scholarly journals Detection of Novel Variations Related to Litter Size in BMP15 Gene of Luzhong Mutton Sheep (Ovis aries)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3528
Author(s):  
Ran Di ◽  
Fengyan Wang ◽  
Ping Yu ◽  
Xiangyu Wang ◽  
Xiaoyun He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Candidate Snps ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sheep Industry ◽  
Economic Trait ◽  
Novel Association

Litter size is an important economic trait in the mutton sheep industry. BMP15 is one of the key candidate genes for litter size in sheep. In this study, the entire ORF region of BMP15 was sequenced in 154 Luzhong mutton ewes, and the novel variations were determined. The association between polymorphism in BMP15 and litter size was analyzed using a general linear model. Six out of a total of thirteen variations were identified to be novel. Association analysis indicated that four (SNPs ENSOART00000010201.1:c.352+342C>A, c.352+1232T>C, c.352+1165A>G and c.353-2036T>A) were significantly associated with litter size. The joint analysis among three major genes (BMP15, BMPR1B and GDF9) exhibited significant interaction effects in three combinations (FecB and c.352+1232T>C of BMP15; FecB and c.352+1165A>G of BMP15; c.352+342C>A of BMP15 and ENSOART00000014382.1:c.994G>A of GDF9). For the SNPs c.352+1232T>C and c.352+342C>A, the global distribution of allele frequencies showed that the highest variation frequency occurs in Western Europe. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that BMP15 is a major gene for litter size in Luzhong mutton sheep and candidate SNPs associated with litter size were identified.

scholarly journals Polymorphism Detection of GDF9 Gene and Its Association with Litter Size in Luzhong Mutton Sheep (Ovis aries)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Fengyan Wang ◽  
Mingxing Chu ◽  
Linxiang Pan ◽  
Xiangyu Wang ◽  
Xiaoyun He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Tertiary Structure ◽  
Novel Mutation ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Association Analyses ◽  
Gdf9 Gene

Litter size is one of the most important economic traits in sheep. GDF9 and BMPR1B are major genes affecting the litter size of sheep. In this study, the whole coding region of GDF9 was sequenced and all the SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) were determined in Luzhong mutton ewes. The FecB mutation was genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY®SNP assay technology. Then, the association analyses between polymorphic loci of GDF9 gene, FecB, and litter size were performed using a general linear model procedure. The results showed that eight SNPs were detected in GDF9 of Luzhong mutton sheep, including one novel mutation (g.41769606 T > G). The g.41768501A > G, g.41768485 G > A in GDF9 and FecB were significantly associated with litter size in Luzhong mutton ewes. The g.41768485 G > A is a missense mutation in the mature GDF9 protein region and is predicted to affect the tertiary structure of the protein. The results preliminarily demonstrated that GDF9 was a major gene affecting the fecundity of Luzhong mutton sheep and the two loci g.41768501A > G and g.41768485 G > A may be potential genetic markers for improving litter size.

scholarly journals Ventilatory defects and treatable traits in very elderly patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110131
Author(s):  
João Gaspar-Marques ◽  
Teresa Palmeiro ◽  
Iolanda Caires ◽  
Paula Leiria Pinto ◽  
Nuno Neuparth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Very Elderly ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Novel Association ◽  
Peripheral Pulse

Though the approach used to classify chronic respiratory diseases is changing to a treatable-traits (TT) approach, data regarding very elderly patients is lacking. The objectives of this study were to assess TT frequency in very elderly patients and to study the link between extrapulmonary TT and ventilatory defects. Individuals (≥75 years) residing in elderly care centres answered a standardised questionnaire, underwent spirometry, atopy and fractional exhaled nitric oxide assessments and had their blood pressure and peripheral pulse oximetry measured. Pulmonary, extrapulmonary and behavioural TT were evaluated. Outcome variables were an airflow limitation (post-bronchodilator z-score FEV1/FVC<−1.64) and a restrictive spirometry pattern (z-score FEV1/FVC ≥ +1.64 and z-score FVC<−1.64). Seventy-two percent of the individuals who took part in the study ( n = 234) were women, and the median age of participants was 86 (IQR: 7.4). At least one pulmonary TT was identified in 105 (44.9%) individuals. The most frequent extrapulmonary TTs were: persistent systemic inflammation (47.0%), anaemia (34.4%), depression (32.5%) and obesity (27.4). Airflow limitation was exclusively associated with smoking (OR 5.03; 95% CI 1.56–16.22). A restrictive spirometry pattern was associated with cognitive impairment (OR: 3.89; 95% CI: 1.55–9.79). A high frequency of various TTs was found. The novel association between a restrictive spirometry pattern and cognitive impairment highlights the urgency of clinical research on this vulnerable age group.

scholarly journals Fungal Endophyte Colonization Patterns Alter Over Time in the Novel Association Between Lolium perenne and Epichloë Endophyte AR37

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Pilar Forte ◽  
Jan Schmid ◽  
Paul P. Dijkwel ◽  
Istvan Nagy ◽  
David E. Hume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Association ◽  
Colonization Patterns ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Epichloë Endophyte

Comparative performance of Omani goats and sheep

1996 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. S. Al-Nakib ◽  
E. S. S. Al-Shukaily ◽  
S. S. S. Al-Hanai ◽  
S. A. M. Al-Nabhani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Sheep Industry ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Performance Trial

SUMMARYAs part of a long-term breeding programme aimed at improving the performance of Omani goats and sheep, a 3-year performance trial was carried out between 1991 and 1993 to evaluate the reproductive and productive performance of three breeds of goat: Batinah (BT), Dhofari (DH) and Jabal Akhdar (JA), and one breed of local Omani sheep. In each year, flushing started on 1 September, mating started on 1 October and terminated on 15 November, and the kidding/lambing season started on average on 1 March. Kids and lambs were weaned at c. 3 months of age, then put on a 3-month performance test, fed on concentrates ad libitum and Rhodes grass hay. Some 3706 dam and 3011 progeny performance records were available over a 3-year period from 1991 to 1993. Ewes were lighter in body weight and lower in litter size weaned but higher in fertility than the does. Although the lambs had lighter birth weights, they were heavier at weaning and at 6 months of age. Among the goats, the DH does had lighter body weight but higher litter size weaned than both the BT and the JA goats. DH kids were somewhat lighter at birth, weaning and 6-month body weights than the other two breeds but had higher survival.The sheep had higher output per ewe exposed (3·28 kg, 33%) and per ewe lambed (3·27 kg, 26%) and were 35% more efficient in production than the goats. Although the DH goats had a lower output per doe exposed than the BT and JA goats (0·9 kg, 9 % and 0·76 kg, 7% respectively) and per doe kidded (1·11 kg, 9% and 1·29 kg, 10%), they had higher efficiency of production than both BT (0·05 units, 6%) and JA (0·11 units, 14%).In view of these results, attention should be paid to the sheep industry through the introduction of promotion schemes. The DH goats would be even more useful if involved in a crossbreeding scheme and the JA goats would benefit from selection for maternal care.

scholarly journals Fine mapping genetic variants associated with age at puberty and sow fertility using SowPro90 genotyping array

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiruni R Wijesena ◽  
Stephen D Kachman ◽  
Clay A Lents ◽  
Jean-Jack Riethoven ◽  
Melanie D Trenhaile-Grannemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Research University ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Candidate Snps ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Positional Candidate ◽  
Age At Puberty ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Fertility Traits

Abstract Sow fertility traits, such as litter size and the number of lifetime parities produced (reproductive longevity), are economically important. Selection for these traits is difficult because they are lowly heritable and expressed late in life. Age at puberty (AP) is an early indicator of reproductive longevity. Here, we utilized a custom Affymetrix single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) array (SowPro90) enriched with positional candidate genetic variants for AP and a haplotype-based genome-wide association study to fine map the genetic sources associated with AP and other fertility traits in research (University of Nebraska-Lincoln [UNL]) and commercial sow populations. Five major quantitative trait loci (QTL) located on four Sus scrofa chromosomes (SSC2, SSC7, SSC14, and SSC18) were discovered for AP in the UNL population. Negative correlations (r = −0.96 to −0.10; P &lt; 0.0001) were observed at each QTL between genomic estimated breeding values for AP and reproductive longevity measured as lifetime number of parities (LTNP). Some of the SNPs discovered in the major QTL regions for AP were located in candidate genes with fertility-associated gene ontologies (e.g., P2RX3, NR2F2, OAS1, and PTPN11). These SNPs showed significant (P &lt; 0.05) or suggestive (P &lt; 0.15) associations with AP, reproductive longevity, and litter size traits in the UNL population and litter size traits in the commercial sows. For example, in the UNL population, when the number of favorable alleles of an SNP located in the 3′ untranslated region of PTPN11 (SSC14) increased, AP decreased (P &lt; 0.0001), while LTNP increased (P &lt; 0.10). Additionally, a suggestive difference in the observed NR2F2 isoforms usage was hypothesized to be the source of the QTL for puberty onset mapped on SSC7. It will be beneficial to further characterize these candidate SNPs and genes to understand their impact on protein sequence and function, gene expression, splicing process, and how these changes affect the phenotypic variation of fertility traits.

scholarly journals The Novel Association of the Chemokine CCL22 with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

2010 ◽  
Vol 176 (5) ◽  
pp. 2098-2106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Golledge ◽  
Paula Clancy ◽  
Corey Moran ◽  
Erik Biros ◽  
Catherine Rush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Novel Association

The novel 172 sheep (Ovis aries) microRNAs and their targets

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 6259-6266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Younas Khan Barozai
Keyword(s):  
Ovis Aries ◽  
The Novel

Mutations in BMPR-IB and BMP-15 genes are associated with litter size in Small Tailed Han sheep (Ovis aries)1

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 598-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. X. Chu ◽  
Z. H. Liu ◽  
C. L. Jiao ◽  
Y. Q. He ◽  
L. Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Ovis Aries

Cloning and expression of caprine KIT gene and associations of polymorphisms with litter size

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. P. An ◽  
J. X. Hou ◽  
T. Y. Gao ◽  
B. Y. Cao
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Cloning And Expression ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Kit Gene

The full coding region of KIT mRNA was cloned from the caprine ovary. The results showed the caprine KIT cDNA (GenBank accession number KF364483) contained a 2925-bp open reading frame encoding a protein with 974 amino acid residues. BLAST analysis revealed that the caprine KIT protein had high similarity with that of four species: Ovis aries (99%), Bos taurus (99%), Sus scrofa (94%) and Homo sapiens (90%). The KIT mRNA expression pattern showed that KIT mRNA was expressed highly in kidney, ovary, uterus and breast. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (g.88430T > A and g.120466G > A) in the caprine KIT gene were detected by PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and DNA sequencing in 735 goats of Xinong Saanen, Guanzhong and Boer breeds. The g.88430T > A mutation was a missense mutation (Tyr > Asn at position 409 amino acid of KIT). The association study has been done by jointly analysing all data in one analysis. The result showed that individuals with TT and TA genotypes had their litter size increased by 0.11 and 0.09, respectively, compared with those with AA genotype at the g.88430T > A locus for three goat breeds (P < 0.05). Further analysis revealed that combined genotype TTAA was better than the others for litter size in three goat breeds. Therefore, the biochemical and physiological functions, together with the results obtained in our investigation, suggest that the KIT gene could serve as a genetic marker for litter size in goat breeding.

scholarly journals Translating Semiotic “Polyphony” of Texts as a Culture-Formative Creation

Tertium ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-169
Author(s):  
Caterina Squillace
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
The Social ◽  
Roman Jakobson ◽  
The Master And Margarita

“The Master and Margarita” is generally considered Mikhail Bulgakov’s literary masterpiece. It is a “melting pot” of literary genres, motives, themes, imagery and intertextual references. All these elements cooperate in creating a “polyphonic” novel, in Bakhtin’s sense of the word, not only when it comes to the different nature and “voice” of single characters but also with reference to the “poly-structured” construction of the text itself. The paper will illustrate the peculiarity of Bulgakov’s novel and the semiotic and semiosic character of his creation. The adjective “semiosic” derives from “semiosis” as defined, among others, by C.S. Peirce, who stresses the meaning-making “power” of some semiotic processes. The paper aims also at answering the question why this novel has been translated several times into Polish and Italian since 1967 (when the first edition of the novel was published in Western Europe). Due to the very specific construction of the plot and of the formal aspects of the novel, translators had to deal with a significant number of problems of “untranslatability” that they could solve only by using their creative potential. It was Roman Jakobson who through his linguistic analysis reached the conclusion that for the untranslatable—poetry for example—“Only creative transposition is possible”. Using creativity translators were also able to discover further interpretations of Bulgakov’s literary work and to perform a culture-formative act as their efforts offer new points of view on reality and its perception, wider knowledge of the social life not only in Soviet times but in a more universal perspective as well as new models of text and literariness. That’s why a novel like Bulgakov’s masterpiece has been translated so many times and it is still translated in the two languages selected for the purposes of this research and all over the world. And this is also the reason why it can be considered a meaning-generative and culture-formative text even if its first edition appeared in 1940.  

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