernardi ◽  
Fernando Campos Mendonça ◽  
Patrick Gesualdi Haim ◽  
Carlos Guarino Werneck ◽  
Marisa Bezerra de Melo Monte
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Available Water Capacity

DISPONIBILIDADE DE ÁGUA E PRODUÇÃO DE ARROZEM FUNÇÃO DE DOSESDE CONCENTRADO ZEOLÍTICO  Alberto Carlos de Campos Bernardi1; Fernando Campos Mendonça1; Patrick Gesualdi Haim2; Carlos Guarino Werneck2; Marisa Bezerra de Melo Monte31Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP, [email protected] Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ3Centro de Tecnologias Minerais, Rio de Janeiro, RJ  1 RESUMO O uso de condicionadores no solo possibilita aumentar a capacidade de retenção de água e nutrientes dos solos arenosos. As zeólitas são minerais alumino-silicatos cristalinos hidratados, estruturados em redes tridimensionais rígidas e de ocorrência natural e que podem ser utilizados como condicionador natural do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de doses de um concentrado do mineral zeólita sobre a retenção de água de um Neossolo Quartzarênico e a produção do arroz em duas frequências de irrigação. Os tratamentos utilizados foram 4 níveis do concentrado zeolítico: testemunha, 33,3; 66,7 e 100,0 gkg-1 de solo. As plantas de arroz foram cultivadas com irrigação diária e com intervalos de um dia. Os resultados indicam que, com o uso do concentrado zeolítico, foi possível aumentar a retenção e disponibilidade de água no solo. Houve aumentos em relação à testemunha de 10, 38 e 67% na capacidade de água disponível (CAD) e de 15%; 51% e 111% na água facilmente disponível (AFD) para as doses de 33,3; 66,7 e 100,0 g kg-1. O crescimento e da produção de arroz aumentaram com a elevação da doses de concentrado zeolítico com um intervalo de um dia entre as irrigações. UNITERMOS: estilbita, curva de retenção de água, capacidade de água disponível, modelo de van Genuchten.  BERNARDI, A. C. de C.; MENDONÇA, F. C.; HAIM, P. G.; WERNECK, C. G.; MONTE, M. B. de M. WATER AVAILABILITY AND RICE YIELD DUE TO LEVELS OF ZEOLITIC CONCENTRATE  2 ABSTRACT The use of soil conditioners are an alternative to improve soil water and nutrient retention. Zeolites are hydrated crystalline aluminate-silicates structured in rigid three-dimensional nets with natural occurrence which can be used as a natural soil conditioner. The main objective of this research was evaluating the effect of levels of a mineral zeolite concentrate on the water retention and available water capacity of an Entisol (Sandyl/Quartzipsament) and the rice growth and yield in two irrigation frequencies. Treatments consisted of  4 levels of the zeolitic concentrate: control, 33.3; 66.7 and 100.0 gkg-1. Rice was grown with daily irrigation and one day interval. Results indicated that the zeolitic concentrate increased the water retention and availability of the sandy soil. Available water capacity increased 10, 38 and 67% and easily available water  increased 15, 51 and 111% in relation to the control, respectively, with the use of 33.3; 66.7 and 100.0 g kg-1. The highest levels of zeolite made possible the maintenance of the rice growth and the yield with a one-day interval between the irrigations. KEYWORDS: water retention curve, available water capacity, van Genuchten model.

scholarly journals Linking weed patterns with soil properties: a long-term case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Pätzold ◽  
Christine Hbirkou ◽  
Dominik Dicke ◽  
Roland Gerhards ◽  
Gerhard Welp
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Available Water Capacity ◽  
Species Variability

Abstract The spatial distribution and density of different weed species were monitored during a long-term survey over a period of 9 years on a 5.8 ha arable field and related to soil properties. Weed seedlings were determined every year in spring on a regular grid with 429 observation points (15 × 7.5 m; net study area = 4 ha). Dominant weed species were Chenopodium album, Polygonum aviculare, Viola arvensis and different grass weeds, clearly dominated by Alopecurus myosuroides. A non-invasive electromagnetic induction survey was conducted to evaluate available water capacity directly in the field at high spatial resolution. Further soil properties were evaluated following the minimum-invasive approach with soil sampling and subsequent mid-infrared spectroscopy. Plant available nutrients were analysed with conventional lab methods. Redundancy analysis served to describe the effect of soil properties, different years and field crops on weed species variability. Seven soil properties together explained 30.7% of the spatial weed species variability, whereas 28.2% was explained by soil texture, available water capacity and soil organic carbon. Maps for site-specific weed management were created based on soil maps. These maps permit several benefits for precision crop protection, such as a better understanding of soil–weed inter-relations, improved sampling strategies and reduction in herbicide use.

scholarly journals What is the Best Inference Trajectory for Mapping Soil Functions: An Example of Mapping Soil Available Water Capacity over Languedoc Roussillon (France)

Soil Systems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Styc ◽  
Philippe Lagacherie
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Mapping ◽  
Digital Soil Mapping ◽  
Soil Functions ◽  
Mapping Procedure ◽  
Soil Function ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Available Water Capacity

Extending digital soil mapping to the mapping of soil functions that can support end-user decisions comes to coupling a digital soil mapping procedure and a soil function assessment method. This can be done following various possible inference trajectories following the order with which “combining primary soil properties”, “aggregating soil layers across depths” and “mapping” are executed to provide the targeted output. Eighteen inference trajectories, designed for computing soil available water capacity maps in the Languedoc–Roussillon region (France), were compared with regard to their mapping performances. The best performance (SSMSE = 0.42) was obtained by a trajectory that, before mapping, combined the three first GlobalSoilMap soil layers and computed the available water capacity of each layer. The worst (SSMSE = 0.07) was observed when all the soil layers and soil properties were combined prior to mapping. We explain the observed differences between trajectories by examining the differences in mapping errors and in error propagation between the compared trajectories, which involve both the correlations between the soil properties and between their mapping errors. This paves the way to spatial soil inference systems that could perform an ex ante selection of the best possible inference trajectory for mapping a soil function.

scholarly journals Influence of Tithonia Diversifolia on Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield, Fertility and Infiltration Status of Two Clay Varied Soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Olufemi Gabriel Dayo-Olagbende ◽  
Oluwawemimo Omowumi Akingbola ◽  
Gbolahan Saheed Afolabi ◽  
Babatunde Sunday Ewulo
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Total N ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Towards a more sustainable soil management through recycling of readily available weeds in Akure, Nigeria, different rates of Tithonia diversifolia (tithonia) were compared on a field trial to evaluate its effect on soil properties. The experiment was sited at two locations in South gate of the Federal University of Technology, Akure. Prior to the field establishment, a composite soil sample was collected and analyzed for physico-chemical properties. The sites were cleared and tilled. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The treatments consisted of three levels of tithonia application which are 0, 3 and 6 t ha-1. Each experimental unit size was 2 m x 2 m with 1 m alleyway. Maize (Zea mays L. var.TZB-SR) seeds were sown at a spacing of 75 cm by 25 cm and 10 were randomly sampled per plot for growth and yield parameters. Data were collected on maize yield and soil physical and chemical properties after harvest to ascertain sustainability of the mulch material after cropping. Application of tithonia mulch improved growth, and yield indices of maize as well as soil physical and chemical properties. The contents of soil total N, exchangeable cations, , CEC, Organic matter content, total porosity, moisture content and infiltration rate were found to significantly (p>0.05)  increase in treatments with tithonia mulch. The best result was from the application rate 6 tha-1 because it improved and left the soil conserved after harvesting maize. Similar trends were observed at the two sites despite variation in inherent soil properties.

scholarly journals Estimation of water retention and availability in soils of Rio Grande do Sul

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1547-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Miguel Reichert ◽  
Jackson Adriano Albuquerque ◽  
Douglas Rodrigo Kaiser ◽  
Dalvan José Reinert ◽  
Felipe Lavarda Urach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Pedotransfer Functions ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Available Water Capacity ◽  
Plant Available Water

Dispersed information on water retention and availability in soils may be compiled in databases to generate pedotransfer functions. The objectives of this study were: to generate pedotransfer functions to estimate soil water retention based on easily measurable soil properties; to evaluate the efficiency of existing pedotransfer functions for different geographical regions for the estimation of water retention in soils of Rio Grande do Sul (RS); and to estimate plant-available water capacity based on soil particle-size distribution. Two databases were set up for soil properties, including water retention: one based on literature data (725 entries) and the other with soil data from an irrigation scheduling and management system (239 entries). From the literature database, pedotransfer functions were generated, nine pedofunctions available in the literature were evaluated and the plant-available water capacity was calculated. The coefficient of determination of some pedotransfer functions ranged from 0.56 to 0.66. Pedotransfer functions generated based on soils from other regions were not appropriate for estimating the water retention for RS soils. The plant-available water content varied with soil texture classes, from 0.089 kg kg-1 for the sand class to 0.191 kg kg-1 for the silty clay class. These variations were more related to sand and silt than to clay content. The soils with a greater silt/clay ratio, which were less weathered and with a greater quantity of smectite clay minerals, had high water retention and plant-available water capacity.

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