scholarly journals Effect of Soybean Oil and Fish Oil on Lipid-Related Transcripts in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez ◽  
Massimo Bionaz ◽  
Macarena Garrido-Sartore ◽  
Nathaly Cancino-Padilla ◽  
María Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
And Control ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of long-term supplementation of unsaturated oil on lipid metabolism and transcription of genes involved in lipid metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of mid-lactating dairy cows. The objective was achieved by supplementing dairy cows with soybean oil (SO; high in linoleic acid) or fish oil (FO; high in EPA and DHA) for 63 days (nine weeks). Cows were fed a control diet with no added lipid, or diets containing SO or FO (n = 5 cows/group). At the onset of the experiment (day 0) and on days 21, 42, and 63 of supplementation, blood and SAT samples were collected from each animal. Oil supplementation increased cholesterol and NEFA in plasma, with a greater effect of SO compared to FO. Concentration of BUN was lower in SO compared to control and FO at the end of the trial. Transcription of few genes was affected by dietary lipids: FABP4 had lowest expression in FO followed by SO and control. ACACA and FASN had higher expression in FO. Transcription of SCAP was higher but expression of INSIG1 was lower in SO. Overall, results revealed that compared to control, SO and FO had lipogenic effect in SAT.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Dietary Olive Oil and Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil on Expression of Lipogenic Genes in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Dairy Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez ◽  
Massimo Bionaz ◽  
Pietro Sciarresi-Arechabala ◽  
Nathaly Cancino-Padilla ◽  
María Sol Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Lipogenic Genes ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil

The objective of this study was to characterize the long-term transcriptomic effects of lipogenic genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of dairy cows supplemented with unsaturated (olive oil; OO) and saturated (hydrogenated vegetable oil; HVO) lipids. Cows were fed a control diet with no added lipid, or diets containing OO or HVO (n = 5 cows/group) for 63 days. SAT was obtained from the tail-head area at the onset of the study and after 21, 42, and 63 days of supplementation. Treatments had minor effects on expression of measured genes. Both fat supplements reduced expression of PPARG, HVO decreased transcription of the desaturase FADS2 and lipid droplet formation PLIN2, and OO increased transcription of FABP3. Both lipid treatments decreased expression of the transcription regulator SREBF1 and its chaperone (SCAP) during the first 21 days of treatment. Our data indicated that long-term feeding of OO and HVO have a relatively mild effect on expression of lipogenic genes in SAT of mid-lactating cows.

scholarly journals 287 Effects of copper hydroxychloride on growth performance and abundance of genes involved in lipid metabolism of growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 106-106
Author(s):  
Charmaine Espinosa ◽  
Robert Scott Fry ◽  
Matthew Kocher ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that Cu hydroxychloride (IntelliBond CII, Micronutrients, LLC, Indianapolis, IN) improves growth performance by upregulating the mRNA transcription of genes involved in lipid metabolism of pigs. Thirty-two pigs (15.05 ± 0.98 kg) were allotted to 2 dietary treatments with 2 pigs per pen for a total of 8 replicate pens per treatment. Pigs were fed a control diet based on corn, soybean meal, and distillers dried grains with solubles that included Cu to meet the requirement. A second diet was formulated by adding 150 mg Cu/kg from Cu hydroxychloride to the control diet. On the last day of the experiment, one pig per pen was sacrificed and samples from liver, skeletal muscle, and subcutaneous adipose tissue were collected to analyze relative mRNA abundance of genes involved in lipid metabolism. Data were analyzed using SAS with pen as the experimental unit. Diet was the fixed effect and replicate was the random effect. Results indicated that overall average daily gain and gain:feed were greater (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the diet containing Cu hydroxychloride compared with pigs fed the control diet (Table 1). Pigs fed the diet supplemented with Cu hydroxychloride had increased (P < 0.05) abundance of cluster of differentiation 36 in liver and increased (P < 0.05) abundance of fatty acid binding protein 4 and lipoprotein lipase in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Inclusion of Cu hydroxychloride also tended to increase (P < 0.10) abundance of fatty acid binding protein 1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 B in liver, skeletal muscle, and subcutaneous adipose tissue, respectively. In conclusion, supplementation of Cu hydroxychloride to the control diet improved growth performance and may affect signaling pathways associated with lipid metabolism by upregulating abundance of some genes involved in post-absorptive metabolism of lipids.

scholarly journals Effects of copper hydroxychloride on growth performance and abundance of genes involved in lipid metabolism of growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmaine D Espinosa ◽  
R Scott Fry ◽  
Matthew E Kocher ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that copper (Cu) hydroxychloride improves growth performance by upregulating the mRNA transcription of genes involved in lipid metabolism of pigs fed a diet based on corn, soybean meal (SBM), and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Thirty-two pigs (15.05 ± 0.98 kg) were allotted to 2 dietary treatments with 2 pigs per pen for a total of 8 replicate pens per treatment. Pigs were fed a corn–SBM–DDGS control diet that included Cu to meet the requirement. A second diet was formulated by adding 150 mg Cu/kg from copper hydroxychloride to the control diet. On the last day of the experiment, one pig per pen was sacrificed, and samples from liver, skeletal muscle, and subcutaneous adipose tissue were collected to analyze relative mRNA abundance of genes involved in lipid metabolism. Results indicated that overall ADG and G:F were greater (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the diet containing copper hydroxychloride compared with pigs fed the control diet. Pigs fed the diet supplemented with copper hydroxychloride also had increased (P < 0.05) abundance of cluster of differentiation 36 in the liver and increased (P < 0.05) abundance of fatty acid-binding protein 4 and lipoprotein lipase in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Inclusion of copper hydroxychloride also tended to increase (P < 0.10) the abundance of fatty acid-binding protein 1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B in the liver, skeletal muscle, and subcutaneous adipose tissue, respectively. This indicates that dietary Cu may affect signaling pathways associated with lipid metabolism by improving the uptake, transport, and utilization of fatty acids. In conclusion, supplementation of copper hydroxychloride to the control diet improved growth performance and upregulated the abundance of some genes involved in postabsorptive metabolism of lipids.

Lipid metabolism and cellular features of skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue in pigs differing in IGF-II genotype

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Gardan ◽  
Florence Gondret ◽  
Karijn Van den Maagdenberg ◽  
Nadine Buys ◽  
Stefaan De Smet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals Changes in the MicroRNA Profile Observed in the Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Obese Patients after Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Nardelli ◽  
Laura Iaffaldano ◽  
Vincenzo Pilone ◽  
Giuseppe Labruna ◽  
Maddalena Ferrigno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gastric Banding ◽  
Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adjustable Gastric Banding ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanism ◽  
Mirna Profile ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) results in significant lasting weight loss and improved metabolism in obese patients. To evaluate whether epigenetic factors could concur to these benefits, we investigated the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) microRNA (miRNA) profile before (T0) and three years (T1) after LAGB in three morbidly obese women. Case Reports. SAT miRNA profiling, evaluated by TaqMan Array, showed four downexpressed (miR-519d, miR-299-5p, miR-212, and miR-671-3p) and two upexpressed (miR-370 and miR-487a) miRNAs at T1 versus T0. Bioinformatics predicted that these miRNAs regulate genes belonging to pathways associated with the cytoskeleton, inflammation, and metabolism. Western blot analysis showed that PPAR-alpha, which is the target gene of miR-519d, increased after LAGB, thereby suggesting an improvement in SAT lipid metabolism. Accordingly, the number and diameter of adipocytes were significantly higher and lower, respectively, at T1 versus T0. Bioinformatics predicted that the decreased levels of miR-212, miR-299-5p, and miR-671-3p at T1 concur in reducing SAT inflammation. Conclusion. We show that the miRNA profile changes after LAGB. This finding, although obtained in only three cases, suggests that this epigenetic mechanism, by regulating the expression of genes involved in inflammation and lipid metabolism, could concur to improve SAT functionality in postoperative obese patients.

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