Penitentiary Tutors’ Activities with Muslims Prisoners. Between Uniformisation and Identity Shaping

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Urbanek
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

This article discusses securing the right to respect for one's own religion, identity, and culture. However, it confronts them with penitentiary practice in Polish organizational and legal conditions. There emerges an interesting space for analysing different tendencies to uniformize the conditions of punishment and protection of individualization. Not only are procedural issues involved, but, above all, the mentality and attitudes presented by penitentiary officers. The deliberations are focused on a kind of conflict between yielding under the demands of a different culture and the resistance of prison staff against respecting them. Presented conclusions are the results of field research among penitentiary officers in Poland, but they all start a discussion on the creation of penitentiary policy in this area, especially in countries with poor experience in working with Muslims.

Metodologi Pengeluaran Fatwa di Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Johor

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-88
Author(s):  
Mohd Faez Mohd Shah ◽  
Norhidayah Pauzi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Original Source ◽  
Interview Methods ◽  
The Right

In the discipline of Islamic law research, strong proofing and clear Istinbat method are key pillars in the construction of Islamic law based on the application of the science of usul al-fiqh and maqasid al-shari'ah. However, what happens at the state of Johor’s fatwa institution is the opposite. The fatwa research methods applied by the Fatwa Committee of Johor in resolving current fatwa issues is not based on the right and true discipline of Islamic law research. In fact, current inputs related to fatwa issues are not explicitly stated in the method of determining the law either in the form of reality or scientifically verified. Therefore, this paper will discuss the fatwa procedures undertaken by the Fatwa Committee of Johor based on the methods applied in resolving current issues. The research methodology adopted is library and interview methods. This study shows that fatwa management and production in the state of Johor is placed under the jurisdiction of the Mufti of Johor’s Department. The methods adopted by the Fatwa Committee of Johor covers two methods, namely: internal research methods including literature review through the application of original source and proofs based on syarak. Second: field research method that includes an external review or going to the location of study such as conducting observation, questionnaires and interviews including referrals to specialists of different fields. Maslahah and mafsdah consideration are also implemented by the Fatwa Committee in every fatwa decision based on the standard that meets the interests of maqasid al-shari'ah. Keywords: Metode, fatwa, istinbat, usul al-fiqh, maqasid al-shari’ah ABSTRAK Dalam disiplin penyelidikan hukum Islam, kekuatan pendalilan dan kaedah istinbat yang jelas merupakan tunggak utama dalam pembinaan hukum Islam berasaskan kepada aplikasi ilmu usul al-fiqh dan maqasid al-shari’ah. Namun begitu, apa yang berlaku di institusi fatwa negeri Johor adalah sebaliknya. Kaedah penyelidikan fatwa yang diaplikasi oleh Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Johor dalam menyelesaikan isu fatwa semasa tidak berasaskan kepada disiplin penyelidikan hukum Islam yang tepat dan sebenar. Malahan input-input semasa yang berkaitan dengan isu fatwa juga tidak dinyatakan secara jelas dalam kaedah penentuan hukum sama ada dalam bentuk realiti yang berlaku atau pembuktian secara saintifik. Justeru, kertas kerja ini akan membincangkan prosedur fatwa Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Johor berdasarkan metode-metode yang diaplikasi dalam menyelesaikan isu-isu yang bersifat semasa. Metodologi kajian yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah melalui metode perpustakaan dan metode lapangan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pengurusan dan pengeluaran fatwa di negeri Johor hanya terletak di bawah bidang kuasa Jabatan Mufti Johor. Metode fatwa yang diamalkan oleh Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Johor merangkumi dua metode iaitu pertama, kaedah penyelidikan dalaman yang merangkumi kajian kepustakaan menerusi pengaplikasian dari sumber asas dan dalil-dalil syarak. Kedua, kaedah penyelidikan lapangan yang meliputi kajian luaran atau turun ke lokasi kajian seperti observasi, soal selidik dan temubual dan rujukan kepada pakar dalam bidang yang berlainan. Pertimbangan maslahah dan mafsdah juga dimplementasikan oleh Jawatankuasa Fatwa dalam setiap keputusan fatwanya berasaskan standard yang menepati kepentingan maqasid al-shari’ah. Kata kunci: Metode, fatwa, istinbat, usul al-fiqh, maqasid al-shari’ah

THE CHANCELLERY OF CONTRACT AFFAIRS (TO THE HISTORY OF LEGISLATIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATION OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT IN RUSSIA IN PETER THE GREAT’S TIME)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
D.A. REDIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Early History ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Administrative Regulation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Distinct Features

The purpose of the article is to research the history of creation and formation of the Chancellery of Contract Affairs – the first supervisory and regulatory body in the field of public procurement in Russia. The early history of the Contracting Chancellery (1715–1717) can be traced in the context of the development of legislative and administrative regulation of public procurement during the reign of Peter the Great. The institution of public procurement itself, according to the author, is associated with the acquisition of distinct features of the modern state by Russia, which was manifested in the previous time. The immediate impetus for the development of the institution was the reform of the armed forces and the resulting mobilization efforts of the supreme power. The very content of the research predetermined the use of source-based and historical-legal methods. As a result of the study, the author states that the creation of a special body – the Chancellery of Contract Affairs, designed to take control of the situation under state contracts, turned out to be the right decision. The well-coordinated work of the Contracting Chancellery with the Senate, fiscal authorities and investigative bodies led to the creation of a number of important regulatory legal acts, almost ‘from scratch’ forming the legislative basis for the institution of public procurement functioning. The need for further work on the designated topic is noted.

scholarly journals QVigourMap: A GIS Open Source Application for the Creation of Canopy Vigour Maps

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
Lia Duarte ◽  
Ana Cláudia Teodoro ◽  
Joaquim J. Sousa ◽  
Luís Pádua
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Vegetation Monitoring ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Monitoring Process ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

In a precision agriculture context, the amount of geospatial data available can be difficult to interpret in order to understand the crop variability within a given terrain parcel, raising the need for specific tools for data processing and analysis. This is the case for data acquired from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), in which the high spatial resolution along with data from several spectral wavelengths makes data interpretation a complex process regarding vegetation monitoring. Vegetation Indices (VIs) are usually computed, helping in the vegetation monitoring process. However, a crop plot is generally composed of several non-crop elements, which can bias the data analysis and interpretation. By discarding non-crop data, it is possible to compute the vigour distribution for a specific crop within the area under analysis. This article presents QVigourMaps, a new open source application developed to generate useful outputs for precision agriculture purposes. The application was developed in the form of a QGIS plugin, allowing the creation of vigour maps, vegetation distribution maps and prescription maps based on the combination of different VIs and height information. Multi-temporal data from a vineyard plot and a maize field were used as case studies in order to demonstrate the potential and effectiveness of the QVigourMaps tool. The presented application can contribute to making the right management decisions by providing indicators of crop variability, and the outcomes can be used in the field to apply site-specific treatments according to the levels of vigour.

Păstoritul de pe Valea Argeșului – coordonate spațiale

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 39-70
Author(s):  
Cristian Micu
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Pastoral System ◽  
Spatial Coordinate ◽  
Spatial Coordinates ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Village ◽  
Daily Travel

"Shepherding on Argeș Valley – spatial coordinates This paper presents the essential elements that define the spatial coordinate characteristic of shepherding which is practised in the sub-Carpathian villages on the Argeș Valley, following the documentary attestations of the villages, the genesis and evolution of the village boundaries, the evolution of land ownership and the right to use lands (in condominium or individually). Also within the spatial coordinate, there are researched the traditional ways in which the potential of the rural land fund is highlighted, as a result of its geomorphological, pedological, climatic qualities, etc., the study taking into consideration all the areal types with pastoral potential, not only those on the administrative territory of the villages, but also those in the mountain area destined for summer grazing. If for the presentation of origins, attestations, borderline fixation of the villages from the studied areal, documents, monographic studies and other categories of specialized works have been used, for the understanding of the manner of pastoral, individual and especially collective exploitation of the land fund by the village communities, of valorizing the fodder qualities of the different types of surfaces, it was necessary to carry out field research in the three targeted villages: Albeștii de Argeș, Corbeni and Arefu, all in the Argeș County. The visit of sheepfolds from Lespezi, Lipitoarea, Ciocanu, Podeanu, Oticu, in the alpine hollow of the Făgăraș Mountains, were necessary both for studying some elements related to the spatial coordinate (sheepfold location, daily travel routes, travel routes from the village hearth to the mountains, etc.) as well as for conducting interviews, based on an elaborate questionnaire, interviews generating unique and extremely useful information also for researching the other coordinates of the pastoral system practiced in the area. Keywords: shepherding, Argeș Valley, spatial coordinate, pastoral system, field research "

POLA KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL BAGI KELUARGA BEDA AGAMA DI KECAMATAN KOTA RAJA, KOTA KUPANG

Harmoni ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-143
Author(s):  
Hendrik A.E Lao ◽  
Ezra Tari ◽  
Merensiana Hale
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Communication Effectiveness ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Family ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Family Harmony

This paper focuses on interpersonal communication in interfaith families. Interfaith families are smallunits of society whose members are of different religions. Differences are often a source of conflict between husband and wife, including religion. In the way of life of interfaith couples, different opinions about beliefs cause problems. Differences are still unavoidable in families married to different religions. Religious differences can lead to prolonged conflicts. Although different religions, of course, the family has the right to live in peace and happiness as a family in general. However, it is undeniable that interfaith families cannot last long. Therefore, efforts are needed for families to be able to live with each other accepting differences in terms of different religions. Communication is one of the efforts to maintain family harmony. Lack of communication can cause rifts in the household. The purpose of the study was to describe the effectiveness of interpersonal communication for families of different religions. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach. This approach seeks to find problems and solutions in the field. Research results in interpersonal communication are communication between individuals or between groups. Interpersonal communication will be more effective if the atmosphere is equal. That is, there must be a tacit acknowledgement that both parties are equally valuable and valuable. Husbands and wives have something important to contribute. In an interpersonal relationship characterized by equality, disagreement and conflict are seen as an attempt to understand differences. This communication helps in avoiding and reducing various problems and can share knowledge and experiences with family members. There are five general qualities of interpersonal communication effectiveness for interfaith families: 1) Openness, 2) Empathy, 3) Supportive Attitude, 4) Positive Attitude, 5) Equality.

CRIMINOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CRIMES AIMED AT DISORGANIZING THE ACTIVITIES OF INSTITUTIONS THAT PROVIDE ISOLATION FROM SOCIETY, AND THOSE WHO ARE CONVICTED OF COMMITTING THEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Андрей Владимирович Кулаков ◽  
Ольга Рениславовна Родионова
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
The Creation

В настоящее время создание безопасных условий исполнения и отбывания уголовного наказания в виде лишения свободы, укрепление защищенности сотрудников пенитенциарных учреждений от возможных угроз и опасных посягательств является одной из актуальных задач, стоящих перед уголовно-исполнительной системой. Данная ситуация сложилась в результате современной государственной политики в сфере противодействия преступности, а именно гуманизации наказания, что привело к изменению количественного и качественного состава осужденных, отбывающих наказание в местах лишения свободы, и осложнило оперативную обстановку. В статье отмечается, что несмотря на незначительное количество действий, дезорганизующих работу исправительного учреждения, в структуре пенитенциарной преступности, данные деликты имеют повышенную общественную опасность, так как совершаются в период отбывания наказания, и высокую латентность в силу как объекта (основного, дополнительного и факультативного), так и способа посягательства. Признавая криминологические данные основой для выработки мер противодействия преступности, в том числе пенитенциарной, авторы исследуют показатели одного из видов преступлений, совершаемых в исправительных колониях, - дезорганизация деятельности учреждений, обеспечивающих изоляцию от общества, а также личность преступника. Проведенное исследование позволило дать криминологическую характеристику преступлений, направленных на дезорганизацию деятельности учреждений, обеспечивающих изоляцию от общества, в частности, исправительных учреждений, а также определить особенности личности осужденных, их совершающих. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при разработке теории преступного поведения и личности преступника, в частности, пенитенциарного. Currently, the creation of safe conditions for the execution and serving of criminal sentences in the form of deprivation of liberty, strengthening the protection of prison staff from possible threats and dangerous attacks is one of the urgent tasks facing the penal system. This situation has developed as a result of modern state policy in the field of combating crime, namely, the humanization of punishment, which has led to a change in the quantitative and qualitative composition of convicts serving sentences in places of deprivation of liberty, and has complicated the operational situation. The article notes that despite the small number of actions that disorganize the work of a correctional institution, in the structure of penitentiary crime, these torts have an increased public danger, since they are committed during the period of serving a sentence, and high latency due to both the object (both the main and optional) and the method of encroachment. Recognizing criminological data as the basis for developing measures to counteract crime, including penitentiary, the authors study indicators of one of the types of crimes committed in correctional colonies - disorganization of institutions that provide isolation from society, as well as the identity of the criminal. The research made it possible to give criminological characteristics of crimes aimed at disorganizing the activities of institutions that provide isolation from society, in particular correctional institutions, as well as to determine the personality of the convicted person who commits them.The results of the study can be used in the development of a General theory of criminal behavior and the personality of the criminal, and the penitentiary in particular.

Unfulfilled Promise: Palestinian Family Reunification and the Right of Return

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-39
Author(s):  
Nabila El-Ahmed ◽  
Nadia Abu-Zahra
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Family Reunification ◽  
The State ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Successor State ◽  
Palestinian Refugees ◽  
Right Of Return ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

This article argues that Israel substituted the Palestinian refugees' internationally recognized right of return with a family reunification program during its maneuvering over admission at the United Nations following the creation of the state in May 1948. Israel was granted UN membership in 1949 on the understanding that it would have to comply with legal international requirements to ensure the return of a substantial number of the 750,000 Palestinians dispossessed in the process of establishing the Zionist state, as well as citizenship there as a successor state. However, once the coveted UN membership had been obtained, and armistice agreements signed with neighboring countries, Israel parlayed this commitment into the much vaguer family reunification program, which it proceeded to apply with Kafkaesque absurdity over the next fifty years. As a result, Palestinians made refugees first in 1948, and later in 1967, continue to be deprived of their legally recognized right to return to their homes and their homeland, and the family reunification program remains the unfulfilled promise of the early years of Israeli statehood.

The Emergency Advisory Committee for Political Defense

1944 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-241
Author(s):  
Carl B. Spaeth ◽  
William Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
American Experience ◽  
American States ◽  
Testing Ground ◽  
Pan American ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Right ◽  
American Union

The war and the present preoccupation with post-war plans have brought about a general awareness of the fact that the Americas have been a testing ground for the orderly organization of relations among sovereign states, especially in the development of cooperative principles and techniques. The construction of a political organization within which these principles and techniques could be consolidated has not, however, characterized the American experience. The Pan American Union, for example, is expressly denied the right to consider political or controversial questions, and proposals for the creation of a “league” or “association” of American states has met with courteous but definite coolness.

scholarly journals The Royal Institution in Ancient Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Jafar Aghazadeh ◽  
Hasan Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Right

<p>In the thoughts and beliefs of Iranians, kingdom has had a history of the creation of human beings on the earth. Accordingly, Iranians believe that the first creature and human being on the earth was the first king of Iran. Iranians connects the history of their mythical royal dynasties to the creation of humanity. For Iranians, the mythical kings of Iran are the creators of the royal institution and the functions and duties of the royal institution have been established, developed and transferred to next generations by the measures of these kings. The objective of the present study is to investigate the establishment of the royal institution and the development of royal institution in ancient Iran by a descriptive-analytical method. The findings indicate that Iranians had specific sacredness for their kings and called the first creature of Ahura Mazda as the King. In addition, they believed that kings should perform particular tasks whose formation was attributed to the mythical kings of Iran. Further, they believed that only those persons had the right of being a king who were from the race of kings and were approved by Ahura Mazda. to examine Lessing’s elucidation of authentic knowledge in <em>Shikasta</em>. The methodology appropriated in the paper entails depiction of visible world as an illusion of the Real pointed in Plato’s allegory of Cave and Nagarjuna’s Mundane Truth. We clarify emotion as the main motivator of such illusionary status stressed in both Plato and Nagarjuna’s thoughts. We argue that while the importance of reason and eradicating emotion cannot be ignored, what adjoins people to Truth is mindfulness and intuitive knowledge which is close to Nagarjuna’s non-dual patterns. By examining ordinary life as the illusion of Real, and emotion as the main obstacle to achieve the Truth emphasized in both Nagarjuna and Plato’s trends, we depart from other critics who undermine the eminence of essentialist trace in Lessing’s works and examine her approach towards Truth merely under postmodern lens. This departure is significant since we clarify while essentialism has been abandoned to a large extent and supporters of Plato have become scarce, amalgamation of his thoughts with spiritual trends opens a fresh way to earn authenticity in Lessing’s novel. </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Piper caninum blume leaf extract and compost to suppress blast disease and increase the production of bali red rice (oryza sativa) in green house

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Suriani
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

The parameters developed in organic farming are the use of vegetable pesticides and compost and liquid organic fertilizer. Some research has been done but it needs deeper research to get the right product. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibitory activity of Piper caninum extract against the fungus Pyricuaria oryzae causing blast disease in rice, and to find out how much the impact of compost on increased crop yield after being combined with the extract. This research is a field research located in the village of Senganan, Penebel Tabanan Bali. With the following treatment Fo = control (100% soil). F1 = (soil 90% + compost 10% + extract 0.5%). F2 = (soil 80% + compost 20% + extract 1%) F3 = (soil 70% + 30% + extract 1.5%). F4 = (soil 60% + compost 40% + 2% extract), do repeat 4 times. The results showed that P. caninum extract effectively inhibited blast disease and could reduce the intensity of blast disease. The combination with compost can significantly increase yields (67.62%), reduce empty grains, and increase rice size.

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