Domestication and Spread of Broomcorn Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) Revealed by Phylogeography of Cultivated and Weedy Populations

Cultivated broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), one of the most ancient crops, has long been an important staple food in the semiarid regions of Eurasia. Weedy broomcorn millet (Panicum ruderale (Kitag.) Chang comb. Nov.), the companion weed of cultivated broomcorn millet, is also widely distributed throughout Eurasia and can produce fertile offspring by crossing with cultivated broomcorn millet. The evolutionary and genetic relationships between weedy and cultivated broomcorn millets, and the explicit domestication areas and detailed spread routes of this cereal are still unclear. The genetic diversity and population structure of 200 accessions of weedy and cultivated broomcorn millets were explored to elucidate the genetic relationship between weedy and cultivated broomcorn millets, and to trace the explicit domestication areas and detailed spread routes of broomcorn millets by using 23 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. Our results show that the weedy populations in China may harbor the ancestral variations that gave rise to the domesticated broomcorn millet. The population structure pattern observed in the wild and domesticated broomcorn millets is consistent with the hypothesis that there may be at least two independent domestication areas in China for the cultivated broomcorn millet, the Loess Plateau and the Northeast China, with both following the westward spread routes. These two westward spread routes of cultivated broomcorn millet coincide exactly with the prehistoric Oasis Route and Steppe Route, respectively.

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A new natural hybrid of Rosa (Rosaceae) from Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.245.3.3 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 245 (3) ◽

pp. 207 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mustafa Korkmaz ◽

Ali Kandemir ◽

Nalan Yıldırım Doğan

Keyword(s):

Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Natural Hybrid ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

In The Wild ◽

Simple Sequence

In this study, Rosa × ozcelikii Korkmaz & Kandemir is described as a new natural hybrid between Rosa villosa subsp. mollis and R. hemisphaerica from material collected in Erzincan province (Turkey). It was compared with closely related species using morphological data. In addition, genetic relationships of the new hybrid with the putative parental taxa were determined by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Properties of soils in which the new hybrid grows in the wild are also presented.

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The efficient use of radiation, water, and nitrogen uptake by low-nitrogen-tolerant broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) increased grain yield in the Loess Plateau, China

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ◽

10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108616 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 308-309 ◽

pp. 108616

Author(s):

Chunjuan Liu ◽

Xiangwei Gong ◽

Ke Dang ◽

Panpan Zhang ◽

Qinghua Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Loess Plateau ◽

Nitrogen Uptake ◽

Panicum Miliaceum ◽

The Loess Plateau ◽

Broomcorn Millet ◽

Low Nitrogen

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Assessing genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow in the Korean red bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi] using SSR markers

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262112000019 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 74-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kim Banni ◽

Kyaw Thu Moe ◽

Yong-Jin Park

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Vigna Angularis ◽

Simple Sequence Repeat Markers ◽

Breeding Programmes ◽

Small Bean ◽

Red Bean ◽

Simple Sequence

Red bean, also known as azuki bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi], belongs to a group of legumes (family Fabaceae). The name azuki is a transliteration of the native Japanese name from the Chinese word Shōzu, which means small bean. In Korea, it is known as pat. In total, 178 red bean accessions were taken to analyse the genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow using 39 polymorphic simple sequence repeat markers. A total of 431 alleles were detected, with an average of 11 alleles per locus, among the 178 tested red bean accessions. Forty-six specific alleles were identified with 20 loci. Locus CEDG090 had the highest number (n = 22) of alleles, whereas only two alleles were observed at loci CEDG144 and CEDC018. The proportion of different alleles for microsatellite loci was analysed using a microsatellite toolkit. In locus CEDG029, one allele was shared in all the three groups of varieties and species, and three alleles were shared between the wild ancestors and cultivated varieties, while in locus CEDG090, one allele was shared in all the three groups and 12 alleles were shared between the wild ancestors and cultivated varieties. Our findings describe the genetic relationships and population structure of the red bean in Korea and will be useful for designing effective breeding programmes and broadening the genetic base of commercial varieties. Moreover, the results demonstrate substantial gene flow from the red bean to nearby wild relatives in a given region.

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Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Broomcorn Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) Cultivars and Landraces in China Based on Microsatellite Markers

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms17030370 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 370 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Minxuan Liu ◽

Yue Xu ◽

Jihong He ◽

Shuang Zhang ◽

Yinyue Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Panicum Miliaceum ◽

Broomcorn Millet

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Mining and validation of novel genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)-based simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and their application for the estimation of the genetic diversity and population structure of coconuts (Cocos nucifera L.) in Thailand

Horticulture Research ◽

10.1038/s41438-020-00374-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kanamon Riangwong ◽

Samart Wanchana ◽

Wanchana Aesomnuk ◽

Chatree Saensuk ◽

Phakchana Nubankoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Ssr Markers ◽

Molecular Breeding ◽

Reference Genome ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Genotyping By Sequencing ◽

Phylogenetic Tree Analysis ◽

Simple Sequence

Abstract Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is an important economic crop in tropical countries. However, the lack of a complete reference genome and the limitations of usable DNA markers hinder genomic studies and the molecular breeding of coconut. Here, we present the results of simple sequence repeat (SSR) mining from a high-throughput genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) study of a collection of 38 coconut accessions. A total of 22,748 SSRs with di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexanucleotide repeats of five or more were identified, 2451 of which were defined as polymorphic loci based on locus clustering in 38 coconut accessions, and 315 loci were suitable for the development of SSR markers. One hundred loci were selected, and primer pairs for each SSR locus were designed and validated in 40 coconut accessions. The analysis of 74 polymorphic markers identified between 2 and 9 alleles per locus, with an average of 3.01 alleles. The assessment of the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among the 40 coconut varieties based on the analysis of population structure, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), and phylogenetic tree analysis using the 74 polymorphic SSR markers revealed three main groups of coconuts in Thailand. The identified SSR loci and SSR markers developed in this study will be useful for the study of coconut diversity and molecular breeding. The SSR mining approach used in this study could be applied to other plant species with a complex genome regardless of the availability of reference genome.

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Genetic Divergence and Population Structure in Weedy and Cultivated Broomcorn Millets (Panicum miliaceum L.) Revealed by Specific-Locus Amplified Fragment Sequencing (SLAF-Seq)

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.688444 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Chunxiang Li ◽

Minxuan Liu ◽

Fengjie Sun ◽

Xinyu Zhao ◽

Mingyue He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Structure ◽

Genetic Divergence ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Genetic Introgression ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Panicum Miliaceum ◽

Broomcorn Millet ◽

Specific Locus ◽

Western Eurasia

Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is one of the earliest domesticated crops in the world. Weedy broomcorn millet [Panicum ruderale (Kitag.) Chang or Panicum miliaceum subsp. ruderale (Kitag.) Tzvel] is thought to be the descendant of the wild ancestor or the feral type of this cereal. The genealogical relationships and genetic divergence among these taxa have not been clarified. In this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of weedy and cultivated broomcorn millets were investigated by using the high-throughput sequencing technology, i.e., the specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq). Our analyses consistently revealed both the wild and the feral genotypes in the weedy broomcorn millets. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the genomic level provided useful evidence to distinguish the wild and the endoferal/exoferal types of weedy broomcorn millets. The genetic divergence revealed between the cultivated broomcorn millet from eastern Eurasia and those from central-western Eurasia was probably derived from either the genetic introgression from weedy broomcorn millets along the spread routes or the founder effect, while the limited gene flow of broomcorn millets from eastern and central-western Eurasia was probably due to the different uses of broomcorn millets and eating habits of the local people.

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