scholarly journals QVigourMap: A GIS Open Source Application for the Creation of Canopy Vigour Maps

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
Lia Duarte ◽  
Ana Cláudia Teodoro ◽  
Joaquim J. Sousa ◽  
Luís Pádua
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Vegetation Monitoring ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Monitoring Process ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

In a precision agriculture context, the amount of geospatial data available can be difficult to interpret in order to understand the crop variability within a given terrain parcel, raising the need for specific tools for data processing and analysis. This is the case for data acquired from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), in which the high spatial resolution along with data from several spectral wavelengths makes data interpretation a complex process regarding vegetation monitoring. Vegetation Indices (VIs) are usually computed, helping in the vegetation monitoring process. However, a crop plot is generally composed of several non-crop elements, which can bias the data analysis and interpretation. By discarding non-crop data, it is possible to compute the vigour distribution for a specific crop within the area under analysis. This article presents QVigourMaps, a new open source application developed to generate useful outputs for precision agriculture purposes. The application was developed in the form of a QGIS plugin, allowing the creation of vigour maps, vegetation distribution maps and prescription maps based on the combination of different VIs and height information. Multi-temporal data from a vineyard plot and a maize field were used as case studies in order to demonstrate the potential and effectiveness of the QVigourMaps tool. The presented application can contribute to making the right management decisions by providing indicators of crop variability, and the outcomes can be used in the field to apply site-specific treatments according to the levels of vigour.

Low-Power FPGA Architecture Based Monitoring Applications in Precision Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Amine Saddik ◽  
Rachid Latif ◽  
Abdelhafid El Ouardi
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Fields ◽  
Vegetation Monitoring ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Monitoring Applications ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
On Chip ◽  
The Right ◽  
Power And Energy ◽  
Monitoring Algorithm

Today’s on-chip systems technology has grounded impressive advances in computing power and energy consumption. The choice of the right architecture depends on the application. In our case, we were studying vegetation monitoring algorithms in precision agriculture. This study presents a system based on a monitoring algorithm for agricultural fields, an electronic architecture based on a CPU-FPGA SoC system and the OpenCL parallel programming paradigm. We focused our study on our own dataset of agricultural fields to validate the results. The fields studied in our case are in the Guelmin-Oued noun region in the south of Morocco. These fields are divided into two areas, with a total surface of 3.44 Ha2 for the first field and 3.73 Ha2 for the second. The images were collected using a DJI-type unmanned aerial vehicle and an RGB camera. Performance evaluation showed that the system could process up to 86 fps versus 12 fps or 20 fps in C/C++ and OpenMP implementations, respectively. Software optimizations have increased the performance to 107 fps, which meets real-time constraints.

Free and Open Source Software Movements as Agents of an Alternative Use of Copyright Law

2017 ◽  
pp. 253-270
Author(s):  
Pedro Pina
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Digital Network ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Access To Knowledge ◽  
The Right ◽  
Collaboration Platforms

Digital technology produced a move from a performative model to a player-as producer paradigm since it has potentiated user-generated transformative uses of intellectual works. In fact, sharing, sampling, remixing and creating new derivative content through digital network collaboration platforms are today pillars of the so-called “age of remix”. However, when unauthorized, such activities may constitute copyright infringement since the making available right and the right to make new derivative works are exclusive rights granted by copyright law. A restrictive exercise of exclusive rights may hinder the implementation of online platforms envisioned to facilitate access to knowledge and to potentiate the creation of new works. The present chapter analyzes the creation the importance of online communities of practice using free/open source software licenses like GNU GPL or Creative Commons Licenses as agents of an alternative and less rigid exercise of the powers granted by copyright law in favor of a freer system of creation and dissemination of creative works in the digital world.

scholarly journals Multi-Temporal Sentinel-2 Data in Classification of Mountain Vegetation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 2696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martyna Wakulińska ◽  
Adriana Marcinkowska-Ochtyra
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Vegetation Monitoring ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Mountain Vegetation ◽  
Sentinel 2

The electromagnetic spectrum registered via satellite remote sensing methods became a popular data source that can enrich traditional methods of vegetation monitoring. The European Space Agency Sentinel-2 mission, thanks to its spatial (10–20 m) and spectral resolution (12 spectral bands registered in visible-, near-, and mid-infrared spectrum) and primarily its short revisit time (5 days), helps to provide reliable and accurate material for the identification of mountain vegetation. Using the support vector machines (SVM) algorithm and reference data (botanical map of non-forest vegetation, field survey data, and high spatial resolution images) it was possible to classify eight vegetation types of Giant Mountains: bogs and fens, deciduous shrub vegetation, forests, grasslands, heathlands, subalpine tall forbs, subalpine dwarf pine scrubs, and rock and scree vegetation. Additional variables such as principal component analysis (PCA) bands and selected vegetation indices were included in the best classified dataset. The results of the iterative classification, repeated 100 times, were assessed as approximately 80% median overall accuracy (OA) based on multi-temporal datasets composed of images acquired through the vegetation growing season (from late spring to early autumn 2018), better than using a single-date scene (70%–72% OA). Additional variables did not significantly improve the results, showing the importance of spectral and temporal information themselves. Our study confirms the possibility of fully available data for the identification of mountain vegetation for management purposes and protection within national parks.

scholarly journals The creation of vegetation indices for the needs of precision agriculture by means of MathCad

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
N. A. Pasichnyk ◽  
◽  
V. P. Lysenko ◽  
O. O. Opryshko ◽  
V. O. Miroshnyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
The Creation

Penitentiary Tutors’ Activities with Muslims Prisoners. Between Uniformisation and Identity Shaping

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Urbanek
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

This article discusses securing the right to respect for one's own religion, identity, and culture. However, it confronts them with penitentiary practice in Polish organizational and legal conditions. There emerges an interesting space for analysing different tendencies to uniformize the conditions of punishment and protection of individualization. Not only are procedural issues involved, but, above all, the mentality and attitudes presented by penitentiary officers. The deliberations are focused on a kind of conflict between yielding under the demands of a different culture and the resistance of prison staff against respecting them. Presented conclusions are the results of field research among penitentiary officers in Poland, but they all start a discussion on the creation of penitentiary policy in this area, especially in countries with poor experience in working with Muslims.

THE CHANCELLERY OF CONTRACT AFFAIRS (TO THE HISTORY OF LEGISLATIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATION OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT IN RUSSIA IN PETER THE GREAT’S TIME)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
D.A. REDIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Early History ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Administrative Regulation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Distinct Features

The purpose of the article is to research the history of creation and formation of the Chancellery of Contract Affairs – the first supervisory and regulatory body in the field of public procurement in Russia. The early history of the Contracting Chancellery (1715–1717) can be traced in the context of the development of legislative and administrative regulation of public procurement during the reign of Peter the Great. The institution of public procurement itself, according to the author, is associated with the acquisition of distinct features of the modern state by Russia, which was manifested in the previous time. The immediate impetus for the development of the institution was the reform of the armed forces and the resulting mobilization efforts of the supreme power. The very content of the research predetermined the use of source-based and historical-legal methods. As a result of the study, the author states that the creation of a special body – the Chancellery of Contract Affairs, designed to take control of the situation under state contracts, turned out to be the right decision. The well-coordinated work of the Contracting Chancellery with the Senate, fiscal authorities and investigative bodies led to the creation of a number of important regulatory legal acts, almost ‘from scratch’ forming the legislative basis for the institution of public procurement functioning. The need for further work on the designated topic is noted.

scholarly journals Measuring Canopy Geometric Structure Using Optical Sensors Mounted on Terrestrial Vehicles: A Case Study in Vineyards

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Daniel Queirós da Silva ◽  
André Silva Aguiar ◽  
Filipe Neves dos Santos ◽  
Armando Jorge Sousa ◽  
Danilo Rabino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Sensory Data ◽  
The Right

Smart and precision agriculture concepts require that the farmer measures all relevant variables in a continuous way and processes this information in order to build better prescription maps and to predict crop yield. These maps feed machinery with variable rate technology to apply the correct amount of products in the right time and place, to improve farm profitability. One of the most relevant information to estimate the farm yield is the Leaf Area Index. Traditionally, this index can be obtained from manual measurements or from aerial imagery: the former is time consuming and the latter requires the use of drones or aerial services. This work presents an optical sensing-based hardware module that can be attached to existing autonomous or guided terrestrial vehicles. During the normal operation, the module collects periodic geo-referenced monocular images and laser data. With that data a suggested processing pipeline, based on open-source software and composed by Structure from Motion, Multi-View Stereo and point cloud registration stages, can extract Leaf Area Index and other crop-related features. Additionally, in this work, a benchmark of software tools is made. The hardware module and pipeline were validated considering real data acquired in two vineyards—Portugal and Italy. A dataset with sensory data collected by the module was made publicly available. Results demonstrated that: the system provides reliable and precise data on the surrounding environment and the pipeline is capable of computing volume and occupancy area from the acquired data.

Towards a Fully Open-Source System for Monitoring of Crops with UAVs in Precision Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimosthenis C. Tsouros ◽  
Anastasia Terzi ◽  
Stamatia Bibi ◽  
Fotini Vakouftsi ◽  
Vassilis Pantzios
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Precision Agriculture

scholarly journals An Interactive WebGIS Framework for Coastal Erosion Risk Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Alessandra Capolupo ◽  
Cristina Monterisi ◽  
Alessandra Saponieri ◽  
Fabio Addona ◽  
Leonardo Damiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Web Mapping ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Interactive Interface ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
User Friendly

The Italian coastline stretches over about 8350 km, with 3600 km of beaches, representing a significant resource for the country. Natural processes and anthropic interventions keep threatening its morphology, moulding its shape and triggering soil erosion phenomena. Thus, many scholars have been focusing their work on investigating and monitoring shoreline instability. Outcomes of such activities can be largely widespread and shared with expert and non-expert users through Web mapping. This paper describes the performances of a WebGIS prototype designed to disseminate the results of the Italian project Innovative Strategies for the Monitoring and Analysis of Erosion Risk, known as the STIMARE project. While aiming to include the entire national coastline, three study areas along the regional coasts of Puglia and Emilia Romagna have already been implemented as pilot cases. This WebGIS was generated using Free and Open-Source Software for Geographic information systems (FOSS4G). The platform was designed by combining Apache http server, Geoserver, as open-source server and PostgreSQL (with PostGIS extension) as database. Pure javascript libraries OpenLayers and Cesium were implemented to obtain a hybrid 2D and 3D visualization. A user-friendly interactive interface was programmed to help users visualize and download geospatial data in several formats (pdf, kml and shp), in accordance with the European INSPIRE directives, satisfying both multi-temporal and multi-scale perspectives.

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