scholarly journals Effect of Soil-Applied L-tryptophan on the Amount of Biomass and Nitrogen and Sulfur Utilization by Maize

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2582
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Gondek ◽  
Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Yield And Quality

As natural plant growth stimulators, amino acids are widely used to improve crop yield and quality. There are numerous studies documenting the influence of amino acids on plants, which is not always positive. This study was conducted to determine the effect of soil-applied L-tryptophan (L-TRP) on the accumulation and utilization of nitrogen and sulfur by maize. The study was carried out under the conditions of a pot experiment. The experimental design included three treatments: soil without fertilization (control), soil with mineral fertilization (NPKS), and soil with mineral fertilization and L-tryptophan addition (NPKS + L-TRP). The application of tryptophan to the soil, supported by mineral fertilization, caused a significant increase in maize biomass. Although no significant differences in nitrogen and sulfur contents in maize biomass were found between treatments without and with the addition of L-tryptophan, significantly higher intakes of both elements were observed in the NPKS + L-TRP treatment. The application of L-tryptophan increased the biosynthesis of Chlorophyll a. Utilization of nitrogen and sulfur by maize in the NPKS + L-TRP treatment was more than 27% and 17% higher, respectively, compared to the NPKS treatment. Maintaining the recommended contents of individual nutrients in the rhizosphere is not a guarantee of optimal quantitative and qualitative intake of nutrients. Problems with maintaining optimal relationships between individual nutrients may be compounded by soil properties.

scholarly journals Exogenous Application of Amino Acids Improves the Growth and Yield of Lettuce by Enhancing Photosynthetic Assimilation and Nutrient Availability

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumaila Khan ◽  
Hongjun Yu ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Yinan Gao ◽  
Basheer Noman Sallam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Plant Area ◽  
Butterhead Lettuce ◽  
Photosynthetic Assimilation

As natural plant growth stimulators, amino acids are widely used to improve the yield and quality of crops. Several studies have illustrated the effects of different amino acids on lettuce plant parts. However, the effects of applying single amino acids on root growth remain elusive. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of root application of L-methionine on the growth of lettuce. In this study, two successive experiments on butterhead lettuce were conducted under hydroponic conditions. Three amino acids, L-methionine (20 mg/L), L-glycine (210 mg/L), and L-tryptophan (220 mg/L), were applied separately. L-methionine significantly increased the growth performance by 23.60%, whereas growth using L-tryptophan and L-glycine decreased by 98.78% and 27.45%, respectively. Considering the results of the first experiment, a second experiment was established with different concentrations of L-methionine (2200 mg/L, 220 mg/L, 22 mg/L, 2.2 mg/L, 0.2 mg/L, and 0.02 mg/L). The plants were allowed to grow for four weeks. Leaf width, plant area, leaf area, chlorophyll contents, etc., were evaluated. The results show that plant growth significantly improved by applying L-methionine at the lowest concentrations of 0.2 mg/L and 0.02 mg/L, which can, therefore, improve hydroponic production of lettuce and, accordingly, human nutrition.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF NPK MINERALS AND BIOSTIMULANTS ON THE GROWTH, YIELD, AND FRUIT NUTRITIONAL VALUE IN CV. ‘ŠAMPION’ APPLE TREES GROWING ON DIFFERENT ROOTSTOCKS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kiczorowski
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Microbial Product ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Plant Amino Acids

The study was conducted in 2015–2017 to assess the influence of rootstocks on the growth and fruiting of apple trees of cv.‘Šampion’ cultivated on rootstocks M26, P2. M9, and P22 with the following treatments: mineral fertilization (NPK), nano-concentrations of elements (Fe, Co, Al, Mg, Mn, Ni, Ag), natural chicken manure fertiliser, humus, microbial product, plant amino acids, and stillage yeasts. ‘Šampion’ apple trees grew vigorously on rootstocks M26 and P2 when humus and microbiological biostimulants were applied, especially in terms of the shoot diameter and TCSA. The best fruit yield and quality parameters were obtained in apple trees growing on rootstocks M9 and M26 fertilised with microbiological biostimulants and formulations containing plant amino acids. Apples with the highest concentration of nutrients, in particular minerals, were harvested from trees growing on rootstocks M9 and P22 and stimulated with nanoparticle mineral preparations and humus formulations.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Berbagai Bahan ZPT Alami untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Bibit Kemiri Sunan (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw)

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/1307 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Kurniati ◽  
Tini Sudartini ◽  
Dikdik Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Bamboo Shoot ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Germination And Growth

Candlenut cv. Sunan is alternative biofuels plant also as raw of many industrial products. Its hard pulp seed becomes barrier of germination. This condition can be overcome by  giving natural plant growth regulators (PGRs), i,e shallot as auxin source, bamboo shoot as gibberellin source, banana bulb and coconut water as sources of cytokinin. The research aim was knowing effect of various PGRs and their combinations to promote germination and growth of seedling candlenut cv Sunan. The research was done from June to October 2016, in experimental design of Randomized Block Design (RBD), consisted of : a0 : control (without PGRs); a1 : shallot (BM); a2 : bamboo shoot (RB); a3: banana bulb (BP);  a4 : coconut water (AK); a5 : BM+ RB; a6 : BM + BP; a7 : BM + AK; a8 : RB+ BP;  a9 : RB + AK;  a10  : BP + AK;  a11 : BM + RB + BP + AK, all repeated three times. The result showed that application of natural PGRs had significant effect on germination percentage, plant height on 30 days after planting (dap), 37 dap, 44 dap, and 51 dap,  number of leaves 51 dap. Application of BP + AK gave the best effect on germination (97.78%), but no significant different with RB + BP; BM + RB + BP + AK. Application of BP + AK generated highest plant (13.57 cm). The best of the number of leaves was RB + AK (1.45 leaves). Overall application of natural PGRs from banana bulb + coconut water gave the best effect, besides bamboo shoot and shallot have opportunity to be developed.

scholarly journals Combined biochar and organic waste have little effect on chemical soil properties and plant growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Ângelo Rodrigues ◽  
Tais Garmus ◽  
Margarida Arrobas ◽  
Alexandre Gonçalves ◽  
Ermelinda Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Olive Mill

Biochar has received great attention as a soil conditioner since it can potentially sequester carbon (C) in soil, enhance soil physical, chemical and biological properties and improve crop productivity.</span></span><span lang="EN"> </span><span class="tlid-translation"><span lang="EN">This study reports the results of a pot experiment with olive (<em>Olea europaea</em> L.), carried out in an acidic and clay loam textured soil, and cultivated during two growing seasons under eight fertilization treatments. They included mineral fertilization equivalent to a rate of 100 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> of N, P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and K<sub>2</sub>O (NPK), biochar applied at a rate of 10 (B10), and at 20 (B20) t biochar ha<sup>-1</sup>, biochar-NPK mixture (B10+NPK), biochar-waste mixtures with mushroom waste compost (B10+MWC), olive mill waste (B10 + OMW), and municipal solid waste (B10+MSW), the organic materials applied at a rate of 20 t ha<sup>-1</sup>, together with a treatment without fertilization (control).</span><span lang="EN"> </span><span lang="EN">Biochar in the B20 treatment increased the soil C content in comparison to the control. Biochar in the B10+NPK treatment reduced soil nitrate levels compared to NPK treatment. No other benefits to soil properties, nutrient uptake or plant growth were observed with the use of biochar or any positive synergistic effect with the mixture of biochar with the other organic amendments. MSW, OMW and MWC tended to increase soil pH in comparison to the control.</span><span lang="EN"> </span><span lang="EN">Most of the studies with biochar were carried out in soils with edaphic limitations or harsh environmental conditions limiting plant growth, which may have facilitated the detection of favorable effects. Under less limited soils or stressful conditions for plants, such as the ones established in this experiment, the benefits of using biochar were poor.

Controlled traffic to increase productivity of irrigated row crops in the semi-arid tropics

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 503 ◽  
Author(s):  
MV Braunack ◽  
JE McPhee ◽  
DJ Reid
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Lateral Spread ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Seedbed Preparation ◽  
Cone Index ◽  
Controlled Traffic

The tropical environment generally allows 2 crops/year to be grown. Controlled traffic has been suggested as a means of improving soil conditions, which may also lead to increased crop yield. A field trial at Millaroo Research Station, North Queensland, on a cracking clay (Entic Chromustert) studied the effect of controlled traffic (in conjunction with direct drilling and tillage) and conventional ridging on soil properties and crop yield. Maize (Zea mays L. cv. Hybrid 50) was grown as the winter crop and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Canapolis] as the summer crop. With few exceptions, there was no significant difference between any pair of treatments in sowing line water content, bulk density, aggregate size distribution, seedling emergence, mean time of seedling emergence, and final yield. Differences that did occur between crop cycles were due to climatic variation. Cone index measurements indicated no lateral spread of compaction from the traffic lanes in the controlled traffic system to the soil in the plant growth area. Under the ridged area, however, it appeared that a plough pan began to develop just below the depth of tillage. Although no marked benefit in soil properties or plant yield resulted from controlled traffic, it was possible to grow 2 crops/year for the duration of the experiment. In one season, only the controlled traffic treatments could be planted, due to unsuitable conditions for seedbed preparation. Double cropping under conventional cultivation systems is unreliable, due to the limited opportunity for seedbed preparation at the beginning of the wet season and the large number (up to 8) of operations required to prepare a seedbed. Controlled traffic, restricting soil compaction to the traffic lanes, is a system that helps to maintain a zone more favourable for plant growth, as indicated by the cone index measurements.

Performance of two combine harvester header in soybean crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
E. M. Samogim ◽  
T. C. Oliveira ◽  
Z. N. Figueiredo ◽  
J. M. B. Vanini
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
The Other ◽  
Combine Data ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
And Performance

The combine harvest for soybean crops market are currently available two types of combine with header or platform, one of conventional with revolving reel with metal or plastic teeth to cause the cut crop to fall into the auger header and the other called "draper" headers that use a fabric or rubber apron instead of a cross auger, there are few test about performance of this combine header for soybean in Mato Grosso State. The aim of this work was to evaluate the soybean harvesting quantitative losses and performance using two types combine header in four travel speed. The experiment was conducted during soybean crops season 2014/15, the farm Tamboril in the municipality of Pontes e Lacerda, State of Mato Grosso. The was used the experimental design of randomized blocks, evaluating four forward harvesting speeds (4 km h-1, 5 km h-1, 6 km h-1 and 7 km h-1), the natural crops losses were analyzed, loss caused by the combine harvester (combine header, internal mechanisms and total losses) and was also estimated the  field performance of each combine. Data were submitted to analysis of variance by F test and compared of the average by Tukey test at 5% probability. The results show the draper header presents a smaller amount of total loss and in most crop yield when compared with the conventional cross auger.

Effects of fluoride on soil properties and yield and quality of maize

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 897-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu CUI ◽  
Xiao-Dong WANG ◽  
Wen-Hua FAN ◽  
Jian-Ming WANG ◽  
Ke-Yong CUI
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Yield And Quality
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